The Extent to which Relaxin Promotes Proliferation and Inhibits Apoptosis of Cervical Epithelial and Stromal Cells Is Greatest during Late Pregnancy in Rats

Relaxin promotes marked growth of the cervix during the second half of rat pregnancy, and this growth is accompanied by an increase in both epithelial and stromal cells. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that the extent to which relaxin promotes proliferation and inhibits apopto...

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Veröffentlicht in:Endocrinology (Philadelphia) 2005-01, Vol.146 (1), p.511-518
Hauptverfasser: Lee, Hyung-Yul, Zhao, Shuangping, Fields, P. A, Sherwood, O. D
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Zhao, Shuangping
Fields, P. A
Sherwood, O. D
description Relaxin promotes marked growth of the cervix during the second half of rat pregnancy, and this growth is accompanied by an increase in both epithelial and stromal cells. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that the extent to which relaxin promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of cervical cells is greatest during late pregnancy in rats. The influence of neutralization of circulating relaxin by iv injection of 5 mg monoclonal antibody against rat relaxin (MCA1) was examined at 3-d intervals throughout the second half of pregnancy. Controls were injected with either 5 mg monoclonal antibody against fluorescein or 0.5 ml PBS vehicle. To evaluate cell proliferation, 5′-bromo-2-deoxyuridine was injected sc 8 h before cervixes were collected. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine 5′-triphosphate nick end-labeling and electron microscopy were used to detect apoptotic cells. Neutralization of relaxin with MCA1 decreased the rate of proliferation and increased the rate of apoptosis of cervical cells by d 13. However, the extent to which relaxin influenced these processes was greatest and dramatic by late pregnancy. In MCA1-treated rats on d 22 of pregnancy, the rates of proliferation of both epithelial and stromal cells were less than 20% those in controls, and the rates of apoptosis in epithelial cells and stromal cells were more than 10- and 3-fold, respectively, greater than those in controls. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that the extent to which relaxin promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of cervical epithelial and stromal cells is greatest during late pregnancy.
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Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine 5′-triphosphate nick end-labeling and electron microscopy were used to detect apoptotic cells. Neutralization of relaxin with MCA1 decreased the rate of proliferation and increased the rate of apoptosis of cervical cells by d 13. However, the extent to which relaxin influenced these processes was greatest and dramatic by late pregnancy. In MCA1-treated rats on d 22 of pregnancy, the rates of proliferation of both epithelial and stromal cells were less than 20% those in controls, and the rates of apoptosis in epithelial cells and stromal cells were more than 10- and 3-fold, respectively, greater than those in controls. 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A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sherwood, O. D</creatorcontrib><title>The Extent to which Relaxin Promotes Proliferation and Inhibits Apoptosis of Cervical Epithelial and Stromal Cells Is Greatest during Late Pregnancy in Rats</title><title>Endocrinology (Philadelphia)</title><addtitle>Endocrinology</addtitle><description>Relaxin promotes marked growth of the cervix during the second half of rat pregnancy, and this growth is accompanied by an increase in both epithelial and stromal cells. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that the extent to which relaxin promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of cervical cells is greatest during late pregnancy in rats. The influence of neutralization of circulating relaxin by iv injection of 5 mg monoclonal antibody against rat relaxin (MCA1) was examined at 3-d intervals throughout the second half of pregnancy. Controls were injected with either 5 mg monoclonal antibody against fluorescein or 0.5 ml PBS vehicle. 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Psychology</subject><subject>Gestational Age</subject><subject>Microscopy, Electron</subject><subject>Monoclonal antibodies</subject><subject>Neutralization</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Pregnancy, Animal - physiology</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</subject><subject>Relaxin</subject><subject>Relaxin - physiology</subject><subject>Stromal cells</subject><subject>Stromal Cells - cytology</subject><subject>Stromal Cells - physiology</subject><subject>Stromal Cells - ultrastructure</subject><subject>Vertebrates: endocrinology</subject><issn>0013-7227</issn><issn>1945-7170</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kdFrFDEQxoMo9qy--SwBEV_cmmyS3ctjOc56cKDU-ryk2dluyl6yJtna_i_-sc5yC_eiEMgM_Pi-mfkIecvZBS85-wz-omRMFqzW1TOy4lqqouY1e05WjHFR1GVZn5FXKd1jK6UUL8kZV1Kv15qvyJ-bHuj2MYPPNAf6u3e2p9cwmEfn6fcYDiFDmovBdRBNdsFT41u68727dTnRyzGMOSSXaOjoBuKDs2ag29HlHgaH5Uz_yKiE9QaGIdFdolcRDApn2k7R-Tu6xw5d4M4bb58oel-bnF6TF50ZErxZ_nPy88v2ZvO12H-72m0u94WVguVCAQfRWa4ZbmdEx6zQsm6t1vPjar22TFYKRKtqJYxlutTKtNKsy0oy3Ylz8v6oO8bwa8KxmvswRY-WjeCCqUpWZYXUpyNlY0gpQteM0R1MfGo4a-YoGvDNHEUzR4H4u0V0uj1Ae4KX2yPwYQFMwpt1EVd36cRVGJaSArmPRy5M4_8si8VSHEnwbbB4WBgjpHTa5p-D_gXf0a7u</recordid><startdate>200501</startdate><enddate>200501</enddate><creator>Lee, Hyung-Yul</creator><creator>Zhao, Shuangping</creator><creator>Fields, P. 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In MCA1-treated rats on d 22 of pregnancy, the rates of proliferation of both epithelial and stromal cells were less than 20% those in controls, and the rates of apoptosis in epithelial cells and stromal cells were more than 10- and 3-fold, respectively, greater than those in controls. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that the extent to which relaxin promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of cervical epithelial and stromal cells is greatest during late pregnancy.</abstract><cop>Bethesda, MD</cop><pub>Endocrine Society</pub><pmid>15498891</pmid><doi>10.1210/en.2004-0796</doi><tpages>8</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Animals
Apoptosis
Apoptosis - physiology
Biological and medical sciences
Cell Proliferation
Cervix Uteri - cytology
Cervix Uteri - physiology
Cervix Uteri - ultrastructure
DNA nucleotidylexotransferase
Electron microscopy
Epithelial cells
Epithelial Cells - physiology
Epithelial Cells - ultrastructure
Epithelium
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gestational Age
Microscopy, Electron
Monoclonal antibodies
Neutralization
Pregnancy
Pregnancy, Animal - physiology
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Relaxin
Relaxin - physiology
Stromal cells
Stromal Cells - cytology
Stromal Cells - physiology
Stromal Cells - ultrastructure
Vertebrates: endocrinology
title The Extent to which Relaxin Promotes Proliferation and Inhibits Apoptosis of Cervical Epithelial and Stromal Cells Is Greatest during Late Pregnancy in Rats
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