Alterations in the metabolic signature of full-term infants of diabetic mothers
Background Maternal diabetes during pregnancy may alter the metabolomic profile of the offspring, increasing the risk of perinatal complications and potentially predisposing them to adverse metabolic consequences during later life. To assess this risk, we aimed to study the levels of amino acids and...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics 2024-12, Vol.25 (1), p.152 |
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| creator | Awad, Hesham A. Gad, Ghada I. Khalifa, Ola A. Ibrahim, Amal A. Shinkar, Dina M. |
| description | Background
Maternal diabetes during pregnancy may alter the metabolomic profile of the offspring, increasing the risk of perinatal complications and potentially predisposing them to adverse metabolic consequences during later life. To assess this risk, we aimed to study the levels of amino acids and acylcarnitines in the cord blood of infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs).
Methods
Fifty term-IDMs were compared to 25 healthy newborns. Of the diabetic mothers, 37 had gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and 13 had pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM). Amino acid and acylcarnitine concentrations were measured in dried spot samples of cord blood using ultra-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS).
Results
We observed significantly higher levels of valine, aspartic acid, the leucine-to-isoleucine (Leu:Ile), and leucine-to-phenylalanine (Leu:Phe), and decreased values of methionine and the phenylalanine-to-tyrosine (Phe:Tyr) in neonates in the GDM group compared to controls. Neonates of mothers with GDM showed higher levels of C2-carnitine, C5-carnitine, C5:1, and C4-OH (C3-DC) compared to controls. Neonates of mothers with PGDM also showed higher levels of C2-carnitine, C0-carnitine, and C5:1 compared to controls. There were no significant differences in amino acids or acylcarnitine levels between IDMs with GDMs and PGDMs. Principle component analysis (PCA) showed that principal component 1 (PC1) was responsible for the majority of differences between IDMs and controls. PC1 consisted of aspartic, valine, leu:lle, C4-OH(C3-DC), C2-carnitine, C0-carinitine, C5-carnitine, C18:1, and C16:1. Variable importance in projection (VIP) scores based on PLS-DA loadings showed high values for aspartic, valine, leu:lle, Leu:Phe, C4-OH(C3-DC), C2-carnitine, C0-carnitine, C5:1, C5-DC, C18:1, C16:1, C5-carnitine in IDMs, and high values for Met:Phe, methionine, and Phe:Tyr in controls.
Conclusion
Maternal diabetes leads to alterations in amino acid concentrations and the carnitine shuttle pathway of their offspring. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1186/s43042-024-00615-1 |
| format | Article |
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Maternal diabetes during pregnancy may alter the metabolomic profile of the offspring, increasing the risk of perinatal complications and potentially predisposing them to adverse metabolic consequences during later life. To assess this risk, we aimed to study the levels of amino acids and acylcarnitines in the cord blood of infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs).
Methods
Fifty term-IDMs were compared to 25 healthy newborns. Of the diabetic mothers, 37 had gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and 13 had pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM). Amino acid and acylcarnitine concentrations were measured in dried spot samples of cord blood using ultra-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS).
Results
We observed significantly higher levels of valine, aspartic acid, the leucine-to-isoleucine (Leu:Ile), and leucine-to-phenylalanine (Leu:Phe), and decreased values of methionine and the phenylalanine-to-tyrosine (Phe:Tyr) in neonates in the GDM group compared to controls. Neonates of mothers with GDM showed higher levels of C2-carnitine, C5-carnitine, C5:1, and C4-OH (C3-DC) compared to controls. Neonates of mothers with PGDM also showed higher levels of C2-carnitine, C0-carnitine, and C5:1 compared to controls. There were no significant differences in amino acids or acylcarnitine levels between IDMs with GDMs and PGDMs. Principle component analysis (PCA) showed that principal component 1 (PC1) was responsible for the majority of differences between IDMs and controls. PC1 consisted of aspartic, valine, leu:lle, C4-OH(C3-DC), C2-carnitine, C0-carinitine, C5-carnitine, C18:1, and C16:1. Variable importance in projection (VIP) scores based on PLS-DA loadings showed high values for aspartic, valine, leu:lle, Leu:Phe, C4-OH(C3-DC), C2-carnitine, C0-carnitine, C5:1, C5-DC, C18:1, C16:1, C5-carnitine in IDMs, and high values for Met:Phe, methionine, and Phe:Tyr in controls.
