The First Hatchling Dinosaur Reported from the Eastern United States: Propanoplosaurus marylandicus (Dinosauria: Ankylosauria) from the Early Cretaceous of Maryland, U.S.A
Abundant and diverse dinosaur footprints have been discovered recently on bedding surfaces of the Lower Cretaceous Patuxent Formation of Maryland and Virginia. Found along with those ichnofossils is a fossil preserved partially as natural casts and partially as natural molds of a baby nodosaurid ank...
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description | Abundant and diverse dinosaur footprints have been discovered recently on bedding surfaces of the Lower Cretaceous Patuxent Formation of Maryland and Virginia. Found along with those ichnofossils is a fossil preserved partially as natural casts and partially as natural molds of a baby nodosaurid ankylosaur so small as to justify interpreting it as a hatchling. Despite the rather unusual type of preservation, the find is properly termed a body fossil and not an ichnite, per se, because it records not the action of an organism, but the body form and bone structure (including partial articulation) of a dinosaur. We here name it Propanoplosaurus marylandicus and provide a description of its diagnostic characteristics. Although actual skeletal remains referable to P. marylandicus have not been found in the Patuxent Formation, other nodosaurids recognized from skeletal remains are known from both the Lower and Upper Cretaceous strata of the Western Interior of North America and Europe. P. marylandicus represents the only diagnostic nodosaurid from the Early Cretaceous of the eastern U.S.A., provides information on growth patterns among nodosaurids, and is the first direct evidence of a dinosaur hatchling and, deductively, nesting, on the entire eastern seaboard. |
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Found along with those ichnofossils is a fossil preserved partially as natural casts and partially as natural molds of a baby nodosaurid ankylosaur so small as to justify interpreting it as a hatchling. Despite the rather unusual type of preservation, the find is properly termed a body fossil and not an ichnite, per se, because it records not the action of an organism, but the body form and bone structure (including partial articulation) of a dinosaur. We here name it Propanoplosaurus marylandicus and provide a description of its diagnostic characteristics. Although actual skeletal remains referable to P. marylandicus have not been found in the Patuxent Formation, other nodosaurids recognized from skeletal remains are known from both the Lower and Upper Cretaceous strata of the Western Interior of North America and Europe. P. marylandicus represents the only diagnostic nodosaurid from the Early Cretaceous of the eastern U.S.A., provides information on growth patterns among nodosaurids, and is the first direct evidence of a dinosaur hatchling and, deductively, nesting, on the entire eastern seaboard.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-3360</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1937-2337</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1666/10-113.1</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JPALAZ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, USA: Cambridge University Press</publisher><subject>Ankylosauria ; Aptian ; Archosauria ; biometry ; Bones ; Chordata ; Clay ; Coastal plains ; Cretaceous ; Diapsida ; Dinosaurs ; Fossils ; Geometric shapes ; Humerus ; juvenile taxa ; Landmarks ; Lower Cretaceous ; Maryland ; Mesozoic ; morphology ; Nesting ; new taxa ; Nodosauridae ; Ornithischia ; Paleontology ; Patuxent Formation ; Potomac Group ; Prince Georges County Maryland ; principal components analysis ; Propanoplosaurus marylandicus ; Reptilia ; Ribs ; Skeleton ; skeletons ; Skull ; statistical analysis ; Stratigraphy ; Taxa ; taxonomy ; Tetrapoda ; United States ; Vertebrata ; vertebrate</subject><ispartof>Journal of paleontology, 2011-09, Vol.85 (5), p.916-924</ispartof><rights>The Paleontological Society</rights><rights>Copyright © The Paleontological Society</rights><rights>GeoRef, Copyright 2020, American Geosciences Institute. 