Household and community poverty, biomass use, and air pollution in Accra, Ghana
Many urban households in developing countries use biomass fuels for cooking. The proportion of household biomass use varies among neighborhoods, and is generally higher in low socioeconomic status (SES) communities. Little is known of how household air pollution varies by SES and how it is affected...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2011-07, Vol.108 (27), p.11028-11033 |
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| creator | Zhou, Zheng Dionisio, Kathie L Arku, Raphael E Quaye, Audrey Hughes, Allison F Vallarino, Jose Spengler, John D Hill, Allan Agyei-Mensah, Samuel Ezzati, Majid |
| description | Many urban households in developing countries use biomass fuels for cooking. The proportion of household biomass use varies among neighborhoods, and is generally higher in low socioeconomic status (SES) communities. Little is known of how household air pollution varies by SES and how it is affected by biomass fuels and traffic sources in developing country cities. In four neighborhoods in Accra, Ghana, we collected and analyzed geo-referenced data on household and community particulate matter (PM) pollution, SES, fuel use for domestic and small-commercial cooking, housing characteristics, and distance to major roads. Cooking area PM was lowest in the high-SES neighborhood, with geometric means of 25 (95% confidence interval, 21-29) and 28 (23-33) μg/m³ for fine and coarse PM (PMâ.â
and PMâ.â
âââ), respectively; it was highest in two low-SES slums, with geometric means reaching 71 (62-80) and 131 (114-150) μg/m³ for fine and coarse PM. After adjustment for other factors, living in a community where all households use biomass fuels would be associated with 1.5- to 2.7-times PM levels in models with and without adjustment for ambient PM. Community biomass use had a stronger association with household PM than household's own fuel choice in crude and adjusted estimates. Lack of regular physical access to clean fuels is an obstacle to fuel switching in low-income neighborhoods and should be addressed through equitable energy infrastructure. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1073/pnas.1019183108 |
| format | Article |
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and PMâ.â
âââ), respectively; it was highest in two low-SES slums, with geometric means reaching 71 (62-80) and 131 (114-150) μg/m³ for fine and coarse PM. After adjustment for other factors, living in a community where all households use biomass fuels would be associated with 1.5- to 2.7-times PM levels in models with and without adjustment for ambient PM. Community biomass use had a stronger association with household PM than household's own fuel choice in crude and adjusted estimates. Lack of regular physical access to clean fuels is an obstacle to fuel switching in low-income neighborhoods and should be addressed through equitable energy infrastructure.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0027-8424</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1091-6490</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1019183108</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21690396</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: National Academy of Sciences</publisher><subject>Air pollution ; Air Pollution, Indoor - analysis ; Airborne particulates ; alternative fuels ; Biodiesel fuels ; Biofuels ; Biomass ; Cities ; Communities ; confidence interval ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Cooking ; Developing countries ; energy ; Fuels ; Geometric mean ; georeferencing ; Ghana ; Households ; Housing ; Humans ; low-income neighborhoods ; Neighborhoods ; Particulate Matter - analysis ; particulates ; Physical Sciences ; Poverty ; roads ; Social Class ; Social Sciences ; socioeconomic status ; Socioeconomics ; Solid fuels ; traffic ; Urbanization</subject><ispartof>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2011-07, Vol.108 (27), p.11028-11033</ispartof><rights>copyright © 1993–2008 National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</rights><rights>Copyright National Academy of Sciences Jul 5, 2011</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c588t-afa98c2513824d074a3e941dc5baa004d9d139a9abb4fa744daa2a99a2bf76463</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c588t-afa98c2513824d074a3e941dc5baa004d9d139a9abb4fa744daa2a99a2bf76463</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Uhttp://www.pnas.org/content/108/27.cover.gif</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/27978737$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/27978737$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,803,885,27924,27925,53791,53793,58017,58250</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21690396$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Zheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dionisio, Kathie L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arku, Raphael E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Quaye, Audrey</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hughes, Allison F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vallarino, Jose</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spengler, John D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hill, Allan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Agyei-Mensah, Samuel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ezzati, Majid</creatorcontrib><title>Household and community poverty, biomass use, and air pollution in Accra, Ghana</title><title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</title><addtitle>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</addtitle><description>Many urban households in developing countries use biomass fuels for cooking. The proportion of household biomass use varies among neighborhoods, and is generally higher in low socioeconomic status (SES) communities. Little is known of how household air pollution varies by SES and how it is affected by biomass fuels and traffic sources in developing country cities. In four neighborhoods in Accra, Ghana, we collected and analyzed geo-referenced data on household and community particulate matter (PM) pollution, SES, fuel use for domestic and small-commercial cooking, housing characteristics, and distance to major roads. Cooking area PM was lowest in the high-SES neighborhood, with geometric means of 25 (95% confidence interval, 21-29) and 28 (23-33) μg/m³ for fine and coarse PM (PMâ.â
