Synergistic Benefits of Dietary Silymarin and Selenium on Growth, Immune Functions, Antioxidants, and Gut/Liver Health of Thinlip Mullet (Liza ramada) Juveniles
This study investigates the synergistic impact of silymarin (SI) levels combined with inorganic selenium (sodium selenite: Se) on growth, feed utilization, biochemical parameters, antioxidants, innate immunity, intestinal and liver histology, and gene expression of thinlip mullet ( ) juveniles. The...
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creator | Shehata, Akram Ismael Shahin, Shimaa A. Elmaghraby, Ayaat M. Alhoshy, Mayada Soliman, Ali A. Amer, Asem A. Habib, Yusuf Jibril Gewaily, Mahmoud S. El Basuini, Mohammed F. |
description | This study investigates the synergistic impact of silymarin (SI) levels combined with inorganic selenium (sodium selenite: Se) on growth, feed utilization, biochemical parameters, antioxidants, innate immunity, intestinal and liver histology, and gene expression of thinlip mullet (
) juveniles. The experimental design involved thinlip mullets initially weighing 3.5±0.13 g, distributed in a completely randomized design with 30 fish per hapa (0.5 × 0.5 × 1 m), and conducted in triplicate over 60 days. Seven experimental diets were employed, including a control (without SI and Se supplementation), a negative control (with only Se supplementation), and four treatments with varying levels of silymarin (250, 450, 650, 850 mg/kg) alongside selenium (0.5 mg/kg diet). The growth performance results highlighted significant enhancements in final body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate, particularly in the SI 850 mg/kg + Se treatment. Survival rates, feed intake, and feed conversion ratios showed positive trends across the SI-Se supplemented groups. Biochemical profiles of serum exhibited that the control diet induced elevated concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and urea, while Se or SI supplementation significantly mitigated these levels, with the lowest concentrations observed in the SI-Se supplemented groups. Moreover, SI supplementation increased serum protein content. Antioxidant enzyme activities, represented by superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and catalase (GPx), demonstrated notable improvements in the SI-Se fortified groups, with significantly elevated GPx activity compared to the Se-supplemented and control groups. Immune system responses, including lysozyme, bactericidal, nitro-blue tetrazolium (NBT%), and serum alternative complement pathway (ACH50) activities, were highest in the SI-Se augmented groups. SI and Se in
reduce liver pro-inflammatory gene expression (
) vs. control group. Histological examinations of the intestine and liver depicted structural enhancements, especially at moderate and high levels of SI with Se supplementation. The results indicate improved intestinal villi morphology and hepatic architecture, supporting the positive influence of dietary treatments on the health of thinlip mullet juveniles. In conclusion, the combined supplementation of SI at 850 mg/kg diet and Se at 0.5 mg/kg diet positively influenced the growth, biochemical profiles, antioxidant s |
doi_str_mv | 10.2478/aoas-2024-0044 |
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) juveniles. The experimental design involved thinlip mullets initially weighing 3.5±0.13 g, distributed in a completely randomized design with 30 fish per hapa (0.5 × 0.5 × 1 m), and conducted in triplicate over 60 days. Seven experimental diets were employed, including a control (without SI and Se supplementation), a negative control (with only Se supplementation), and four treatments with varying levels of silymarin (250, 450, 650, 850 mg/kg) alongside selenium (0.5 mg/kg diet). The growth performance results highlighted significant enhancements in final body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate, particularly in the SI 850 mg/kg + Se treatment. Survival rates, feed intake, and feed conversion ratios showed positive trends across the SI-Se supplemented groups. Biochemical profiles of serum exhibited that the control diet induced elevated concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and urea, while Se or SI supplementation significantly mitigated these levels, with the lowest concentrations observed in the SI-Se supplemented groups. Moreover, SI supplementation increased serum protein content. Antioxidant enzyme activities, represented by superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and catalase (GPx), demonstrated notable improvements in the SI-Se fortified groups, with significantly elevated GPx activity compared to the Se-supplemented and control groups. Immune system responses, including lysozyme, bactericidal, nitro-blue tetrazolium (NBT%), and serum alternative complement pathway (ACH50) activities, were highest in the SI-Se augmented groups. SI and Se in
reduce liver pro-inflammatory gene expression (