Conclusion
Maternal diabetes leads to alterations in amino acid concentrations and the carnitine shuttle pathway of their offspring.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1110-8630</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2090-2441</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1186/s43042-024-00615-1</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Amino acids ; Aspartic acid ; Blood levels ; Body mass index ; Carnitine ; Cord blood ; Diabetes mellitus ; Infants ; Isoleucine ; Liquid chromatography ; Mass spectroscopy ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Metabolites ; Metabolomics ; Methionine ; Neonates ; Obesity ; Offspring ; Phenylalanine ; Pregnancy complications ; Principal components analysis ; Valine ; Womens health</subject><ispartof>Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics, 2024-12, Vol.25 (1), p.152</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2024</rights><rights>Copyright Springer Nature B.V. Dec 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,864,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Awad, Hesham A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gad, Ghada I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khalifa, Ola A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ibrahim, Amal A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shinkar, Dina M.</creatorcontrib><title>Alterations in the metabolic signature of full-term infants of diabetic mothers</title><title>Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics</title><addtitle>Egypt J Med Hum Genet</addtitle><description>Background
Maternal diabetes during pregnancy may alter the metabolomic profile of the offspring, increasing the risk of perinatal complications and potentially predisposing them to adverse metabolic consequences during later life. To assess this risk, we aimed to study the levels of amino acids and acylcarnitines in the cord blood of infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs).
Methods
Fifty term-IDMs were compared to 25 healthy newborns. Of the diabetic mothers, 37 had gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and 13 had pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM). Amino acid and acylcarnitine concentrations were measured in dried spot samples of cord blood using ultra-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS).
Results
We observed significantly higher levels of valine, aspartic acid, the leucine-to-isoleucine (Leu:Ile), and leucine-to-phenylalanine (Leu:Phe), and decreased values of methionine and the phenylalanine-to-tyrosine (Phe:Tyr) in neonates in the GDM group compared to controls. Neonates of mothers with GDM showed higher levels of C2-carnitine, C5-carnitine, C5:1, and C4-OH (C3-DC) compared to controls. Neonates of mothers with PGDM also showed higher levels of C2-carnitine, C0-carnitine, and C5:1 compared to controls. There were no significant differences in amino acids or acylcarnitine levels between IDMs with GDMs and PGDMs. Principle component analysis (PCA) showed that principal component 1 (PC1) was responsible for the majority of differences between IDMs and controls. PC1 consisted of aspartic, valine, leu:lle, C4-OH(C3-DC), C2-carnitine, C0-carinitine, C5-carnitine, C18:1, and C16:1. Variable importance in projection (VIP) scores based on PLS-DA loadings showed high values for aspartic, valine, leu:lle, Leu:Phe, C4-OH(C3-DC), C2-carnitine, C0-carnitine, C5:1, C5-DC, C18:1, C16:1, C5-carnitine in IDMs, and high values for Met:Phe, methionine, and Phe:Tyr in controls.
Conclusion
Maternal diabetes leads to alterations in amino acid concentrations and the carnitine shuttle pathway of their offspring.</description><subject>Amino acids</subject><subject>Aspartic acid</subject><subject>Blood levels</subject><subject>Body mass index</subject><subject>Carnitine</subject><subject>Cord blood</subject><subject>Diabetes mellitus</subject><subject>Infants</subject><subject>Isoleucine</subject><subject>Liquid chromatography</subject><subject>Mass spectroscopy</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Metabolites</subject><subject>Metabolomics</subject><subject>Methionine</subject><subject>Neonates</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Offspring</subject><subject>Phenylalanine</subject><subject>Pregnancy complications</subject><subject>Principal components analysis</subject><subject>Valine</subject><subject>Womens health</subject><issn>1110-8630</issn><issn>2090-2441</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNpF0MtqwzAQBVBRWmia9ge6MnStdkYaW_IyhL4gkE32Qral1MGxU0n-_ypNoauB4cyDy9gjwjOirl4iSSDBQRAHqLDkeMUWAmrgggiv2QIRgetKwi27i_GQUSkVLdh2NSQXbOqnMRb9WKQvVxxdss009G0R-_1o0xxcMfnCz8PAMz5m5-2Y4rnZ9bZxKdPjlEdDvGc33g7RPfzVJdu9ve7WH3yzff9crzb8pARy2zQdlqXqlGoV5K-1k1pZrbzTNRB5SeBqjZLqtqtAW99RixJJWGyRlFyyp8vaU5i-ZxeTOUxzGPNFk5USGkpVZiUvKp5CP-5d-FcI5hycuQRn8gvmNziD8gcIcmAE</recordid><startdate>20241219</startdate><enddate>20241219</enddate><creator>Awad, Hesham A.