Effects of Extrusion on the Emulsifying Properties of Rumen and Soy Protein

Defatted rumen protein and soy protein concentrate were extruded in a 15.5:1 L/D single-screw extruder at the optimum conditions for their expansion (150°C and 35% moisture, and 130°C and 35% moisture, respectively). Emulsions were produced with these proteins and studied by rheology and time domain...

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Veröffentlicht in:Food biophysics 2010-06, Vol.5 (2), p.94-102
Hauptverfasser: Silva, Ana C. C, Arêas, Elizabeth P. G, Silva, Marcelo A, Arêas, José Alfredo G
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container_title Food biophysics
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creator Silva, Ana C. C
Arêas, Elizabeth P. G
Silva, Marcelo A
Arêas, José Alfredo G
description Defatted rumen protein and soy protein concentrate were extruded in a 15.5:1 L/D single-screw extruder at the optimum conditions for their expansion (150°C and 35% moisture, and 130°C and 35% moisture, respectively). Emulsions were produced with these proteins and studied by rheology and time domain low-resolution ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR). Extrusion increased storage modulus of rumen protein emulsions. The opposite was observed for soy protein. Mechanical relaxation showed the existence of three relaxing components in the emulsions whose relative contributions were changed by extrusion. Likewise, spin-spin relaxation time constants (T ₂) measured by TD-NMR also showed three major distinct populations of protons in respect to their mobility that were also altered by extrusion. Extrusion increased surface hydrophobicity of both rumen and soy protein. Solubility of rumen protein increased with extrusion whereas soy protein had its solubility decreased after processing. Extrusion promoted molecular reorganization of protein, increasing its superficial hydrophobicity, affecting its interfacial properties and improving its emulsifying behavior. The results show that extrusion can promote the use of rumen, a by-product waste from the meat industry, in human nutrition by replacing soy protein in food emulsions.
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subjects Analytical Chemistry
Biological and Medical Physics
Biophysics
byproducts
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
emulsifying properties
Emulsions
extruders
extrusion
Food Science
Human nutrition
hydrophobicity
livestock and meat industry
Meat processing
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Original Article
protein concentrates
protein sources
Proteins
protons
Rheology
rumen
slaughterhouse wastes
Solubility
Soy products
soy protein
storage modulus
Waste materials
title Effects of Extrusion on the Emulsifying Properties of Rumen and Soy Protein
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