) vs. control group. Histological examinations of the intestine and liver depicted structural enhancements, especially at moderate and high levels of SI with Se supplementation. The results indicate improved intestinal villi morphology and hepatic architecture, supporting the positive influence of dietary treatments on the health of thinlip mullet juveniles. In conclusion, the combined supplementation of SI at 850 mg/kg diet and Se at 0.5 mg/kg diet positively influenced the growth, biochemical profiles, antioxidant status, immune responses, gene expression, and histological integrity of thinlip mullet juveniles, providing valuable insights for optimizing aquafeed formulations.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2300-8733</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1642-3402</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2300-8733</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2024-0044</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Kraków: Sciendo</publisher><subject>Alanine ; Alanine transaminase ; Antioxidants ; Aspartate aminotransferase ; bioactive supplementation ; Biochemistry ; Body weight ; Body weight gain ; Catalase ; Cholesterol ; Conversion ratio ; Design of experiments ; Diet ; Dietary supplements ; Enzymatic activity ; Experimental design ; Feed conversion ; gene ; Gene expression ; growth augmentation ; Hepcidin ; histological brilliance ; Histology ; Immune response ; Immune system ; immunity ; Innate immunity ; Intestine ; Juveniles ; Liver ; Liza ramada ; Lysozyme ; Minors ; Selenium ; Serum proteins ; Silymarin ; Sodium selenite ; Superoxide dismutase ; Survival ; Transaminases ; Urea</subject><ispartof>Annals of animal science, 2024-10, Vol.24 (4), p.1293-1309</ispartof><rights>2024. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c361t-3575df0d0d98ca2969c7c958a533ba8c804db4479809835d87e065af3a44d7c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c361t-3575df0d0d98ca2969c7c958a533ba8c804db4479809835d87e065af3a44d7c3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://sciendo.com/pdf/10.2478/aoas-2024-0044$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwalterdegruyter$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/aoas-2024-0044$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwalterdegruyter$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,778,782,27911,27912,75919,75920</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Shehata, Akram Ismael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shahin, Shimaa A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elmaghraby, Ayaat M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alhoshy, Mayada</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soliman, Ali A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Amer, Asem A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Habib, Yusuf Jibril</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gewaily, Mahmoud S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>El Basuini, Mohammed F.</creatorcontrib><title>Synergistic Benefits of Dietary Silymarin and Selenium on Growth, Immune Functions, Antioxidants, and Gut/Liver Health of Thinlip Mullet (Liza ramada) Juveniles</title><title>Annals of animal science</title><description>This study investigates the synergistic impact of silymarin (SI) levels combined with inorganic selenium (sodium selenite: Se) on growth, feed utilization, biochemical parameters, antioxidants, innate immunity, intestinal and liver histology, and gene expression of thinlip mullet (
) juveniles. The experimental design involved thinlip mullets initially weighing 3.5±0.13 g, distributed in a completely randomized design with 30 fish per hapa (0.5 × 0.5 × 1 m), and conducted in triplicate over 60 days. Seven experimental diets were employed, including a control (without SI and Se supplementation), a negative control (with only Se supplementation), and four treatments with varying levels of silymarin (250, 450, 650, 850 mg/kg) alongside selenium (0.5 mg/kg diet). The growth performance results highlighted significant enhancements in final body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate, particularly in the SI 850 mg/kg + Se treatment. Survival rates, feed intake, and feed conversion ratios showed positive trends across the SI-Se supplemented groups. Biochemical profiles of serum exhibited that the control diet induced elevated concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and urea, while Se or SI supplementation significantly mitigated these levels, with the lowest concentrations observed in the SI-Se supplemented groups. Moreover, SI supplementation increased serum protein content. Antioxidant enzyme activities, represented by superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and catalase (GPx), demonstrated notable improvements in the SI-Se fortified groups, with significantly elevated GPx activity compared to the Se-supplemented and control groups. Immune system responses, including lysozyme, bactericidal, nitro-blue tetrazolium (NBT%), and serum alternative complement pathway (ACH50) activities, were highest in the SI-Se augmented groups. SI and Se in
