High-topological-number skyrmions with tunable diameters in two-dimensional frustrated J1−J2 magnets

Skyrmions are intriguing quasiparticles in the field of condensed matter due to their unique physics and promising applications in spintronic devices. However, despite abundant studies on skyrmions with a topological charge of Q = 1, there have been only few on those with higher Q (≥2) due to their...

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Veröffentlicht in:Applied physics letters 2024-08, Vol.125 (9)
Hauptverfasser: Hu, Hongliang, Shen, Zhong, Chen, Zheng, Wu, Xiaoping, Zhong, Tingting, Song, Changsheng
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Shen, Zhong
Chen, Zheng
Wu, Xiaoping
Zhong, Tingting
Song, Changsheng
description Skyrmions are intriguing quasiparticles in the field of condensed matter due to their unique physics and promising applications in spintronic devices. However, despite abundant studies on skyrmions with a topological charge of Q = 1, there have been only few on those with higher Q (≥2) due to their intrinsic instability in Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) systems. In this work, applying the frustrated J1−J2 Heisenberg spin model, we investigate the stability of high-Q skyrmions and the manipulation of their diameters in a hexagonal close-packed lattice through atomistic simulations and first-principles calculations. First, three spin textures, called spiral, skyrmion, and ferromagnetic, are identified by varying (J1, J2), and it is shown that skyrmions with higher Q can occupy a wider range of (J1, J2) values. The diameter of the skyrmions can then be finely tuned using the frustration strength (|J2/J1|), the single-ion anisotropy (K), and an external magnetic field (B). As B increases, the high-Q skyrmions split into skyrmions with smaller Q and can be annihilated by a larger B. Furthermore, we find that the CoCl2 monolayer satisfies the criteria for a frustrated J1−J2 magnet, and its magnetic behaviors align with the aforementioned conclusions. In addition, high-Q skyrmions are identified in the CoCl2 monolayer, and the corresponding energy barriers for skyrmion collapse are investigated. Our findings pave the way for prospective spintronic applications based on high-Q and nanoscale skyrmionic textures.
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However, despite abundant studies on skyrmions with a topological charge of Q = 1, there have been only few on those with higher Q (≥2) due to their intrinsic instability in Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) systems. In this work, applying the frustrated J1−J2 Heisenberg spin model, we investigate the stability of high-Q skyrmions and the manipulation of their diameters in a hexagonal close-packed lattice through atomistic simulations and first-principles calculations. First, three spin textures, called spiral, skyrmion, and ferromagnetic, are identified by varying (J1, J2), and it is shown that skyrmions with higher Q can occupy a wider range of (J1, J2) values. The diameter of the skyrmions can then be finely tuned using the frustration strength (|J2/J1|), the single-ion anisotropy (K), and an external magnetic field (B). As B increases, the high-Q skyrmions split into skyrmions with smaller Q and can be annihilated by a larger B. Furthermore, we find that the CoCl2 monolayer satisfies the criteria for a frustrated J1−J2 magnet, and its magnetic behaviors align with the aforementioned conclusions. In addition, high-Q skyrmions are identified in the CoCl2 monolayer, and the corresponding energy barriers for skyrmion collapse are investigated. Our findings pave the way for prospective spintronic applications based on high-Q and nanoscale skyrmionic textures.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0003-6951</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1077-3118</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1063/5.0217683</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Melville: American Institute of Physics</publisher><subject>Anisotropy ; Close packed lattices ; Diameters ; Elementary excitations ; Ferromagnetism ; First principles ; Hexagonal lattice ; Hypothetical particles ; Magnets ; Monolayers ; Particle theory ; Topology</subject><ispartof>Applied physics letters, 2024-08, Vol.125 (9)</ispartof><rights>2024 Author(s). 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subjects Anisotropy
Close packed lattices
Diameters
Elementary excitations
Ferromagnetism
First principles
Hexagonal lattice
Hypothetical particles
Magnets
Monolayers
Particle theory
Topology
title High-topological-number skyrmions with tunable diameters in two-dimensional frustrated J1−J2 magnets
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