Inferring the concentration of dark matter subhaloes perturbing strongly lensed images
ABSTRACT We demonstrate that the perturbations of strongly lensed images by low-mass dark matter subhaloes are significantly impacted by the concentration of the perturbing subhalo. For subhalo concentrations expected in Lambda cold dark matter (ΛCDM), significant constraints on the concentration ca...
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description | ABSTRACT
We demonstrate that the perturbations of strongly lensed images by low-mass dark matter subhaloes are significantly impacted by the concentration of the perturbing subhalo. For subhalo concentrations expected in Lambda cold dark matter (ΛCDM), significant constraints on the concentration can be obtained at Hubble Space Telescope (HST) resolution for subhaloes with masses larger than about $10^{10}\, {\rm M}_\odot$. Constraints are also possible for lower mass subhaloes, if their concentrations are higher than the expected scatter in CDM. We also find that the concentration of lower mass perturbers down to $\sim 10^8\, {\rm M}_\odot$ can be well constrained with a resolution of ∼0.01 arcsec, which is achievable with long-baseline interferometry. Subhalo concentration also plays a critical role in the detectability of a perturbation, such that only high-concentration perturbers with mass $\lesssim 10^9\, {\rm M}_\odot$ are likely to be detected at HST resolution. If scatter in the ΛCDM mass–concentration relation is not accounted for during lens modelling, the inferred subhalo mass can be biased by up to a factor of 3 (6) for subhaloes of mass $10^9 \, {\rm M}_\odot \,(10^{10} \, {\rm M}_\odot$); this bias can be eliminated if one varies both mass and concentration during lens fitting. Alternatively, one may robustly infer the projected mass within the subhalo’s perturbation radius, defined by its distance to the critical curve of the lens being perturbed. With a sufficient number of detections, these strategies will make it possible to constrain the halo mass–concentration relation at low masses in addition to the mass function, offering a probe of dark matter physics as well as the small-scale primordial power spectrum. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1093/mnras/stab2209 |
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We demonstrate that the perturbations of strongly lensed images by low-mass dark matter subhaloes are significantly impacted by the concentration of the perturbing subhalo. For subhalo concentrations expected in Lambda cold dark matter (ΛCDM), significant constraints on the concentration can be obtained at Hubble Space Telescope (HST) resolution for subhaloes with masses larger than about $10^{10}\, {\rm M}_\odot$. Constraints are also possible for lower mass subhaloes, if their concentrations are higher than the expected scatter in CDM. We also find that the concentration of lower mass perturbers down to $\sim 10^8\, {\rm M}_\odot$ can be well constrained with a resolution of ∼0.01 arcsec, which is achievable with long-baseline interferometry. Subhalo concentration also plays a critical role in the detectability of a perturbation, such that only high-concentration perturbers with mass $\lesssim 10^9\, {\rm M}_\odot$ are likely to be detected at HST resolution. If scatter in the ΛCDM mass–concentration relation is not accounted for during lens modelling, the inferred subhalo mass can be biased by up to a factor of 3 (6) for subhaloes of mass $10^9 \, {\rm M}_\odot \,(10^{10} \, {\rm M}_\odot$); this bias can be eliminated if one varies both mass and concentration during lens fitting. Alternatively, one may robustly infer the projected mass within the subhalo’s perturbation radius, defined by its distance to the critical curve of the lens being perturbed. With a sufficient number of detections, these strategies will make it possible to constrain the halo mass–concentration relation at low masses in addition to the mass function, offering a probe of dark matter physics as well as the small-scale primordial power spectrum.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0035-8711</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-2966</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stab2209</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Cold dark matter ; Constraints ; Dark matter ; Hubble Space Telescope ; Lenses ; Perturbation ; Scattering ; Space telescopes</subject><ispartof>Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2021-10, Vol.507 (1), p.1202-1215</ispartof><rights>2021 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society 2021</rights><rights>2021 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c301t-2d79bcd86beb67deea277ed173ff93c8c5d17ab2c3483887a9459a7b0a7301323</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c301t-2d79bcd86beb67deea277ed173ff93c8c5d17ab2c3483887a9459a7b0a7301323</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-4270-6453</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1604,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab2209$$EView_record_in_Oxford_University_Press$$FView_record_in_$$GOxford_University_Press</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Minor, Quinn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaplinghat, Manoj</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chan, Tony H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Simon, Emily</creatorcontrib><title>Inferring the concentration of dark matter subhaloes perturbing strongly lensed images</title><title>Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</title><description>ABSTRACT
