Rietveld refinement and magnetic characterization of nanospheric CoFe2O4 prepared under the effect of ethylene glycol and H2O
Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CF NPs) have received appreciable interest recently due to their impressive chemical stability, high coercivity, and potent anisotropic magneto-crystalline. The Sol-gel method was appointed to manufacture Cobalt ferrites, utilizing ethylene glycol (Eth) and water (H 2 O...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of sol-gel science and technology 2024-08, Vol.111 (2), p.530-539 |
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| creator | Abouelnaga, Amel Mohamed Abou Hammad, Ali B. |
| description | Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CF NPs) have received appreciable interest recently due to their impressive chemical stability, high coercivity, and potent anisotropic magneto-crystalline. The Sol-gel method was appointed to manufacture Cobalt ferrites, utilizing ethylene glycol (Eth) and water (H
2
O) as diverse solvents to construct CF-Eth and CF-H
2
O. The surface morphology, crystal structure, and magnetic properties of CF-Eth and CF-H
2
O NPs were entirely deliberated through techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The XRD refinement through Rietveld methods utilizing Fullprof software proved that both samples crystallized into a spinel structure in cubic phase with space group Fd-3 m. The Williamson-Hall Plot was employed to determine the crystallite size (G) and microstrain (ε). The mean crystallite size was found to be 73 nm and 51 nm for CF-Eth and CF-H
2
O, respectively. FE-SEM confirmed the regular shape distribution of the particles. The measured saturation magnetization (MS) was 76.6 and 71.9 emu g
−1
for CF-Eth and CF-H
2
O NPs, respectively, at room temperature.
Graphical Abstract
Highlights
XRD revealed the Successful synthesis of CoFe
2
O
4
in spinel structure using different solvents.
Rietveld Refinement revealed a high crystalline structure of the fabricated ferrites.
SEM reveals a nanospheric shape of the synthesized CoFe
2
O
4
.
Magnetic Characterization of Nanospheric CoFe
2
O
4
proves the significant impact of solvents on the physical properties. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10971-024-06463-0 |
| format | Article |
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2
O) as diverse solvents to construct CF-Eth and CF-H
2
O. The surface morphology, crystal structure, and magnetic properties of CF-Eth and CF-H
2
O NPs were entirely deliberated through techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The XRD refinement through Rietveld methods utilizing Fullprof software proved that both samples crystallized into a spinel structure in cubic phase with space group Fd-3 m. The Williamson-Hall Plot was employed to determine the crystallite size (G) and microstrain (ε). The mean crystallite size was found to be 73 nm and 51 nm for CF-Eth and CF-H
2
O, respectively. FE-SEM confirmed the regular shape distribution of the particles. The measured saturation magnetization (MS) was 76.6 and 71.9 emu g
−1
for CF-Eth and CF-H
2
O NPs, respectively, at room temperature.
Graphical Abstract
Highlights
XRD revealed the Successful synthesis of CoFe
2
O
4
in spinel structure using different solvents.
Rietveld Refinement revealed a high crystalline structure of the fabricated ferrites.
SEM reveals a nanospheric shape of the synthesized CoFe
2
O
4
.