reduce liver pro-inflammatory gene expression (
) vs. control group. Histological examinations of the intestine and liver depicted structural enhancements, especially at moderate and high levels of SI with Se supplementation. The results indicate improved intestinal villi morphology and hepatic architecture, supporting the positive influence of dietary treatments on the health of thinlip mullet juveniles. In conclusion, the combined supplementation of SI at 850 mg/kg diet and Se at 0.5 mg/kg diet positively influenced the growth, biochemical profiles, antioxidant status, immune responses, gene expression, and histological integrity of thinlip mullet juveniles, providing valuable insights for optimizing aquafeed formulations.</description><subject>Alanine</subject><subject>Alanine transaminase</subject><subject>Antioxidants</subject><subject>Aspartate aminotransferase</subject><subject>bioactive supplementation</subject><subject>Biochemistry</subject><subject>Body weight</subject><subject>Body weight gain</subject><subject>Catalase</subject><subject>Cholesterol</subject><subject>Conversion ratio</subject><subject>Design of experiments</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Dietary supplements</subject><subject>Enzymatic activity</subject><subject>Experimental design</subject><subject>Feed conversion</subject><subject>gene</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>growth augmentation</subject><subject>Hepcidin</subject><subject>histological brilliance</subject><subject>Histology</subject><subject>Immune response</subject><subject>Immune system</subject><subject>immunity</subject><subject>Innate immunity</subject><subject>Intestine</subject><subject>Juveniles</subject><subject>Liver</subject><subject>Liza ramada</subject><subject>Lysozyme</subject><subject>Minors</subject><subject>Selenium</subject><subject>Serum proteins</subject><subject>Silymarin</subject><subject>Sodium selenite</subject><subject>Superoxide dismutase</subject><subject>Survival</subject><subject>Transaminases</subject><subject>Urea</subject><issn>2300-8733</issn><issn>1642-3402</issn><issn>2300-8733</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNptUU1P3DAQjaoiFQHXni1xaSUCTmwnzqEHCmUBLeph9x4N9oQ1SpytP6Dh1_BTcbRI7YG5zBvpvXmaeVn2taCnJa_lGYzg85KWPKeU80_ZfskozWXN2Of_8JfsyPtHmkrwqpJsP3tdTRbdg_HBKPITLXYmeDJ25NJgADeRlemnAZyxBKwmK-zRmjiQ0ZKFG5_D5oTcDEO0SK6iVcGM1p-Qc5vAX6PBhjTNukUMZ0vzhI5cI_RhMzusN8b2ZkvuYt9jIN-W5gWIgwE0fCe38SkZ9egPs70Oeo9H7_0gW1_9Wl9c58vfi5uL82WuWFWEnIla6I5qqhupoGyqRtWqERIEY_cglaRc33NeN5I2kgkta6SVgI4B57pW7CA73q3duvFPRB_axzE6mxxbVqS_Ci6FTKzTHUu50XuHXbt1Jn1nagvazjm0cw7tnEM755AEP3aC53Q1Oo0PLk4J_Nv-sbDkvCgbxt4AFnaQvw</recordid><startdate>20241001</startdate><enddate>20241001</enddate><creator>Shehata, Akram Ismael</creator><creator>Shahin, Shimaa A.</creator><creator>Elmaghraby, Ayaat M.</creator><creator>Alhoshy, Mayada</creator><creator>Soliman, Ali A.</creator><creator>Amer, Asem A.</creator><creator>Habib, Yusuf Jibril</creator><creator>Gewaily, Mahmoud S.</creator><creator>El Basuini, Mohammed F.</creator><general>Sciendo</general><general>De Gruyter Poland</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20241001</creationdate><title>Synergistic Benefits of Dietary Silymarin and Selenium on Growth, Immune Functions, Antioxidants, and Gut/Liver Health of Thinlip Mullet (Liza ramada) Juveniles</title><author>Shehata, Akram Ismael ; Shahin, Shimaa A. ; Elmaghraby, Ayaat M. ; Alhoshy, Mayada ; Soliman, Ali A. ; Amer, Asem A. ; Habib, Yusuf Jibril ; Gewaily, Mahmoud S. ; El Basuini, Mohammed F.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c361t-3575df0d0d98ca2969c7c958a533ba8c804db4479809835d87e065af3a44d7c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Alanine</topic><topic>Alanine transaminase</topic><topic>Antioxidants</topic><topic>Aspartate aminotransferase</topic><topic>bioactive supplementation</topic><topic>Biochemistry</topic><topic>Body weight</topic><topic>Body weight gain</topic><topic>Catalase</topic><topic>Cholesterol</topic><topic>Conversion ratio</topic><topic>Design of experiments</topic><topic>Diet</topic><topic>Dietary supplements</topic><topic>Enzymatic activity</topic><topic>Experimental design</topic><topic>Feed conversion</topic><topic>gene</topic><topic>Gene expression</topic><topic>growth augmentation</topic><topic>Hepcidin</topic><topic>histological brilliance</topic><topic>Histology</topic><topic>Immune response</topic><topic>Immune system</topic><topic>immunity</topic><topic>Innate immunity</topic><topic>Intestine</topic><topic>Juveniles</topic><topic>Liver</topic><topic>Liza ramada</topic><topic>Lysozyme</topic><topic>Minors</topic><topic>Selenium</topic><topic>Serum proteins</topic><topic>Silymarin</topic><topic>Sodium selenite</topic><topic>Superoxide dismutase</topic><topic>Survival</topic><topic>Transaminases</topic><topic>Urea</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Shehata, Akram Ismael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shahin, Shimaa A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elmaghraby, Ayaat M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alhoshy, Mayada</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soliman, Ali A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Amer, Asem A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Habib, Yusuf Jibril</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gewaily, Mahmoud S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>El Basuini, Mohammed F.