Exploring the Epigenetic Landscape of Spermatozoa: Impact of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Supplementation on DNA Methylation and Hydroxymethylation
Reproductive success is dependent on gamete integrity, and oxidative stress alters male nuclei, meaning that no DNA repair is possible due to chromatin compaction. The composition of sperm makes it highly sensitive to reactive oxygen species (ROS) but, at the same time, ROS are needed for sperm phys...
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| creator | Hug, Elisa Renaud, Yoan Guiton, Rachel Ben Sassi, Mehdi Marcaillou, Charles Moazamian, Aron Gharagozloo, Parviz Drevet, Joël R Saez, Fabrice |
| description | Reproductive success is dependent on gamete integrity, and oxidative stress alters male nuclei, meaning that no DNA repair is possible due to chromatin compaction. The composition of sperm makes it highly sensitive to reactive oxygen species (ROS) but, at the same time, ROS are needed for sperm physiology. Over the past 30 years, much attention has been paid to the consequences of oxidative stress on sperm properties and the protective effects of antioxidant formulations to help fertility. Spermatozoa also carry epigenetic marks, critical for embryo development and the health of offspring. As DNA oxidative damage may disturb the sperm epigenome, we used an established mouse model of post-testicular sperm DNA oxidation to investigate sperm DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation. We also analyzed the potential corrective effect of oral antioxidant supplementation, proven to reduce sperm DNA oxidative damage, on sperm DNA methyl/hydroxymethyl marks. We show that sperm DNA oxidation is associated with a significant increase in overall hydroxymethylation. Oral antioxidant supplementation led to unexpected mild epigenetic changes. Antioxidant supplementation should not be proposed without proper clinical evaluation as it may alter sperm epigenetic marks, leading to a risk of paternally inherited epigenetic alterations. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/antiox13121520 |
| format | Article |
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The composition of sperm makes it highly sensitive to reactive oxygen species (ROS) but, at the same time, ROS are needed for sperm physiology. Over the past 30 years, much attention has been paid to the consequences of oxidative stress on sperm properties and the protective effects of antioxidant formulations to help fertility. Spermatozoa also carry epigenetic marks, critical for embryo development and the health of offspring. As DNA oxidative damage may disturb the sperm epigenome, we used an established mouse model of post-testicular sperm DNA oxidation to investigate sperm DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation. We also analyzed the potential corrective effect of oral antioxidant supplementation, proven to reduce sperm DNA oxidative damage, on sperm DNA methyl/hydroxymethyl marks. We show that sperm DNA oxidation is associated with a significant increase in overall hydroxymethylation. Oral antioxidant supplementation led to unexpected mild epigenetic changes. Antioxidant supplementation should not be proposed without proper clinical evaluation as it may alter sperm epigenetic marks, leading to a risk of paternally inherited epigenetic alterations.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2076-3921</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2076-3921</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/antiox13121520</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39765848</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Animals ; Antibodies ; antioxidant ; Antioxidants ; Chromatin ; Dietary supplements ; DNA ; DNA damage ; DNA hydroxymethylation ; DNA methylation ; DNA repair ; Embryonic development ; epigenetic ; Epigenetic inheritance ; Epigenetics ; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ; Fertility ; Genetic testing ; Genomes ; male fertility ; Metabolism ; Methylation ; Oxidative stress ; Physiological aspects ; Reactive oxygen species ; Sperm ; Spermatogenesis ; Spermatozoa</subject><ispartof>Antioxidants, 2024-12, Vol.13 (12), p.1520</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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The composition of sperm makes it highly sensitive to reactive oxygen species (ROS) but, at the same time, ROS are needed for sperm physiology. Over the past 30 years, much attention has been paid to the consequences of oxidative stress on sperm properties and the protective effects of antioxidant formulations to help fertility. Spermatozoa also carry epigenetic marks, critical for embryo development and the health of offspring. As DNA oxidative damage may disturb the sperm epigenome, we used an established mouse model of post-testicular sperm DNA oxidation to investigate sperm DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation. We also analyzed the potential corrective effect of oral antioxidant supplementation, proven to reduce sperm DNA oxidative damage, on sperm DNA methyl/hydroxymethyl marks. We show that sperm DNA oxidation is associated with a significant increase in overall hydroxymethylation. Oral antioxidant supplementation led to unexpected mild epigenetic changes. Antioxidant supplementation should not be proposed without proper clinical evaluation as it may alter sperm epigenetic marks, leading to a risk of paternally inherited epigenetic alterations.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>39765848</pmid><doi>10.3390/antiox13121520</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3077-6558</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4036-8315</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9570-3777</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1291-4390</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animals Antibodies antioxidant Antioxidants Chromatin Dietary supplements DNA DNA damage DNA hydroxymethylation DNA methylation DNA repair Embryonic development epigenetic Epigenetic inheritance Epigenetics Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid Fertility Genetic testing Genomes male fertility Metabolism Methylation Oxidative stress Physiological aspects Reactive oxygen species Sperm Spermatogenesis Spermatozoa |
| title | Exploring the Epigenetic Landscape of Spermatozoa: Impact of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Supplementation on DNA Methylation and Hydroxymethylation |
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