Rb-Sr study of Au-Ag Shkol'noe deposit (Kurama Mountains, north Tadjikistan): age of mineralization and time scale of hydrothermal processes

The epithermal Au-Ag Shkol'noe deposit is located in the Kandjol ore field, Kurama Mountains. This region is a part of the east-west trending Late Hercynian Bel'tau-Kurama volcanic belt, an Andean-style collisional margin. The deposit comprises a number of quartz-carbonate veins hosted by the syn-subductional Middle Carboniferous Karamazar granodiorites. The Au-Ag mineralization is considered to be the result of the earliest hydrothermal event in the region. The Rb-Sr isochron age 296.3±1.3Ma and an initial ^sup 87^Sr/^sup 86^Sr^sub 0^=0.7071±2 ratio were obtained for an adularia-sericite-quartz-calcite sample from Au-Ag mineralization. The ^sup 87^Sr/^sup 86^Sr ratio range from 0.70645±10 to 0.70741±10 was obtained for the calcites from the earlier and later mineral assemblages. The Rb-Sr age is interpreted as a real geological age of the Au-Ag mineralization. It corresponds to the initial stage of the Late Carboniferous - Early Permian collision following the main syn-subduction stage of Bel'tau-Kurama volcanic belt evolution. The comparison of the Rb-Sr age with previously obtained ^sup 40^Ar-^sup 39^Ar and K-Ar data for adularia from the Au-Ag mineralization implies that gangue minerals of the Shkol'noe deposit bears the fingerprint of at least three events in its history. They are (1) Au-Ag mineralization at 296.3±1.3Ma; and (2) two subsequent thermal pulses at 277±4 and 263-267±8Ma. The minimum time scale for the hydrothermal activity within the Shkol'noe deposit is thus approximately 30 million years. A general uniformity of the strontium source during the hydrothermal processes within the Au-Ag Shkol'noe deposit (^sup 87^Sr/^sup 86^Sr^sub 0^=0.70645±10 to 0.70741±10) is suggested as well as within the Bel'tau-Kurama belt (^sup 87^Sr/^sup 86^Sr^sub 0^=0.7051-0.707). The slight shift into a higher strontium isotope composition of the hydrothermal minerals of the Shkol'noe deposit in comparison with other deposits and rocks of the Bel'tau-Kurama belt may be ascribed to the contribution of relatively radiogenic strontium from the Karamazar-type granitoids. The mobilization of low radiogenic strontium during propylitic alteration of diabase dikes emplaced after the Au-Ag mineralization could be responsible for comparatively low ^sup 87^Sr/^sup 86^Sr ratios in some of the latest post-dike carbonates.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]