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Abstract, Copyright, The Paleontological Society</rights><rights>Copyright © 2011 The Paleontological Society</rights><rights>Copyright Paleontological Society Sep 2011</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a401t-cf8ff448e10ffa426423059f062ca48ba5b0be4301c7cfb54700a1bb12c5f1f23</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a401t-cf8ff448e10ffa426423059f062ca48ba5b0be4301c7cfb54700a1bb12c5f1f23</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://bioone.org/doi/pdf/10.1666/10-113.1$$EPDF$$P50$$Gbioone$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/23020141$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,799,26957,27903,27904,52341,57995,58228</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Stanford, Ray</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weishampel, David B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deleon, Valerie B</creatorcontrib><title>The First Hatchling Dinosaur Reported from the Eastern United States: Propanoplosaurus marylandicus (Dinosauria: Ankylosauria) from the Early Cretaceous of Maryland, U.S.A</title><title>Journal of paleontology</title><addtitle>J. Paleontol</addtitle><description>Abundant and diverse dinosaur footprints have been discovered recently on bedding surfaces of the Lower Cretaceous Patuxent Formation of Maryland and Virginia. Found along with those ichnofossils is a fossil preserved partially as natural casts and partially as natural molds of a baby nodosaurid ankylosaur so small as to justify interpreting it as a hatchling. Despite the rather unusual type of preservation, the find is properly termed a body fossil and not an ichnite, per se, because it records not the action of an organism, but the body form and bone structure (including partial articulation) of a dinosaur. We here name it Propanoplosaurus marylandicus and provide a description of its diagnostic characteristics. Although actual skeletal remains referable to P. marylandicus have not been found in the Patuxent Formation, other nodosaurids recognized from skeletal remains are known from both the Lower and Upper Cretaceous strata of the Western Interior of North America and Europe. P. marylandicus represents the only diagnostic nodosaurid from the Early Cretaceous of the eastern U.S.A., provides information on growth patterns among nodosaurids, and is the first direct evidence of a dinosaur hatchling and, deductively, nesting, on the entire eastern seaboard.</description><subject>Ankylosauria</subject><subject>Aptian</subject><subject>Archosauria</subject><subject>biometry</subject><subject>Bones</subject><subject>Chordata</subject><subject>Clay</subject><subject>Coastal plains</subject><subject>Cretaceous</subject><subject>Diapsida</subject><subject>Dinosaurs</subject><subject>Fossils</subject><subject>Geometric shapes</subject><subject>Humerus</subject><subject>juvenile taxa</subject><subject>Landmarks</subject><subject>Lower Cretaceous</subject><subject>Maryland</subject><subject>Mesozoic</subject><subject>morphology</subject><subject>Nesting</subject><subject>new taxa</subject><subject>Nodosauridae</subject><subject>Ornithischia</subject><subject>Paleontology</subject><subject>Patuxent Formation</subject><subject>Potomac Group</subject><subject>Prince Georges County Maryland</subject><subject>principal components analysis</subject><subject>Propanoplosaurus marylandicus</subject><subject>Reptilia</subject><subject>Ribs</subject><subject>Skeleton</subject><subject>skeletons</subject><subject>Skull</subject><subject>statistical analysis</subject><subject>Stratigraphy</subject><subject>Taxa</subject><subject>taxonomy</subject><subject>Tetrapoda</subject><subject>United States</subject><subject>Vertebrata</subject><subject>vertebrate</subject><issn>0022-3360</issn><issn>1937-2337</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kcFuEzEQhlcIJEJB4gWQLA6olG6Ysb2bTW9R2lKkIhBtziuvY6cOG3trO0J5pr5kvd3QcoDTaGa--f-xJ8veIoyxLMvPCDkiG-OzbIRTNskpY5Pn2QiA0pyxEl5mr0JYAyAtEUfZ3fWNIufGh0guRJQ3rbErcmqsC2LryU_VOR_VkmjvNiQm9EyEqLwlC2v6-lUUUYUT8sO7TljXtQ9z20A2wu9aYZdGpuTwj6ARJ2Rmf-3affbxb2Hf7sjcqyikcmnIafJtL3JMFuOr8ex19kKLNqg3-3iQLc7PrucX-eX3L1_ns8tccMCYS11pzXmlELQWnJacMiimGkoqBa8aUTTQKM4A5UTqpuATAIFNg1QWGjVlB9n7Qbfz7narQqzXbuttsqyraTGt0t_xBB0OkPQuBK903XnTv7pGqPtLPERkNSb03YCuQ3T-kUtbUUDe9z8N_ZVyQRplpfrtfLt8sk0c1lBVUPb00d5YbBpvliv1xP3D-sMAN8Y5q_6_4z0uiq8J</recordid><startdate>201109</startdate><enddate>201109</enddate><creator>Stanford, Ray</creator><creator>Weishampel, David B</creator><creator>Deleon, Valerie B</creator><general>Cambridge University Press</general><general>Paleontological Society</general><general>The Paleontological Society</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>4T-</scope><scope>4U-</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AF</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>R05</scope><scope>S0X</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201109</creationdate><title>The First Hatchling Dinosaur Reported from the Eastern United States: Propanoplosaurus marylandicus (Dinosauria: Ankylosauria) from the Early Cretaceous of Maryland, U.S.A</title><author>Stanford, Ray ; Weishampel, David B ; Deleon, Valerie