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><jtitle>Annals of animal science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Shehata, Akram Ismael</au><au>Shahin, Shimaa A.</au><au>Elmaghraby, Ayaat M.</au><au>Alhoshy, Mayada</au><au>Soliman, Ali A.</au><au>Amer, Asem A.</au><au>Habib, Yusuf Jibril</au><au>Gewaily, Mahmoud S.</au><au>El Basuini, Mohammed F.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Synergistic Benefits of Dietary Silymarin and Selenium on Growth, Immune Functions, Antioxidants, and Gut/Liver Health of Thinlip Mullet (Liza ramada) Juveniles</atitle><jtitle>Annals of animal science</jtitle><date>2024-10-01</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>24</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>1293</spage><epage>1309</epage><pages>1293-1309</pages><issn>2300-8733</issn><issn>1642-3402</issn><eissn>2300-8733</eissn><abstract>This study investigates the synergistic impact of silymarin (SI) levels combined with inorganic selenium (sodium selenite: Se) on growth, feed utilization, biochemical parameters, antioxidants, innate immunity, intestinal and liver histology, and gene expression of thinlip mullet (
) juveniles. The experimental design involved thinlip mullets initially weighing 3.5±0.13 g, distributed in a completely randomized design with 30 fish per hapa (0.5 × 0.5 × 1 m), and conducted in triplicate over 60 days. Seven experimental diets were employed, including a control (without SI and Se supplementation), a negative control (with only Se supplementation), and four treatments with varying levels of silymarin (250, 450, 650, 850 mg/kg) alongside selenium (0.5 mg/kg diet). The growth performance results highlighted significant enhancements in final body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate, particularly in the SI 850 mg/kg + Se treatment. Survival rates, feed intake, and feed conversion ratios showed positive trends across the SI-Se supplemented groups. Biochemical profiles of serum exhibited that the control diet induced elevated concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and urea, while Se or SI supplementation significantly mitigated these levels, with the lowest concentrations observed in the SI-Se supplemented groups. Moreover, SI supplementation increased serum protein content. Antioxidant enzyme activities, represented by superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and catalase (GPx), demonstrated notable improvements in the SI-Se fortified groups, with significantly elevated GPx activity compared to the Se-supplemented and control groups. Immune system responses, including lysozyme, bactericidal, nitro-blue tetrazolium (NBT%), and serum alternative complement pathway (ACH50) activities, were highest in the SI-Se augmented groups. SI and Se in
reduce liver pro-inflammatory gene expression (
) vs. control group. Histological examinations of the intestine and liver depicted structural enhancements, especially at moderate and high levels of SI with Se supplementation. The results indicate improved intestinal villi morphology and hepatic architecture, supporting the positive influence of dietary treatments on the health of thinlip mullet juveniles. In conclusion, the combined supplementation of SI at 850 mg/kg diet and Se at 0.5 mg/kg diet positively influenced the growth, biochemical profiles, antioxidant status, immune responses, gene expression, and histological integrity of thinlip mullet juveniles, providing valuable insights for optimizing aquafeed formulations.</abstract><cop>Kraków</cop><pub>Sciendo</pub><doi>10.2478/aoas-2024-0044</doi><tpages>17</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Alanine Alanine transaminase Antioxidants Aspartate aminotransferase bioactive supplementation Biochemistry Body weight Body weight gain Catalase Cholesterol Conversion ratio Design of experiments Diet Dietary supplements Enzymatic activity Experimental design Feed conversion gene Gene expression growth augmentation Hepcidin histological brilliance Histology Immune response Immune system immunity Innate immunity Intestine Juveniles Liver Liza ramada Lysozyme Minors Selenium Serum proteins Silymarin Sodium selenite Superoxide dismutase Survival Transaminases Urea |
title | Synergistic Benefits of Dietary Silymarin and Selenium on Growth, Immune Functions, Antioxidants, and Gut/Liver Health of Thinlip Mullet (Liza ramada) Juveniles |
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