Galectin Plasmatic Levels Reveal a Cluster Associated with Disease Aggressiveness and Kidney Damage in Multiple Myeloma Patients
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant disease characterized by the proliferation of plasma cells, primarily in the bone marrow. It accounts for approximately 1% of all cancers and 10% of hematologic malignancies. Clinical manifestations include hypercalcemia, anemia, renal failure, and bone lesions....
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creator | Carvalho, Lidiane Vasconcelos do Nascimento Assis, Reijane Alves Montenegro, Claudio da Rosa, Michelle Melgarejo Pereira, Michelly Cristiny Pitta, Maira Galdino da Rocha de Melo Rêgo, Moacyr Jesus Barreto |
description | Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant disease characterized by the proliferation of plasma cells, primarily in the bone marrow. It accounts for approximately 1% of all cancers and 10% of hematologic malignancies. Clinical manifestations include hypercalcemia, anemia, renal failure, and bone lesions. The pathogenesis of MM involves complex interactions between myeloma cells and their microenvironment. Galectins, a family of β-galactoside-binding proteins, particularly galectin-1, -3, -4, -7, and -9, have been implicated in MM development. This study aimed to assess the plasma levels of these galectins in newly diagnosed MM patients and explore their correlation with clinical parameters. Peripheral blood samples were collected from patients at the Oncohematology Service of the Hospital de Câncer de Pernambuco, and galectin levels were measured using ELISA. Plasma levels of galectins-3, -7, and -9 were significantly higher in MM patients compared to the control group. Three clusters of MM patients were identified based on galectin plasma levels, with cluster 3, characterized by high levels of galectin-1, -4, and -7, being associated with a worse prognosis. A strong positive correlation was found between galectin-1, -4, and -7 levels and markers of kidney function (urea, creatinine, and β2-microglobulin), while negative correlations were observed with hematocrit and hemoglobin. Additionally, galectin-9 showed high accuracy in distinguishing MM patients from healthy controls (AUC = 0.931). Elevated galectin levels were indicative of disease aggressiveness and renal impairment in MM patients. Overall, our findings suggest that galectins-1, -4, -7, and -9 could serve as potential biomarkers for MM progression and severity, warranting further investigation into their utility in MM diagnosis and treatment. |
doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ijms252413499 |
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It accounts for approximately 1% of all cancers and 10% of hematologic malignancies. Clinical manifestations include hypercalcemia, anemia, renal failure, and bone lesions. The pathogenesis of MM involves complex interactions between myeloma cells and their microenvironment. Galectins, a family of β-galactoside-binding proteins, particularly galectin-1, -3, -4, -7, and -9, have been implicated in MM development. This study aimed to assess the plasma levels of these galectins in newly diagnosed MM patients and explore their correlation with clinical parameters. Peripheral blood samples were collected from patients at the Oncohematology Service of the Hospital de Câncer de Pernambuco, and galectin levels were measured using ELISA. Plasma levels of galectins-3, -7, and -9 were significantly higher in MM patients compared to the control group. Three clusters of MM patients were identified based on galectin plasma levels, with cluster 3, characterized by high levels of galectin-1, -4, and -7, being associated with a worse prognosis. A strong positive correlation was found between galectin-1, -4, and -7 levels and markers of kidney function (urea, creatinine, and β2-microglobulin), while negative correlations were observed with hematocrit and hemoglobin. Additionally, galectin-9 showed high accuracy in distinguishing MM patients from healthy controls (AUC = 0.931). Elevated galectin levels were indicative of disease aggressiveness and renal impairment in MM patients. Overall, our findings suggest that galectins-1, -4, -7, and -9 could serve as potential biomarkers for MM progression and severity, warranting further investigation into their utility in MM diagnosis and treatment.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1422-0067</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1661-6596</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1422-0067</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ijms252413499</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39769262</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anemia ; Angiogenesis ; Apoptosis ; Biomarkers ; Biomarkers, Tumor - blood ; Blood cancer ; Bone marrow ; Cancer ; Cluster analysis ; Creatinine ; Development and progression ; Diabetes ; Diabetic nephropathy ; Extracellular matrix ; Female ; Galectins - blood ; Generalized linear models ; Hematology ; Hemoglobin ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Kidney - pathology ; Kidney diseases ; Male ; Medical prognosis ; Medical research ; Medicine, Experimental ; Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Multiple myeloma ; Multiple Myeloma - blood ; Multiple Myeloma - complications ; Multiple Myeloma - pathology ; Patients ; Plasma ; Prognosis ; Protein binding ; Proteins ; Statistical significance ; Survival analysis ; Urea</subject><ispartof>International journal of molecular sciences, 2024-12, Vol.25 (24), p.13499</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c313t-62ecac9c6c4466cf3ba4b2483809734e0df4476b499ba7c9c06b2544908261233</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0163-3833 ; 0000-0002-1672-8202 ; 