The First Hatchling Dinosaur Reported from the Eastern United States: Propanoplosaurus marylandicus (Dinosauria: Ankylosauria) from the Early Cretaceous of Maryland, U.S.A

Abundant and diverse dinosaur footprints have been discovered recently on bedding surfaces of the Lower Cretaceous Patuxent Formation of Maryland and Virginia. Found along with those ichnofossils is a fossil preserved partially as natural casts and partially as natural molds of a baby nodosaurid ank...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of paleontology 2011-09, Vol.85 (5), p.916-924
Hauptverfasser: Stanford, Ray, Weishampel, David B, Deleon, Valerie B
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description Abundant and diverse dinosaur footprints have been discovered recently on bedding surfaces of the Lower Cretaceous Patuxent Formation of Maryland and Virginia. Found along with those ichnofossils is a fossil preserved partially as natural casts and partially as natural molds of a baby nodosaurid ankylosaur so small as to justify interpreting it as a hatchling. Despite the rather unusual type of preservation, the find is properly termed a body fossil and not an ichnite, per se, because it records not the action of an organism, but the body form and bone structure (including partial articulation) of a dinosaur. We here name it Propanoplosaurus marylandicus and provide a description of its diagnostic characteristics. Although actual skeletal remains referable to P. marylandicus have not been found in the Patuxent Formation, other nodosaurids recognized from skeletal remains are known from both the Lower and Upper Cretaceous strata of the Western Interior of North America and Europe. P. marylandicus represents the only diagnostic nodosaurid from the Early Cretaceous of the eastern U.S.A., provides information on growth patterns among nodosaurids, and is the first direct evidence of a dinosaur hatchling and, deductively, nesting, on the entire eastern seaboard.
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Found along with those ichnofossils is a fossil preserved partially as natural casts and partially as natural molds of a baby nodosaurid ankylosaur so small as to justify interpreting it as a hatchling. Despite the rather unusual type of preservation, the find is properly termed a body fossil and not an ichnite, per se, because it records not the action of an organism, but the body form and bone structure (including partial articulation) of a dinosaur. We here name it Propanoplosaurus marylandicus and provide a description of its diagnostic characteristics. Although actual skeletal remains referable to P. marylandicus have not been found in the Patuxent Formation, other nodosaurids recognized from skeletal remains are known from both the Lower and Upper Cretaceous strata of the Western Interior of North America and Europe. P. marylandicus represents the only diagnostic nodosaurid from the Early Cretaceous of the eastern U.S.A., provides information on growth patterns among nodosaurids, and is the first direct evidence of a dinosaur hatchling and, deductively, nesting, on the entire eastern seaboard.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-3360</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1937-2337</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1666/10-113.1</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JPALAZ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, USA: Cambridge University Press</publisher><subject>Ankylosauria ; Aptian ; Archosauria ; biometry ; Bones ; Chordata ; Clay ; Coastal plains ; Cretaceous ; Diapsida ; Dinosaurs ; Fossils ; Geometric shapes ; Humerus ; juvenile taxa ; Landmarks ; Lower Cretaceous ; Maryland ; Mesozoic ; morphology ; Nesting ; new taxa ; Nodosauridae ; Ornithischia ; Paleontology ; Patuxent Formation ; Potomac Group ; Prince Georges County Maryland ; principal components analysis ; Propanoplosaurus marylandicus ; Reptilia ; Ribs ; Skeleton ; skeletons ; Skull ; statistical analysis ; Stratigraphy ; Taxa ; taxonomy ; Tetrapoda ; United States ; Vertebrata ; vertebrate</subject><ispartof>Journal of paleontology, 2011-09, Vol.85 (5), p.916-924</ispartof><rights>The Paleontological Society</rights><rights>Copyright © The Paleontological Society</rights><rights>GeoRef, Copyright 2020, American Geosciences Institute. 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Paleontol</addtitle><date>2011-09</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>85</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>916</spage><epage>924</epage><pages>916-924</pages><issn>0022-3360</issn><eissn>1937-2337</eissn><coden>JPALAZ</coden><abstract>Abundant and diverse dinosaur footprints have been discovered recently on bedding surfaces of the Lower Cretaceous Patuxent Formation of Maryland and Virginia. Found along with those ichnofossils is a fossil preserved partially as natural casts and partially as natural molds of a baby nodosaurid ankylosaur so small as to justify interpreting it as a hatchling. Despite the rather unusual type of preservation, the find is properly termed a body fossil and not an ichnite, per se, because it records not the action of an organism, but the body form and bone structure (including partial articulation) of a dinosaur. We here name it Propanoplosaurus marylandicus and provide a description of its diagnostic characteristics. Although actual skeletal remains referable to P. marylandicus have not been found in the Patuxent Formation, other nodosaurids recognized from skeletal remains are known from both the Lower and Upper Cretaceous strata of the Western Interior of North America and Europe. P. marylandicus represents the only diagnostic nodosaurid from the Early Cretaceous of the eastern U.S.A., provides information on growth patterns among nodosaurids, and is the first direct evidence of a dinosaur hatchling and, deductively, nesting, on the entire eastern seaboard.</abstract><cop>New York, USA</cop><pub>Cambridge University Press</pub><doi>10.1666/10-113.1</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Ankylosauria
Aptian
Archosauria
biometry
Bones
Chordata
Clay
Coastal plains
Cretaceous
Diapsida
Dinosaurs
Fossils
Geometric shapes
Humerus
juvenile taxa
Landmarks
Lower Cretaceous
Maryland
Mesozoic
morphology
Nesting
new taxa
Nodosauridae
Ornithischia
Paleontology
Patuxent Formation
Potomac Group
Prince Georges County Maryland
principal components analysis
Propanoplosaurus marylandicus
Reptilia
Ribs
Skeleton
skeletons
Skull
statistical analysis
Stratigraphy
Taxa
taxonomy
Tetrapoda
United States
Vertebrata
vertebrate
title The First Hatchling Dinosaur Reported from the Eastern United States: Propanoplosaurus marylandicus (Dinosauria: Ankylosauria) from the Early Cretaceous of Maryland, U.S.A
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