Structural isomers of polyfluorinated di- and tri-alkylated phosphate ester surfactants present in industrial blends and in microwave popcorn bags
Introduction In this study, we provide strategies for detecting and quantifying the structural isomers of polyfluorinated di- and tri-alkyl surfactants (PFAS) by mass spectrometry (MS). We specifically investigate polyfluorinated dialkylated phosphate ester surfactants ( x :2/ y :2 diPAPS, (F(CF 2 )...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental science and pollution research international 2011-09, Vol.18 (8), p.1422-1432 |
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| description | Introduction
In this study, we provide strategies for detecting and quantifying the structural isomers of polyfluorinated di- and tri-alkyl surfactants (PFAS) by mass spectrometry (MS). We specifically investigate polyfluorinated dialkylated phosphate ester surfactants (
x
:2/
y
:2 diPAPS, (F(CF
2
)
x
CH
2
CH
2
O-P(O)(O)
−
-OCH
2
CH
2
(CF
2
)
y
F)) and their thioether analogues (
x
:2/
y
:2 S-diPAPS, F(CF
2
)
x
CH
2
CH
2
SCH
2
-C[CH
2
O)
2
P(O)(O)
−
]-CH
2
SCH
2
CH
2
(CF
2
)
y
F), which are used for industrial applications, such as oil- and water-repellent coatings on paper and board. DiPAPS have been found in human blood and are metabolised to the persistent perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCA) in rats.
Materials and methods
A microwave popcorn bag extract was analysed by ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography coupled to a negative electrospray ionisation-quadrupole time-of-flight MS.
Results and discussion
The extract contained S-diPAPS, diPAPS and trialkylated (triPAPS) impurities. TriPAPS were also present in industrial and synthetic diPAPS standards, and were verified with an 8:2/8:2/8:2 triPAPS standard. The eight elemental compositions (
m
/
z
’s) of diPAPS in the extract represent 19 precursor ion structures, and the six S-diPAPS
m
/
z
’s represent at least 13 structures. The diPAPS had [M-H]
−
precursor ions of
m
/
z
789, 889,…1,489 and the S-diPAPS of
m
/
z
921, 1,021,…1,421, corresponding to fluorinated chains from C
6–18
. Each
m
/
z
appeared as one to three chromatographic peaks of structural isomers, where, e.g.
m
/
z
1,189 was present as 10:2/10:2, 8:2/12:2 and 6:2/14:2 diPAPS. The isomers formed different products ions, thus only half of the
m
/
z
1,189 diPAPS concentration was measured with one precursor ion > product ion transition.
Conclusion
In general, knowledge about structural isomers of poly-alkylated PFAS is needed for the estimation of types and amounts of perfluorinated degradation products, such as PFCA from diPAPS. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11356-011-0488-2 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_883224786</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2423889871</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c404t-944cddccffdf3bf4abf391e31c66460d640e5471a68ca8743db50a482b40c8f13</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1UUtvFSEUJk1Ne639Ad0Y0j0KzLkMs2waX0kTF-qaMDzaqXNhymE092_4i6W9VVcmJIdwvgfnfIRcCP5GcN6_RSG6rWJcCMZBayaPyEYoAayHYTgmGz4AMNEBnJKXiPecSz7I_oScSgG6VzBsyK8vtayursXOdMK8CwVpjnTJ8z7Oay5TsjV46idGbfK0lonZ-ft-fnpd7jIud-1KA9ZQKK4lWldtqkiXEjCkSqfUjl-xMZvFOIfk8UmqNXaTK_mn_RGa3-JySXS0t_iKvIh2xnD-XM_It_fvvl5_ZDefP3y6vrphDjhU1mZz3jsXo4_dGMGOsRtE6IRTChT3CnjYQi-s0s7qHjo_brkFLUfgTkfRnZHLg-5S8sPaJjD3eS2pWRqtOymh16qBxAHUfopYQjRLmXa27I3g5jEEcwjBtBDMYwhGNs7rZ-F13AX_l_Fn6w0gDwBsrXQbyj_n_6v-Bn_iljk</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>883224786</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Structural isomers of polyfluorinated di- and tri-alkylated phosphate ester surfactants present in industrial blends and in microwave popcorn bags</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Trier, Xenia ; Nielsen, Nikoline Juul ; Christensen, Jan H.</creator><creatorcontrib>Trier, Xenia ; Nielsen, Nikoline Juul ; Christensen, Jan H.</creatorcontrib><description>Introduction
In this study, we provide strategies for detecting and quantifying the structural isomers of polyfluorinated di- and tri-alkyl surfactants (PFAS) by mass spectrometry (MS). We specifically investigate polyfluorinated dialkylated phosphate ester surfactants (
x
:2/
y