0000-0002-1883-6012</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27902,27903</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39769262$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Carvalho, Lidiane Vasconcelos do Nascimento</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Assis, Reijane Alves</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Montenegro, Claudio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>da Rosa, Michelle Melgarejo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pereira, Michelly Cristiny</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pitta, Maira Galdino da Rocha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Melo Rêgo, Moacyr Jesus Barreto</creatorcontrib><title>Galectin Plasmatic Levels Reveal a Cluster Associated with Disease Aggressiveness and Kidney Damage in Multiple Myeloma Patients</title><title>International journal of molecular sciences</title><addtitle>Int J Mol Sci</addtitle><description>Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant disease characterized by the proliferation of plasma cells, primarily in the bone marrow. It accounts for approximately 1% of all cancers and 10% of hematologic malignancies. Clinical manifestations include hypercalcemia, anemia, renal failure, and bone lesions. The pathogenesis of MM involves complex interactions between myeloma cells and their microenvironment. Galectins, a family of β-galactoside-binding proteins, particularly galectin-1, -3, -4, -7, and -9, have been implicated in MM development. This study aimed to assess the plasma levels of these galectins in newly diagnosed MM patients and explore their correlation with clinical parameters. Peripheral blood samples were collected from patients at the Oncohematology Service of the Hospital de Câncer de Pernambuco, and galectin levels were measured using ELISA. Plasma levels of galectins-3, -7, and -9 were significantly higher in MM patients compared to the control group. Three clusters of MM patients were identified based on galectin plasma levels, with cluster 3, characterized by high levels of galectin-1, -4, and -7, being associated with a worse prognosis. A strong positive correlation was found between galectin-1, -4, and -7 levels and markers of kidney function (urea, creatinine, and β2-microglobulin), while negative correlations were observed with hematocrit and hemoglobin. Additionally, galectin-9 showed high accuracy in distinguishing MM patients from healthy controls (AUC = 0.931). Elevated galectin levels were indicative of disease aggressiveness and renal impairment in MM patients. Overall, our findings suggest that galectins-1, -4, -7, and -9 could serve as potential biomarkers for MM progression and severity, warranting further investigation into their utility in MM diagnosis and treatment.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Anemia</subject><subject>Angiogenesis</subject><subject>Apoptosis</subject><subject>Biomarkers</subject><subject>Biomarkers, Tumor - blood</subject><subject>Blood cancer</subject><subject>Bone marrow</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>Cluster analysis</subject><subject>Creatinine</subject><subject>Development and progression</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Diabetic nephropathy</subject><subject>Extracellular matrix</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Galectins - blood</subject><subject>Generalized linear models</subject><subject>Hematology</subject><subject>Hemoglobin</subject><subject>Homeostasis</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Kidney - pathology</subject><subject>Kidney diseases</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical prognosis</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Medicine, Experimental</subject><subject>Metastasis</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Multiple myeloma</subject><subject>Multiple Myeloma - blood</subject><subject>Multiple Myeloma - complications</subject><subject>Multiple Myeloma - pathology</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Plasma</subject><subject>Prognosis</subject><subject>Protein binding</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Statistical significance</subject><subject>Survival analysis</subject><subject>Urea</subject><issn>1422-0067</issn><issn>1661-6596</issn><issn>1422-0067</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNptkc1v1DAQxS0EomXhyBVZ4sIlxbG9TnxcbaEgtqJCcI4mzmTxynGWjFO0N_50XLXQD1U-PMv6zfPTPMZel-JEKSve-91Acil1qbS1T9hxqaUshDDV0zv3I_aCaCeEVHJpn7MjZStjpZHH7M8ZBHTJR34RgAZI3vENXmIg_i0LBA58HWZKOPEV0eg8JOz4b59-8lNPCIR8td1OSOQvMWbhEDv-xXcRD_wUBtgiz-7nc0h-H5CfHzCMA_CL_BXGRC_Zsx4C4asbXbAfHz98X38qNl_PPq9Xm8KpUqXCSHTgrDNOa2Ncr1rQrdS1qoWtlEbR9VpXps1LaKHKoDCtXGptRS1NKZVasHfXvvtp_DUjpWbw5DAEiDjO1KhyqepKKCsz-vYBuhvnKeZ0mdLW6EoLcUtt8wYbH_sxTeCuTJtVLctaaZOTL9jJI1Q-HQ7ejRF7n9_vDRTXA24aiSbsm_3kB5gOTSmaq8abe41n_s1N2LkdsPtP_6tY_QXDw6UQ</recordid><startdate>20241217</startdate><enddate>20241217</enddate><creator>Carvalho, Lidiane Vasconcelos do Nascimento</creator><creator>Assis, Reijane Alves</creator><creator>Montenegro, Claudio</creator><creator>da Rosa, Michelle Melgarejo</creator><creator>Pereira, Michelly Cristiny</creator><creator>Pitta, Maira Galdino da Rocha</creator><creator>de Melo Rêgo, Moacyr Jesus Barreto</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0163-3833</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1672-8202</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1883-6012</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20241217</creationdate><title>Galectin Plasmatic Levels Reveal a Cluster Associated with Disease Aggressiveness and Kidney Damage in Multiple Myeloma Patients</title><author>Carvalho, Lidiane Vasconcelos do Nascimento ; Assis, Reijane Alves ; Montenegro, Claudio ; da Rosa, Michelle Melgarejo ; Pereira, Michelly Cristiny ; Pitta, Maira Galdino da Rocha ; de Melo Rêgo, Moacyr Jesus