B</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a401t-cf8ff448e10ffa426423059f062ca48ba5b0be4301c7cfb54700a1bb12c5f1f23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Ankylosauria</topic><topic>Aptian</topic><topic>Archosauria</topic><topic>biometry</topic><topic>Bones</topic><topic>Chordata</topic><topic>Clay</topic><topic>Coastal plains</topic><topic>Cretaceous</topic><topic>Diapsida</topic><topic>Dinosaurs</topic><topic>Fossils</topic><topic>Geometric shapes</topic><topic>Humerus</topic><topic>juvenile taxa</topic><topic>Landmarks</topic><topic>Lower Cretaceous</topic><topic>Maryland</topic><topic>Mesozoic</topic><topic>morphology</topic><topic>Nesting</topic><topic>new taxa</topic><topic>Nodosauridae</topic><topic>Ornithischia</topic><topic>Paleontology</topic><topic>Patuxent Formation</topic><topic>Potomac Group</topic><topic>Prince Georges County Maryland</topic><topic>principal components analysis</topic><topic>Propanoplosaurus marylandicus</topic><topic>Reptilia</topic><topic>Ribs</topic><topic>Skeleton</topic><topic>skeletons</topic><topic>Skull</topic><topic>statistical analysis</topic><topic>Stratigraphy</topic><topic>Taxa</topic><topic>taxonomy</topic><topic>Tetrapoda</topic><topic>United States</topic><topic>Vertebrata</topic><topic>vertebrate</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Stanford, Ray</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weishampel, David B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deleon, Valerie B</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Docstoc</collection><collection>University Readers</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>STEM Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>eLibrary</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>University of Michigan</collection><collection>SIRS Editorial</collection><jtitle>Journal of paleontology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Stanford, Ray</au><au>Weishampel, David B</au><au>Deleon, Valerie B</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The First Hatchling Dinosaur Reported from the Eastern United States: Propanoplosaurus marylandicus (Dinosauria: Ankylosauria) from the Early Cretaceous of Maryland, U.S.A</atitle><jtitle>Journal of paleontology</jtitle><addtitle>J. Paleontol</addtitle><date>2011-09</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>85</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>916</spage><epage>924</epage><pages>916-924</pages><issn>0022-3360</issn><eissn>1937-2337</eissn><coden>JPALAZ</coden><abstract>Abundant and diverse dinosaur footprints have been discovered recently on bedding surfaces of the Lower Cretaceous Patuxent Formation of Maryland and Virginia. Found along with those ichnofossils is a fossil preserved partially as natural casts and partially as natural molds of a baby nodosaurid ankylosaur so small as to justify interpreting it as a hatchling. Despite the rather unusual type of preservation, the find is properly termed a body fossil and not an ichnite, per se, because it records not the action of an organism, but the body form and bone structure (including partial articulation) of a dinosaur. We here name it Propanoplosaurus marylandicus and provide a description of its diagnostic characteristics. Although actual skeletal remains referable to P. marylandicus have not been found in the Patuxent Formation, other nodosaurids recognized from skeletal remains are known from both the Lower and Upper Cretaceous strata of the Western Interior of North America and Europe. P. marylandicus represents the only diagnostic nodosaurid from the Early Cretaceous of the eastern U.S.A., provides information on growth patterns among nodosaurids, and is the first direct evidence of a dinosaur hatchling and, deductively, nesting, on the entire eastern seaboard.</abstract><cop>New York, USA</cop><pub>Cambridge University Press</pub><doi>10.1666/10-113.1</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Ankylosauria Aptian Archosauria biometry Bones Chordata Clay Coastal plains Cretaceous Diapsida Dinosaurs Fossils Geometric shapes Humerus juvenile taxa Landmarks Lower Cretaceous Maryland Mesozoic morphology Nesting new taxa Nodosauridae Ornithischia Paleontology Patuxent Formation Potomac Group Prince Georges County Maryland principal components analysis Propanoplosaurus marylandicus Reptilia Ribs Skeleton skeletons Skull statistical analysis Stratigraphy Taxa taxonomy Tetrapoda United States Vertebrata vertebrate |
title | The First Hatchling Dinosaur Reported from the Eastern United States: Propanoplosaurus marylandicus (Dinosauria: Ankylosauria) from the Early Cretaceous of Maryland, U.S.A |
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