:2 diPAPS, (F(CF
2
)
x
CH
2
CH
2
O-P(O)(O)
−
-OCH
2
CH
2
(CF
2
)
y
F)) and their thioether analogues (
x
:2/
y
:2 S-diPAPS, F(CF
2
)
x
CH
2
CH
2
SCH
2
-C[CH
2
O)
2
P(O)(O)
−
]-CH
2
SCH
2
CH
2
(CF
2
)
y
F), which are used for industrial applications, such as oil- and water-repellent coatings on paper and board. DiPAPS have been found in human blood and are metabolised to the persistent perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCA) in rats.
Materials and methods
A microwave popcorn bag extract was analysed by ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography coupled to a negative electrospray ionisation-quadrupole time-of-flight MS.
Results and discussion
The extract contained S-diPAPS, diPAPS and trialkylated (triPAPS) impurities. TriPAPS were also present in industrial and synthetic diPAPS standards, and were verified with an 8:2/8:2/8:2 triPAPS standard. The eight elemental compositions (
m
/
z
’s) of diPAPS in the extract represent 19 precursor ion structures, and the six S-diPAPS
m
/
z
’s represent at least 13 structures. The diPAPS had [M-H]
−
precursor ions of
m
/
z
789, 889,…1,489 and the S-diPAPS of
m
/
z
921, 1,021,…1,421, corresponding to fluorinated chains from C
6–18
. Each
m
/
z
appeared as one to three chromatographic peaks of structural isomers, where, e.g.
m
/
z
1,189 was present as 10:2/10:2, 8:2/12:2 and 6:2/14:2 diPAPS. The isomers formed different products ions, thus only half of the
m
/
z
1,189 diPAPS concentration was measured with one precursor ion > product ion transition.
Conclusion
In general, knowledge about structural isomers of poly-alkylated PFAS is needed for the estimation of types and amounts of perfluorinated degradation products, such as PFCA from diPAPS.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0944-1344</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1614-7499</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11356-011-0488-2</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21487649</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag</publisher><subject>Alkylation ; Aquatic Pollution ; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution ; Carboxylic acids ; Degradation products ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Ecotoxicology ; Environment ; Environmental Chemistry ; Environmental Health ; Environmental Monitoring ; Esters - analysis ; Esters - chemistry ; Food ; Food Contamination - analysis ; Food Packaging ; Food safety ; Halogenation ; Human exposure ; Impurities ; Industrial applications ; Ions ; Isomers ; Liquid chromatography ; Mass spectrometry ; Mass spectroscopy ; Perfluorochemicals ; Phosphate esters ; Phosphates - analysis ; Phosphates - chemistry ; Research Article ; Scientific imaging ; Sludge ; Studies ; Surface-Active Agents - analysis ; Surface-Active Agents - chemistry ; Surfactants ; Waste Water Technology ; Water Management ; Water Pollution Control</subject><ispartof>Environmental science and pollution research international, 2011-09, Vol.18 (8), p.1422-1432</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag 2011</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c404t-944cddccffdf3bf4abf391e31c66460d640e5471a68ca8743db50a482b40c8f13</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c404t-944cddccffdf3bf4abf391e31c66460d640e5471a68ca8743db50a482b40c8f13</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11356-011-0488-2$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11356-011-0488-2$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27923,27924,41487,42556,51318</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21487649$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Trier, Xenia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nielsen, Nikoline Juul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Christensen, Jan H.</creatorcontrib><title>Structural isomers of polyfluorinated di- and tri-alkylated phosphate ester surfactants present in industrial blends and in microwave popcorn bags</title><title>Environmental science and pollution research international</title><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res</addtitle><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res Int</addtitle><description>Introduction