</creator><creator>Gad, Ghada I.</creator><creator>Khalifa, Ola A.</creator><creator>Ibrahim, Amal A.</creator><creator>Shinkar, Dina M.</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>CWDGH</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20241219</creationdate><title>Alterations in the metabolic signature of full-term infants of diabetic mothers</title><author>Awad, Hesham A. ; Gad, Ghada I. ; Khalifa, Ola A. ; Ibrahim, Amal A. ; Shinkar, Dina M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-p721-abbd1557d77c700248e387a87fe89044f340e981349cd608afd4c13142a1c1473</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Amino acids</topic><topic>Aspartic acid</topic><topic>Blood levels</topic><topic>Body mass index</topic><topic>Carnitine</topic><topic>Cord blood</topic><topic>Diabetes mellitus</topic><topic>Infants</topic><topic>Isoleucine</topic><topic>Liquid chromatography</topic><topic>Mass spectroscopy</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Metabolites</topic><topic>Metabolomics</topic><topic>Methionine</topic><topic>Neonates</topic><topic>Obesity</topic><topic>Offspring</topic><topic>Phenylalanine</topic><topic>Pregnancy complications</topic><topic>Principal components analysis</topic><topic>Valine</topic><topic>Womens health</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Awad, Hesham A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gad, Ghada I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khalifa, Ola A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ibrahim, Amal A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shinkar, Dina M.</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Middle East & Africa Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><jtitle>Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Awad, Hesham A.</au><au>Gad, Ghada I.</au><au>Khalifa, Ola A.</au><au>Ibrahim, Amal A.</au><au>Shinkar, Dina M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Alterations in the metabolic signature of full-term infants of diabetic mothers</atitle><jtitle>Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics</jtitle><stitle>Egypt J Med Hum Genet</stitle><date>2024-12-19</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>152</spage><pages>152-</pages><issn>1110-8630</issn><eissn>2090-2441</eissn><abstract>Background
Maternal diabetes during pregnancy may alter the metabolomic profile of the offspring, increasing the risk of perinatal complications and potentially predisposing them to adverse metabolic consequences during later life. To assess this risk, we aimed to study the levels of amino acids and acylcarnitines in the cord blood of infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs).
Methods
Fifty term-IDMs were compared to 25 healthy newborns. Of the diabetic mothers, 37 had gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and 13 had pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM). Amino acid and acylcarnitine concentrations were measured in dried spot samples of cord blood using ultra-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS).
Results
We observed significantly higher levels of valine, aspartic acid, the leucine-to-isoleucine (Leu:Ile), and leucine-to-phenylalanine (Leu:Phe), and decreased values of methionine and the phenylalanine-to-tyrosine (Phe:Tyr) in neonates in the GDM group compared to controls. Neonates of mothers with GDM showed higher levels of C2-carnitine, C5-carnitine, C5:1, and C4-OH (C3-DC) compared to controls. Neonates of mothers with PGDM also showed higher levels of C2-carnitine, C0-carnitine, and C5:1 compared to controls. There were no significant differences in amino acids or acylcarnitine levels between IDMs with GDMs and PGDMs. Principle component analysis (PCA) showed that principal component 1 (PC1) was responsible for the majority of differences between IDMs and controls. PC1 consisted of aspartic, valine, leu:lle, C4-OH(C3-DC), C2-carnitine, C0-carinitine, C5-carnitine, C18:1, and C16:1. Variable importance in projection (VIP) scores based on PLS-DA loadings showed high values for aspartic, valine, leu:lle, Leu:Phe, C4-OH(C3-DC), C2-carnitine, C0-carnitine, C5:1, C5-DC, C18:1, C16:1, C5-carnitine in IDMs, and high values for Met:Phe, methionine, and Phe:Tyr in controls.
Conclusion
Maternal diabetes leads to alterations in amino acid concentrations and the carnitine shuttle pathway of their offspring.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><doi>10.1186/s43042-024-00615-1</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Amino acids Aspartic acid Blood levels Body mass index Carnitine Cord blood Diabetes mellitus Infants Isoleucine Liquid chromatography Mass spectroscopy Medicine Medicine & Public Health Metabolites Metabolomics Methionine Neonates Obesity Offspring Phenylalanine Pregnancy complications Principal components analysis Valine Womens health |
| title | Alterations in the metabolic signature of full-term infants of diabetic mothers |
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