We demonstrate that the perturbations of strongly lensed images by low-mass dark matter subhaloes are significantly impacted by the concentration of the perturbing subhalo. For subhalo concentrations expected in Lambda cold dark matter (ΛCDM), significant constraints on the concentration can be obtained at Hubble Space Telescope (HST) resolution for subhaloes with masses larger than about $10^{10}\, {\rm M}_\odot$. Constraints are also possible for lower mass subhaloes, if their concentrations are higher than the expected scatter in CDM. We also find that the concentration of lower mass perturbers down to $\sim 10^8\, {\rm M}_\odot$ can be well constrained with a resolution of ∼0.01 arcsec, which is achievable with long-baseline interferometry. Subhalo concentration also plays a critical role in the detectability of a perturbation, such that only high-concentration perturbers with mass $\lesssim 10^9\, {\rm M}_\odot$ are likely to be detected at HST resolution. If scatter in the ΛCDM mass–concentration relation is not accounted for during lens modelling, the inferred subhalo mass can be biased by up to a factor of 3 (6) for subhaloes of mass $10^9 \, {\rm M}_\odot \,(10^{10} \, {\rm M}_\odot$); this bias can be eliminated if one varies both mass and concentration during lens fitting. Alternatively, one may robustly infer the projected mass within the subhalo’s perturbation radius, defined by its distance to the critical curve of the lens being perturbed. With a sufficient number of detections, these strategies will make it possible to constrain the halo mass–concentration relation at low masses in addition to the mass function, offering a probe of dark matter physics as well as the small-scale primordial power spectrum.</description><subject>Cold dark matter</subject><subject>Constraints</subject><subject>Dark matter</subject><subject>Hubble Space Telescope</subject><subject>Lenses</subject><subject>Perturbation</subject><subject>Scattering</subject><subject>Space telescopes</subject><issn>0035-8711</issn><issn>1365-2966</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkLtPwzAQhy0EEqWwMltiYkjrRxLHI6p4VKrEAqyR7Vz6ILXD2Rn635NSmJnuhu-7x4-QW85mnGk533s0cR6TsUIwfUYmXJZFJnRZnpMJY7LIKsX5JbmKcccYy6UoJ-Rj6VtA3Po1TRugLngHPqFJ2-BpaGlj8JPuTUqANA52Y7oAkfaAaUB7tGLC4NfdgXbgIzR0uzdriNfkojVdhJvfOiXvT49vi5ds9fq8XDysMicZT5lolLauqUoLtlQNgBFKQcOVbFstXeWKsR__cTKvZFUpo_NCG2WZUaMvhZySu9PcHsPXADHVuzCgH1fWkkvOhFAFH6nZiXIYYkRo6x7HO_FQc1Yfs6t_sqv_shuF-5MQhv4_9hv4u3Pj</recordid><startdate>20211001</startdate><enddate>20211001</enddate><creator>Minor, Quinn</creator><creator>Kaplinghat, Manoj</creator><creator>Chan, Tony H</creator><creator>Simon, Emily</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4270-6453</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20211001</creationdate><title>Inferring the concentration of dark matter subhaloes perturbing strongly lensed images</title><author>Minor, Quinn ; Kaplinghat, Manoj ; Chan, Tony H ; Simon, Emily</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c301t-2d79bcd86beb67deea277ed173ff93c8c5d17ab2c3483887a9459a7b0a7301323</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Cold dark matter</topic><topic>Constraints</topic><topic>Dark matter</topic><topic>Hubble Space Telescope</topic><topic>Lenses</topic><topic>Perturbation</topic><topic>Scattering</topic><topic>Space telescopes</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Minor, Quinn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaplinghat, Manoj</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chan, Tony H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Simon, Emily</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Minor, Quinn</au><au>Kaplinghat, Manoj</au><au>Chan, Tony H</au><au>Simon, Emily</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Inferring the concentration of dark matter subhaloes perturbing strongly lensed images</atitle><jtitle>Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</jtitle><date>2021-10-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>507</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>1202</spage><epage>1215</epage><pages>1202-1215</pages><issn>0035-8711</issn><eissn>1365-2966</eissn><abstract>ABSTRACT
We demonstrate that the perturbations of strongly lensed images by low-mass dark matter subhaloes are significantly impacted by the concentration of the perturbing subhalo. For subhalo concentrations expected in Lambda cold dark matter (ΛCDM), significant constraints on the concentration can be obtained at Hubble Space Telescope (HST) resolution for subhaloes with masses larger than about $10^{10}\, {\rm M}_\odot$. Constraints are also possible for lower mass subhaloes, if their concentrations are higher than the expected scatter in CDM. We also find that the concentration of lower mass perturbers down to $\sim 10^8\, {\rm M}_\odot$ can be well constrained with a resolution of ∼0.01 arcsec, which is achievable with long-baseline interferometry. Subhalo concentration also plays a critical role in the detectability of a perturbation, such that only high-concentration perturbers with mass $\lesssim 10^9\, {\rm M}_\odot$ are likely to be detected at HST resolution. If scatter in the ΛCDM mass–concentration relation is not accounted for during lens modelling, the inferred subhalo mass can be biased by up to a factor of 3 (6) for subhaloes of mass $10^9 \, {\rm M}_\odot \,(10^{10} \, {\rm M}_\odot$); this bias can be eliminated if one varies both mass and concentration during lens fitting. Alternatively, one may robustly infer the projected mass within the subhalo’s perturbation radius, defined by its distance to the critical curve of the lens being perturbed. With a sufficient number of detections, these strategies will make it possible to constrain the halo mass–concentration relation at low masses in addition to the mass function, offering a probe of dark matter physics as well as the small-scale primordial power spectrum.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><doi>10.1093/mnras/stab2209</doi><tpages>14</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4270-6453</orcidid></addata></record> |
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title | Inferring the concentration of dark matter subhaloes perturbing strongly lensed images |
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