In this study, we provide strategies for detecting and quantifying the structural isomers of polyfluorinated di- and tri-alkyl surfactants (PFAS) by mass spectrometry (MS). We specifically investigate polyfluorinated dialkylated phosphate ester surfactants (
x
:2/
y
:2 diPAPS, (F(CF
2
)
x
CH
2
CH
2
O-P(O)(O)
−
-OCH
2
CH
2
(CF
2
)
y
F)) and their thioether analogues (
x
:2/
y
:2 S-diPAPS, F(CF
2
)
x
CH
2
CH
2
SCH
2
-C[CH
2
O)
2
P(O)(O)
−
]-CH
2
SCH
2
CH
2
(CF
2
)
y
F), which are used for industrial applications, such as oil- and water-repellent coatings on paper and board. DiPAPS have been found in human blood and are metabolised to the persistent perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCA) in rats.
Materials and methods
A microwave popcorn bag extract was analysed by ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography coupled to a negative electrospray ionisation-quadrupole time-of-flight MS.
Results and discussion
The extract contained S-diPAPS, diPAPS and trialkylated (triPAPS) impurities. TriPAPS were also present in industrial and synthetic diPAPS standards, and were verified with an 8:2/8:2/8:2 triPAPS standard. The eight elemental compositions (
m
/
z
’s) of diPAPS in the extract represent 19 precursor ion structures, and the six S-diPAPS
m
/
z
’s represent at least 13 structures. The diPAPS had [M-H]
−
precursor ions of
m
/
z
789, 889,…1,489 and the S-diPAPS of
m
/
z
921, 1,021,…1,421, corresponding to fluorinated chains from C
6–18
. Each
m
/
z
appeared as one to three chromatographic peaks of structural isomers, where, e.g.
m
/
z
1,189 was present as 10:2/10:2, 8:2/12:2 and 6:2/14:2 diPAPS. The isomers formed different products ions, thus only half of the
m
/
z
1,189 diPAPS concentration was measured with one precursor ion > product ion transition.
Conclusion
In general, knowledge about structural isomers of poly-alkylated PFAS is needed for the estimation of types and amounts of perfluorinated degradation products, such as PFCA from diPAPS.</description><subject>Alkylation</subject><subject>Aquatic Pollution</subject><subject>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</subject><subject>Carboxylic acids</subject><subject>Degradation products</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental Chemistry</subject><subject>Environmental Health</subject><subject>Environmental Monitoring</subject><subject>Esters - analysis</subject><subject>Esters - chemistry</subject><subject>Food</subject><subject>Food Contamination - analysis</subject><subject>Food Packaging</subject><subject>Food safety</subject><subject>Halogenation</subject><subject>Human exposure</subject><subject>Impurities</subject><subject>Industrial applications</subject><subject>Ions</subject><subject>Isomers</subject><subject>Liquid chromatography</subject><subject>Mass spectrometry</subject><subject>Mass spectroscopy</subject><subject>Perfluorochemicals</subject><subject>Phosphate esters</subject><subject>Phosphates - analysis</subject><subject>Phosphates - chemistry</subject><subject>Research Article</subject><subject>Scientific imaging</subject><subject>Sludge</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Surface-Active Agents - analysis</subject><subject>Surface-Active Agents - chemistry</subject><subject>Surfactants</subject><subject>Waste Water Technology</subject><subject>Water Management</subject><subject>Water Pollution Control</subject><issn>0944-1344</issn><issn>1614-7499</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp1UUtvFSEUJk1Ne639Ad0Y0j0KzLkMs2waX0kTF-qaMDzaqXNhymE092_4i6W9VVcmJIdwvgfnfIRcCP5GcN6_RSG6rWJcCMZBayaPyEYoAayHYTgmGz4AMNEBnJKXiPecSz7I_oScSgG6VzBsyK8vtayursXOdMK8CwVpjnTJ8z7Oay5TsjV46idGbfK0lonZ-ft-fnpd7jIud-1KA9ZQKK4lWldtqkiXEjCkSqfUjl-xMZvFOIfk8UmqNXaTK_mn_RGa3-JySXS0t_iKvIh2xnD-XM_It_fvvl5_ZDefP3y6vrphDjhU1mZz3jsXo4_dGMGOsRtE6IRTChT3CnjYQi-s0s7qHjo_brkFLUfgTkfRnZHLg-5S8sPaJjD3eS2pWRqtOymh16qBxAHUfopYQjRLmXa27I3g5jEEcwjBtBDMYwhGNs7rZ-F13AX_l_Fn6w0gDwBsrXQbyj_n_6v-Bn_iljk</recordid><startdate>20110901</startdate><enddate>20110901</enddate><creator>Trier, Xenia</creator><creator>Nielsen, Nikoline Juul</creator><creator>Christensen, Jan H.