Successful plant growth in acid mine drainage‐impacted soil using pot‐based experiments with waste amendments
This paper addresses the challenge of remediating soil impacted by acid mine drainage (AMD) using an innovative and sustainable Technosol‐based approach to stabilize soil and facilitate vegetation recovery. The study assessed the effectiveness of Technosols made from recycled organic (water clarific...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Land degradation & development 2024-08, Vol.35 (13), p.4145-4160 |
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| creator | Fernández‐Landero, Sandra Fernández‐Caliani, Juan Carlos Giráldez, María Inmaculada Hidalgo, Pablo J. Morales, Emilio |
| description | This paper addresses the challenge of remediating soil impacted by acid mine drainage (AMD) using an innovative and sustainable Technosol‐based approach to stabilize soil and facilitate vegetation recovery. The study assessed the effectiveness of Technosols made from recycled organic (water clarification sludge) and inorganic (siderurgical slags and red gypsum) wastes in mitigating the detrimental effects of AMD on soil properties, pore water chemistry, and plant growth through a 4‐month pot experiment. Technosols significantly improved soil health by neutralizing net acidity (296 mmol H+ kg−1), raising pH levels from extremely acidic (3.3) to mildly alkaline (7.7–8.0), and limiting the mobility of potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Dissolved Cu and Zn concentrations dropped from 80.21 and 72.08 mg L−1, respectively, to below 1 mg L−1 by the end of the monitoring period. The experiment identified several concomitant mechanisms of PTE retention, such as decreased dissolution of metal‐bearing minerals, precipitation reactions and adsorption onto Fe and Al (oxy)hydroxides. Aqueous speciation modelling indicated a decline in toxic metal forms (e.g. Al3+, AlSO4+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and H2AsO4−) in soil pore water after treatment, thus reducing phytotoxicity. Additionally, waste amendments enhanced nutrient availability, with nitrate concentrations reaching up to 417 mg L−1, supporting seed germination and seedling establishment. The most effective Technosol, combining water treatment sludge and white steel slag (60:40 w/w), enabled robust growth of Brassica juncea. Principal component analysis showed a strong correlation between healthy plant responses (survival rate, plant height, leaf number, biomass production) and improved soil pore water parameters (pH, PTEs, aluminium, calcium, bicarbonate and nitrate ions), highlighting the benefits of waste amendments. These findings underscore the potential of waste‐derived Technosols in stabilizing AMD‐impacted soils and promoting thriving plant growth. However, further validation in field trials with diverse plant species is recommended for real‐world applications. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/ldr.5211 |
| format | Article |
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The study assessed the effectiveness of Technosols made from recycled organic (water clarification sludge) and inorganic (siderurgical slags and red gypsum) wastes in mitigating the detrimental effects of AMD on soil properties, pore water chemistry, and plant growth through a 4‐month pot experiment. Technosols significantly improved soil health by neutralizing net acidity (296 mmol H+ kg−1), raising pH levels from extremely acidic (3.3) to mildly alkaline (7.7–8.0), and limiting the mobility of potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Dissolved Cu and Zn concentrations dropped from 80.21 and 72.08 mg L−1, respectively, to below 1 mg L−1 by the end of the monitoring period. The experiment identified several concomitant mechanisms of PTE retention, such as decreased dissolution of metal‐bearing minerals, precipitation reactions and adsorption onto Fe and Al (oxy)hydroxides. Aqueous speciation modelling indicated a decline in toxic metal forms (e.g. Al3+, AlSO4+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and H2AsO4−) in soil pore water after treatment, thus reducing phytotoxicity. Additionally, waste amendments enhanced nutrient availability, with nitrate concentrations reaching up to 417 mg L−1, supporting seed germination and seedling establishment. The most effective Technosol, combining water treatment sludge and white steel slag (60:40 w/w), enabled robust growth of Brassica juncea. Principal component analysis showed a strong correlation between healthy plant responses (survival rate, plant height, leaf number, biomass production) and improved soil pore water parameters (pH, PTEs, aluminium, calcium, bicarbonate and nitrate ions), highlighting the benefits of waste amendments. These findings underscore the potential of waste‐derived Technosols in stabilizing AMD‐impacted soils and promoting thriving plant growth. However, further validation in field trials with diverse plant species is recommended for real‐world applications.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1085-3278</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1099-145X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/ldr.5211</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd</publisher><subject>Acid mine drainage ; Acidic soils ; Acidity ; Alkaline soils ; Aluminum ; Bicarbonates ; Brassica juncea ; Calcium nitrate ; Chemical precipitation ; Copper ; ecological restoration ; Effectiveness ; Germination ; Gypsum ; Hydroxides ; Iron ; Mine drainage ; non‐hazardous wastes ; Nutrient availability ; Nutrient concentrations ; Organic soils ; Phytotoxicity ; Plant growth ; Plant species ; Plants (botany) ; Pore water ; Principal components analysis ; Seed germination ; Seedlings ; Slag ; Sludge ; Soil chemistry ; Soil improvement ; Soil properties ; soil reclamation ; Soil remediation ; Soil water ; Speciation ; Survival ; Technosol ; Tharsis mines ; Water chemistry ; Water reuse ; Water treatment ; Zinc</subject><ispartof>Land degradation & development, 2024-08, Vol.35 (13), p.4145-4160</ispartof><rights>2024 The Author(s). published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</rights><rights>2024. 