Glioma-Derived Exosomes and Their Application as Drug Nanoparticles

Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive primary tumor of the Central Nervous System (CNS) with a low survival rate. The malignancy of GBM is sustained by a bidirectional crosstalk between tumor cells and the Tumor Microenvironment (TME). This mechanism of intercellular communication is...

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Veröffentlicht in:International journal of molecular sciences 2024-12, Vol.25 (23), p.12524
Hauptverfasser: Mastantuono, Serena, Manini, Ivana, Di Loreto, Carla, Beltrami, Antonio Paolo, Vindigni, Marco, Cesselli, Daniela
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container_issue 23
container_start_page 12524
container_title International journal of molecular sciences
container_volume 25
creator Mastantuono, Serena
Manini, Ivana
Di Loreto, Carla
Beltrami, Antonio Paolo
Vindigni, Marco
Cesselli, Daniela
description Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive primary tumor of the Central Nervous System (CNS) with a low survival rate. The malignancy of GBM is sustained by a bidirectional crosstalk between tumor cells and the Tumor Microenvironment (TME). This mechanism of intercellular communication is mediated, at least in part, by the release of exosomes. Glioma-Derived Exosomes (GDEs) work, indeed, as potent signaling particles promoting the progression of brain tumors by inducing tumor proliferation, invasion, migration, angiogenesis and resistance to chemotherapy or radiation. Given their nanoscale size, exosomes can cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB), thus becoming not only a promising biomarker to predict diagnosis and prognosis but also a therapeutic target to treat GBM. In this review, we describe the structural and functional characteristics of exosomes and their involvement in GBM development, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. In addition, we discuss how exosomes can be modified to be used as a therapeutic target/drug delivery system for clinical applications.
doi_str_mv 10.3390/ijms252312524
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subjects Angiogenesis
Apoptosis
Biosynthesis
Cancer
Communication
Drug resistance
Extracellular matrix
Extracellular vesicles
Glioma
Kinases
Ligands
Medical prognosis
Metastasis
Motility
Physiology
Plasma
Proteins
Stem cells
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
title Glioma-Derived Exosomes and Their Application as Drug Nanoparticles
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