Magnetic Characterization of Nanospheric CoFe
2
O
4
proves the significant impact of solvents on the physical properties.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0928-0707</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-4846</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10971-024-06463-0</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Springer US</publisher><subject>Ceramics ; Chemistry and Materials Science ; Cobalt ferrites ; Coercivity ; Composites ; Crystal structure ; Crystallites ; Crystallization ; Ethylene glycol ; Fourier transforms ; Glass ; Inorganic Chemistry ; Magnetic properties ; Magnetic saturation ; Materials Science ; Microstrain ; Nanoparticles ; Nanotechnology ; Natural Materials ; Optical and Electronic Materials ; Original Paper ; Physical properties ; Room temperature ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Sol-gel processes ; Solvents ; Spinel ; X-ray diffraction</subject><ispartof>Journal of sol-gel science and technology, 2024-08, Vol.111 (2), p.530-539</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c200t-bf4d3e7e9d64fabe3f3d36e37b2506d7214b3b6a1279cd135038c0e4d6bda7733</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10971-024-06463-0$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10971-024-06463-0$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Abouelnaga, Amel Mohamed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abou Hammad, Ali B.</creatorcontrib><title>Rietveld refinement and magnetic characterization of nanospheric CoFe2O4 prepared under the effect of ethylene glycol and H2O</title><title>Journal of sol-gel science and technology</title><addtitle>J Sol-Gel Sci Technol</addtitle><description>Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CF NPs) have received appreciable interest recently due to their impressive chemical stability, high coercivity, and potent anisotropic magneto-crystalline. The Sol-gel method was appointed to manufacture Cobalt ferrites, utilizing ethylene glycol (Eth) and water (H
2
O) as diverse solvents to construct CF-Eth and CF-H
2
O. The surface morphology, crystal structure, and magnetic properties of CF-Eth and CF-H
2
O NPs were entirely deliberated through techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The XRD refinement through Rietveld methods utilizing Fullprof software proved that both samples crystallized into a spinel structure in cubic phase with space group Fd-3 m. The Williamson-Hall Plot was employed to determine the crystallite size (G) and microstrain (ε). The mean crystallite size was found to be 73 nm and 51 nm for CF-Eth and CF-H
2
O, respectively. FE-SEM confirmed the regular shape distribution of the particles. The measured saturation magnetization (MS) was 76.6 and 71.9 emu g
−1
for CF-Eth and CF-H
2
O NPs, respectively, at room temperature.
Graphical Abstract
Highlights
XRD revealed the Successful synthesis of CoFe
2
O
4
in spinel structure using different solvents.
Rietveld Refinement revealed a high crystalline structure of the fabricated ferrites.
SEM reveals a nanospheric shape of the synthesized CoFe
2
O
4
.
Magnetic Characterization of Nanospheric CoFe
2
O
4
proves the significant impact of solvents on the physical properties.</description><subject>Ceramics</subject><subject>Chemistry and Materials Science</subject><subject>Cobalt ferrites</subject><subject>Coercivity</subject><subject>Composites</subject><subject>Crystal structure</subject><subject>Crystallites</subject><subject>Crystallization</subject><subject>Ethylene glycol</subject><subject>Fourier transforms</subject><subject>Glass</subject><subject>Inorganic Chemistry</subject><subject>Magnetic properties</subject><subject>Magnetic saturation</subject><subject>Materials Science</subject><subject>Microstrain</subject><subject>Nanoparticles</subject><subject>Nanotechnology</subject><subject>Natural Materials</subject><subject>Optical and Electronic Materials</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Physical properties</subject><subject>Room temperature</subject><subject>Scanning electron microscopy</subject><subject>Sol-gel processes</subject><subject>Solvents</subject><subject>Spinel</subject><subject>X-ray diffraction</subject><issn>0928-0707</issn><issn>1573-4846</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kE1LAzEURYMoWKt_wFXA9ejLxySdpRSrQqEgug6Z5E07Ms2MSSpU8L87WsGdqwePe-6FQ8glg2sGoG8Sg0qzArgsQEklCjgiE1ZqUciZVMdkAhWfFaBBn5KzlF4BoJRMT8jnU4v5HTtPIzZtwC2GTG3wdGvXAXPrqNvYaF3G2H7Y3PaB9g0NNvRp2Iw_R-f9AvlK0iHiYCN6ugseI80bpNg06PI3gHmz7zAgXXd713c_Cw98dU5OGtslvPi9U_KyuHuePxTL1f3j_HZZOA6Qi7qRXqDGyivZ2BpFI7xQKHTNS1BecyZrUSvLuK6cZ6IEMXOA0qvaW62FmJKrQ-8Q-7cdpmxe-10M46QRo5lKaTVjY4ofUi72KY0-zBDbrY17w8B8azYHzWbUbH40GxghcYDSGA5rjH_V_1BfF8aBXA</recordid><startdate>20240801</startdate><enddate>20240801</enddate><creator>Abouelnaga, Amel Mohamed</creator><creator>Abou Hammad, Ali B.