and PMâ.â
âââ), respectively; it was highest in two low-SES slums, with geometric means reaching 71 (62-80) and 131 (114-150) μg/m³ for fine and coarse PM. After adjustment for other factors, living in a community where all households use biomass fuels would be associated with 1.5- to 2.7-times PM levels in models with and without adjustment for ambient PM. Community biomass use had a stronger association with household PM than household's own fuel choice in crude and adjusted estimates. Lack of regular physical access to clean fuels is an obstacle to fuel switching in low-income neighborhoods and should be addressed through equitable energy infrastructure.</description><subject>Air pollution</subject><subject>Air Pollution, Indoor - analysis</subject><subject>Airborne particulates</subject><subject>alternative fuels</subject><subject>Biodiesel fuels</subject><subject>Biofuels</subject><subject>Biomass</subject><subject>Cities</subject><subject>Communities</subject><subject>confidence interval</subject><subject>Conservation of Natural Resources</subject><subject>Cooking</subject><subject>Developing countries</subject><subject>energy</subject><subject>Fuels</subject><subject>Geometric mean</subject><subject>georeferencing</subject><subject>Ghana</subject><subject>Households</subject><subject>Housing</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>low-income neighborhoods</subject><subject>Neighborhoods</subject><subject>Particulate Matter - analysis</subject><subject>particulates</subject><subject>Physical Sciences</subject><subject>Poverty</subject><subject>roads</subject><subject>Social Class</subject><subject>Social Sciences</subject><subject>socioeconomic status</subject><subject>Socioeconomics</subject><subject>Solid fuels</subject><subject>traffic</subject><subject>Urbanization</subject><issn>0027-8424</issn><issn>1091-6490</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkU1v1DAQhi0EotvCmRMQceGyS8cfie1LpaoqLVKlHqBna5I4Xa8Se7GTSvvvcdilC8gHW3qfeTTjIeQdhS8UJD_fekz5RTVVnIJ6QRYUNF1VQsNLsgBgcqUEEyfkNKUNAOhSwWtywmilgetqQe5vw5TsOvRtgb4tmjAMk3fjrtiGJxvH3bKoXRgwpSJjy98MupjTvp9GF3zhfHHZNBGXxc0aPb4hrzrsk317uM_Iw9frH1e3q7v7m29Xl3erplRqXGGHWjWspFwx0YIUyK0WtG3KGhFAtLqlXKPGuhYdSiFaRIZaI6s7WYmKn5GLvXc71YNtG-vHiL3ZRjdg3JmAzvybeLc2j-HJcJpPpbLg80EQw8_JptEMLjW279Hb_CVGg6QSaFlm8tN_5CZM0efpjJJlyTgrZ935HmpiSCna7rkVCmZelZlXZY6ryhUf_p7gmf-zmwwUB2CuPOqUYdJQCmx2vN8jmzSGeFRILZXkMucf93mHweBjdMk8fGdAK5j70BXjvwABkq0t</recordid><startdate>20110705</startdate><enddate>20110705</enddate><creator>Zhou, Zheng</creator><creator>Dionisio, Kathie L</creator><creator>Arku, Raphael E</creator><creator>Quaye, Audrey</creator><creator>Hughes, Allison F</creator><creator>Vallarino, Jose</creator><creator>Spengler, John D</creator><creator>Hill, Allan</creator><creator>Agyei-Mensah, Samuel</creator><creator>Ezzati, Majid</creator><general>National Academy of Sciences</general><general>National Acad Sciences</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U6</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20110705</creationdate><title>Household and community poverty, biomass use, and air pollution in Accra, Ghana</title><author>Zhou, Zheng ; 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The proportion of household biomass use varies among neighborhoods, and is generally higher in low socioeconomic status (SES) communities. Little is known of how household air pollution varies by SES and how it is affected by biomass fuels and traffic sources in developing country cities. In four neighborhoods in Accra, Ghana, we collected and analyzed geo-referenced data on household and community particulate matter (PM) pollution, SES, fuel use for domestic and small-commercial cooking, housing characteristics, and distance to major roads. Cooking area PM was lowest in the high-SES neighborhood, with geometric means of 25 (95% confidence interval, 21-29) and 28 (23-33) μg/m³ for fine and coarse PM (PMâ.â
and PMâ.â
âââ), respectively; it was highest in two low-SES slums, with geometric means reaching 71 (62-80) and 131 (114-150) μg/m³ for fine and coarse PM. After adjustment for other factors, living in a community where all households use biomass fuels would be associated with 1.5- to 2.7-times PM levels in models with and without adjustment for ambient PM. Community biomass use had a stronger association with household PM than household's own fuel choice in crude and adjusted estimates. Lack of regular physical access to clean fuels is an obstacle to fuel switching in low-income neighborhoods and should be addressed through equitable energy infrastructure.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>National Academy of Sciences</pub><pmid>21690396</pmid><doi>10.1073/pnas.1019183108</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Air pollution Air Pollution, Indoor - analysis Airborne particulates alternative fuels Biodiesel fuels Biofuels Biomass Cities Communities confidence interval Conservation of Natural Resources Cooking Developing countries energy Fuels Geometric mean georeferencing Ghana Households Housing Humans low-income neighborhoods Neighborhoods Particulate Matter - analysis particulates Physical Sciences Poverty roads Social Class Social Sciences socioeconomic status Socioeconomics Solid fuels traffic Urbanization |
| title | Household and community poverty, biomass use, and air pollution in Accra, Ghana |
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