Barreto</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c313t-62ecac9c6c4466cf3ba4b2483809734e0df4476b499ba7c9c06b2544908261233</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Anemia</topic><topic>Angiogenesis</topic><topic>Apoptosis</topic><topic>Biomarkers</topic><topic>Biomarkers, Tumor - blood</topic><topic>Blood cancer</topic><topic>Bone marrow</topic><topic>Cancer</topic><topic>Cluster analysis</topic><topic>Creatinine</topic><topic>Development and progression</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Diabetic nephropathy</topic><topic>Extracellular matrix</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Galectins - blood</topic><topic>Generalized linear models</topic><topic>Hematology</topic><topic>Hemoglobin</topic><topic>Homeostasis</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Inflammation</topic><topic>Kidney - pathology</topic><topic>Kidney diseases</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical prognosis</topic><topic>Medical research</topic><topic>Medicine, Experimental</topic><topic>Metastasis</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Multiple myeloma</topic><topic>Multiple Myeloma - blood</topic><topic>Multiple Myeloma - complications</topic><topic>Multiple Myeloma - pathology</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Plasma</topic><topic>Prognosis</topic><topic>Protein binding</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Statistical significance</topic><topic>Survival analysis</topic><topic>Urea</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Carvalho, Lidiane Vasconcelos do Nascimento</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Assis, Reijane Alves</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Montenegro, Claudio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>da Rosa, Michelle Melgarejo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pereira, Michelly Cristiny</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pitta, Maira Galdino da Rocha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Melo Rêgo, Moacyr Jesus Barreto</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>International journal of molecular sciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Carvalho, Lidiane Vasconcelos do Nascimento</au><au>Assis, Reijane Alves</au><au>Montenegro, Claudio</au><au>da Rosa, Michelle Melgarejo</au><au>Pereira, Michelly Cristiny</au><au>Pitta, Maira Galdino da Rocha</au><au>de Melo Rêgo, Moacyr Jesus Barreto</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Galectin Plasmatic Levels Reveal a Cluster Associated with Disease Aggressiveness and Kidney Damage in Multiple Myeloma Patients</atitle><jtitle>International journal of molecular sciences</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Mol Sci</addtitle><date>2024-12-17</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>25</volume><issue>24</issue><spage>13499</spage><pages>13499-</pages><issn>1422-0067</issn><issn>1661-6596</issn><eissn>1422-0067</eissn><abstract>Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant disease characterized by the proliferation of plasma cells, primarily in the bone marrow. It accounts for approximately 1% of all cancers and 10% of hematologic malignancies. Clinical manifestations include hypercalcemia, anemia, renal failure, and bone lesions. The pathogenesis of MM involves complex interactions between myeloma cells and their microenvironment. Galectins, a family of β-galactoside-binding proteins, particularly galectin-1, -3, -4, -7, and -9, have been implicated in MM development. This study aimed to assess the plasma levels of these galectins in newly diagnosed MM patients and explore their correlation with clinical parameters. Peripheral blood samples were collected from patients at the Oncohematology Service of the Hospital de Câncer de Pernambuco, and galectin levels were measured using ELISA. Plasma levels of galectins-3, -7, and -9 were significantly higher in MM patients compared to the control group. Three clusters of MM patients were identified based on galectin plasma levels, with cluster 3, characterized by high levels of galectin-1, -4, and -7, being associated with a worse prognosis. A strong positive correlation was found between galectin-1, -4, and -7 levels and markers of kidney function (urea, creatinine, and β2-microglobulin), while negative correlations were observed with hematocrit and hemoglobin. Additionally, galectin-9 showed high accuracy in distinguishing MM patients from healthy controls (AUC = 0.931). Elevated galectin levels were indicative of disease aggressiveness and renal impairment in MM patients. Overall, our findings suggest that galectins-1, -4, -7, and -9 could serve as potential biomarkers for MM progression and severity, warranting further investigation into their utility in MM diagnosis and treatment.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>39769262</pmid><doi>10.3390/ijms252413499</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0163-3833</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1672-8202</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1883-6012</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Anemia Angiogenesis Apoptosis Biomarkers Biomarkers, Tumor - blood Blood cancer Bone marrow Cancer Cluster analysis Creatinine Development and progression Diabetes Diabetic nephropathy Extracellular matrix Female Galectins - blood Generalized linear models Hematology Hemoglobin Homeostasis Humans Inflammation Kidney - pathology Kidney diseases Male Medical prognosis Medical research Medicine, Experimental Metastasis Middle Aged Mortality Multiple myeloma Multiple Myeloma - blood Multiple Myeloma - complications Multiple Myeloma - pathology Patients Plasma Prognosis Protein binding Proteins Statistical significance Survival analysis Urea |
title | Galectin Plasmatic Levels Reveal a Cluster Associated with Disease Aggressiveness and Kidney Damage in Multiple Myeloma Patients |
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