</creator><general>Springer-Verlag</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7WY</scope><scope>7WZ</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>87Z</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FL</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BEZIV</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FRNLG</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>F~G</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K60</scope><scope>K6~</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.-</scope><scope>M0C</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQBIZ</scope><scope>PQBZA</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20110901</creationdate><title>Structural isomers of polyfluorinated di- and tri-alkylated phosphate ester surfactants present in industrial blends and in microwave popcorn bags</title><author>Trier, Xenia ; Nielsen, Nikoline Juul ; Christensen, Jan H.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c404t-944cddccffdf3bf4abf391e31c66460d640e5471a68ca8743db50a482b40c8f13</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Alkylation</topic><topic>Aquatic Pollution</topic><topic>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</topic><topic>Carboxylic acids</topic><topic>Degradation products</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Ecotoxicology</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Environmental Chemistry</topic><topic>Environmental Health</topic><topic>Environmental Monitoring</topic><topic>Esters - analysis</topic><topic>Esters - chemistry</topic><topic>Food</topic><topic>Food Contamination - analysis</topic><topic>Food Packaging</topic><topic>Food safety</topic><topic>Halogenation</topic><topic>Human exposure</topic><topic>Impurities</topic><topic>Industrial applications</topic><topic>Ions</topic><topic>Isomers</topic><topic>Liquid chromatography</topic><topic>Mass spectrometry</topic><topic>Mass spectroscopy</topic><topic>Perfluorochemicals</topic><topic>Phosphate esters</topic><topic>Phosphates - analysis</topic><topic>Phosphates - chemistry</topic><topic>Research Article</topic><topic>Scientific imaging</topic><topic>Sludge</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Surface-Active Agents - analysis</topic><topic>Surface-Active Agents - chemistry</topic><topic>Surfactants</topic><topic>Waste Water Technology</topic><topic>Water Management</topic><topic>Water Pollution Control</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Trier, Xenia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nielsen, Nikoline Juul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Christensen, Jan H.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (PDF only)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science 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C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><jtitle>Environmental science and pollution research international</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Trier, Xenia</au><au>Nielsen, Nikoline Juul</au><au>Christensen, Jan H.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Structural isomers of polyfluorinated di- and tri-alkylated phosphate ester surfactants present in industrial blends and in microwave popcorn bags</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science and pollution research international</jtitle><stitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res</stitle><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res Int</addtitle><date>2011-09-01</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>18</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>1422</spage><epage>1432</epage><pages>1422-1432</pages><issn>0944-1344</issn><eissn>1614-7499</eissn><abstract>Introduction
In this study, we provide strategies for detecting and quantifying the structural isomers of polyfluorinated di- and tri-alkyl surfactants (PFAS) by mass spectrometry (MS). We specifically investigate polyfluorinated dialkylated phosphate ester surfactants (
x
:2/
y
:2 diPAPS, (F(CF
2
)
x
CH
2
CH
2
O-P(O)(O)
−
-OCH
2
CH
2
(CF
2
)
y
F)) and their thioether analogues (
x
:2/
y
:2 S-diPAPS, F(CF
2
)
x
CH
2
CH
2
SCH
2
-C[CH
2
O)
2
P(O)(O)
−
]-CH
2
SCH
2
CH
2
(CF
2
)
y
F), which are used for industrial applications, such as oil- and water-repellent coatings on paper and board. DiPAPS have been found in human blood and are metabolised to the persistent perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCA) in rats.