</creator><general>Springer US</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20240801</creationdate><title>Rietveld refinement and magnetic characterization of nanospheric CoFe2O4 prepared under the effect of ethylene glycol and H2O</title><author>Abouelnaga, Amel Mohamed ; Abou Hammad, Ali B.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c200t-bf4d3e7e9d64fabe3f3d36e37b2506d7214b3b6a1279cd135038c0e4d6bda7733</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Ceramics</topic><topic>Chemistry and Materials Science</topic><topic>Cobalt ferrites</topic><topic>Coercivity</topic><topic>Composites</topic><topic>Crystal structure</topic><topic>Crystallites</topic><topic>Crystallization</topic><topic>Ethylene glycol</topic><topic>Fourier transforms</topic><topic>Glass</topic><topic>Inorganic Chemistry</topic><topic>Magnetic properties</topic><topic>Magnetic saturation</topic><topic>Materials Science</topic><topic>Microstrain</topic><topic>Nanoparticles</topic><topic>Nanotechnology</topic><topic>Natural Materials</topic><topic>Optical and Electronic Materials</topic><topic>Original Paper</topic><topic>Physical properties</topic><topic>Room temperature</topic><topic>Scanning electron microscopy</topic><topic>Sol-gel processes</topic><topic>Solvents</topic><topic>Spinel</topic><topic>X-ray diffraction</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Abouelnaga, Amel Mohamed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abou Hammad, Ali B.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Journal of sol-gel science and technology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Abouelnaga, Amel Mohamed</au><au>Abou Hammad, Ali B.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Rietveld refinement and magnetic characterization of nanospheric CoFe2O4 prepared under the effect of ethylene glycol and H2O</atitle><jtitle>Journal of sol-gel science and technology</jtitle><stitle>J Sol-Gel Sci Technol</stitle><date>2024-08-01</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>111</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>530</spage><epage>539</epage><pages>530-539</pages><issn>0928-0707</issn><eissn>1573-4846</eissn><abstract>Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CF NPs) have received appreciable interest recently due to their impressive chemical stability, high coercivity, and potent anisotropic magneto-crystalline. The Sol-gel method was appointed to manufacture Cobalt ferrites, utilizing ethylene glycol (Eth) and water (H
2
O) as diverse solvents to construct CF-Eth and CF-H
2
O. The surface morphology, crystal structure, and magnetic properties of CF-Eth and CF-H
2
O NPs were entirely deliberated through techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The XRD refinement through Rietveld methods utilizing Fullprof software proved that both samples crystallized into a spinel structure in cubic phase with space group Fd-3 m. The Williamson-Hall Plot was employed to determine the crystallite size (G) and microstrain (ε). The mean crystallite size was found to be 73 nm and 51 nm for CF-Eth and CF-H
2
O, respectively. FE-SEM confirmed the regular shape distribution of the particles. The measured saturation magnetization (MS) was 76.6 and 71.9 emu g
−1
for CF-Eth and CF-H
2
O NPs, respectively, at room temperature.
Graphical Abstract
Highlights
XRD revealed the Successful synthesis of CoFe
2
O
4
in spinel structure using different solvents.
Rietveld Refinement revealed a high crystalline structure of the fabricated ferrites.
SEM reveals a nanospheric shape of the synthesized CoFe
2
O
4
.
Magnetic Characterization of Nanospheric CoFe
2
O
4
proves the significant impact of solvents on the physical properties.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><doi>10.1007/s10971-024-06463-0</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Ceramics Chemistry and Materials Science Cobalt ferrites Coercivity Composites Crystal structure Crystallites Crystallization Ethylene glycol Fourier transforms Glass Inorganic Chemistry Magnetic properties Magnetic saturation Materials Science Microstrain Nanoparticles Nanotechnology Natural Materials Optical and Electronic Materials Original Paper Physical properties Room temperature Scanning electron microscopy Sol-gel processes Solvents Spinel X-ray diffraction |
| title | Rietveld refinement and magnetic characterization of nanospheric CoFe2O4 prepared under the effect of ethylene glycol and H2O |
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