Materials and methods
A microwave popcorn bag extract was analysed by ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography coupled to a negative electrospray ionisation-quadrupole time-of-flight MS.
Results and discussion
The extract contained S-diPAPS, diPAPS and trialkylated (triPAPS) impurities. TriPAPS were also present in industrial and synthetic diPAPS standards, and were verified with an 8:2/8:2/8:2 triPAPS standard. The eight elemental compositions (
m
/
z
’s) of diPAPS in the extract represent 19 precursor ion structures, and the six S-diPAPS
m
/
z
’s represent at least 13 structures. The diPAPS had [M-H]
−
precursor ions of
m
/
z
789, 889,…1,489 and the S-diPAPS of
m
/
z
921, 1,021,…1,421, corresponding to fluorinated chains from C
6–18
. Each
m
/
z
appeared as one to three chromatographic peaks of structural isomers, where, e.g.
m
/
z
1,189 was present as 10:2/10:2, 8:2/12:2 and 6:2/14:2 diPAPS. The isomers formed different products ions, thus only half of the
m
/
z
1,189 diPAPS concentration was measured with one precursor ion > product ion transition.
Conclusion
In general, knowledge about structural isomers of poly-alkylated PFAS is needed for the estimation of types and amounts of perfluorinated degradation products, such as PFCA from diPAPS.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer-Verlag</pub><pmid>21487649</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11356-011-0488-2</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0944-1344 |
| ispartof | Environmental science and pollution research international, 2011-09, Vol.18 (8), p.1422-1432 |
| issn | 0944-1344 1614-7499 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_journals_883224786 |
| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Alkylation Aquatic Pollution Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Carboxylic acids Degradation products Earth and Environmental Science Ecotoxicology Environment Environmental Chemistry Environmental Health Environmental Monitoring Esters - analysis Esters - chemistry Food Food Contamination - analysis Food Packaging Food safety Halogenation Human exposure Impurities Industrial applications Ions Isomers Liquid chromatography Mass spectrometry Mass spectroscopy Perfluorochemicals Phosphate esters Phosphates - analysis Phosphates - chemistry Research Article Scientific imaging Sludge Studies Surface-Active Agents - analysis Surface-Active Agents - chemistry Surfactants Waste Water Technology Water Management Water Pollution Control |
| title | Structural isomers of polyfluorinated di- and tri-alkylated phosphate ester surfactants present in industrial blends and in microwave popcorn bags |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-13T03%3A40%3A01IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Structural%20isomers%20of%20polyfluorinated%20di-%20and%20tri-alkylated%20phosphate%20ester%20surfactants%20present%20in%20industrial%20blends%20and%20in%20microwave%20popcorn%20bags&rft.jtitle=Environmental%20science%20and%20pollution%20research%20international&rft.au=Trier,%20Xenia&rft.date=2011-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1422&rft.epage=1432&rft.pages=1422-1432&rft.issn=0944-1344&rft.eissn=1614-7499&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s11356-011-0488-2&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2423889871%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=883224786&rft_id=info:pmid/21487649&rfr_iscdi=true |