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The study assessed the effectiveness of Technosols made from recycled organic (water clarification sludge) and inorganic (siderurgical slags and red gypsum) wastes in mitigating the detrimental effects of AMD on soil properties, pore water chemistry, and plant growth through a 4‐month pot experiment. Technosols significantly improved soil health by neutralizing net acidity (296 mmol H+ kg−1), raising pH levels from extremely acidic (3.3) to mildly alkaline (7.7–8.0), and limiting the mobility of potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Dissolved Cu and Zn concentrations dropped from 80.21 and 72.08 mg L−1, respectively, to below 1 mg L−1 by the end of the monitoring period. The experiment identified several concomitant mechanisms of PTE retention, such as decreased dissolution of metal‐bearing minerals, precipitation reactions and adsorption onto Fe and Al (oxy)hydroxides. Aqueous speciation modelling indicated a decline in toxic metal forms (e.g. Al3+, AlSO4+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and H2AsO4−) in soil pore water after treatment, thus reducing phytotoxicity. Additionally, waste amendments enhanced nutrient availability, with nitrate concentrations reaching up to 417 mg L−1, supporting seed germination and seedling establishment. The most effective Technosol, combining water treatment sludge and white steel slag (60:40 w/w), enabled robust growth of Brassica juncea. Principal component analysis showed a strong correlation between healthy plant responses (survival rate, plant height, leaf number, biomass production) and improved soil pore water parameters (pH, PTEs, aluminium, calcium, bicarbonate and nitrate ions), highlighting the benefits of waste amendments. These findings underscore the potential of waste‐derived Technosols in stabilizing AMD‐impacted soils and promoting thriving plant growth. However, further validation in field trials with diverse plant species is recommended for real‐world applications.</description><subject>Acid mine drainage</subject><subject>Acidic soils</subject><subject>Acidity</subject><subject>Alkaline soils</subject><subject>Aluminum</subject><subject>Bicarbonates</subject><subject>Brassica juncea</subject><subject>Calcium nitrate</subject><subject>Chemical precipitation</subject><subject>Copper</subject><subject>ecological restoration</subject><subject>Effectiveness</subject><subject>Germination</subject><subject>Gypsum</subject><subject>Hydroxides</subject><subject>Iron</subject><subject>Mine drainage</subject><subject>non‐hazardous wastes</subject><subject>Nutrient availability</subject><subject>Nutrient concentrations</subject><subject>Organic soils</subject><subject>Phytotoxicity</subject><subject>Plant growth</subject><subject>Plant species</subject><subject>Plants (botany)</subject><subject>Pore water</subject><subject>Principal components analysis</subject><subject>Seed germination</subject><subject>Seedlings</subject><subject>Slag</subject><subject>Sludge</subject><subject>Soil chemistry</subject><subject>Soil improvement</subject><subject>Soil properties</subject><subject>soil reclamation</subject><subject>Soil remediation</subject><subject>Soil water</subject><subject>Speciation</subject><subject>Survival</subject><subject>Technosol</subject><subject>Tharsis mines</subject><subject>Water chemistry</subject><subject>Water reuse</subject><subject>Water treatment</subject><subject>Zinc</subject><issn>1085-3278</issn><issn>1099-145X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>WIN</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kM1KAzEQx4MoWKvgIwS8eNmaZDf7cZT6CQXBD_AWpslsTdnubpNd1t58BJ_RJzFtvXqa4Tc_ZoY_IeecTThj4qoybiIF5wdkxFlRRDyR74fbPpdRLLL8mJx4v2SM8SzJRmT90muN3pd9RdsK6o4uXDN0H9TWFLQ1dGVrpMaBrWGBP1_fdtWC7tBQ39iK9t7WC9o2XZjMwQeMny06u8K683SwYdEAvkMKgZgdPSVHJVQez_7qmLzd3b5OH6LZ0_3j9HoWacFzHqW8KEFnwOfCxLnALOYoWYocAbE0kGldyDwu0lhikiRMgATJ03KOEGsT8Jhc7Pe2rln36Du1bHpXh5MqZoVI0jQveLAu95Z2jfcOS9WG78FtFGdqG6gKgaptoEGN9upgK9z866nZzfPO_wWD_Hsq</recordid><startdate>20240815</startdate><enddate>20240815</enddate><creator>Fernández‐Landero, Sandra</creator><creator>Fernández‐Caliani, Juan Carlos</creator><creator>Giráldez, María Inmaculada</creator><creator>Hidalgo, Pablo J.</creator><creator>Morales, Emilio</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons, Ltd</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>WIN</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>SOI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1580-7929</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9704-8139</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2710-8348</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20240815</creationdate><title>Successful plant growth in acid mine drainage‐impacted soil using pot‐based experiments with waste amendments</title><author>Fernández‐Landero, Sandra ; 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The study assessed the effectiveness of Technosols made from recycled organic (water clarification sludge) and inorganic (siderurgical slags and red gypsum) wastes in mitigating the detrimental effects of AMD on soil properties, pore water chemistry, and plant growth through a 4‐month pot experiment. Technosols significantly improved soil health by neutralizing net acidity (296 mmol H+ kg−1), raising pH levels from extremely acidic (3.3) to mildly alkaline (7.7–8.0), and limiting the mobility of potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Dissolved Cu and Zn concentrations dropped from 80.21 and 72.08 mg L−1, respectively, to below 1 mg L−1 by the end of the monitoring period. The experiment identified several concomitant mechanisms of PTE retention, such as decreased dissolution of metal‐bearing minerals, precipitation reactions and adsorption onto Fe and Al (oxy)hydroxides. Aqueous speciation modelling indicated a decline in toxic metal forms (e.g. Al3+, AlSO4+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and H2AsO4−) in soil pore water after treatment, thus reducing phytotoxicity. Additionally, waste amendments enhanced nutrient availability, with nitrate concentrations reaching up to 417 mg L−1, supporting seed germination and seedling establishment. The most effective Technosol, combining water treatment sludge and white steel slag (60:40 w/w), enabled robust growth of Brassica juncea. Principal component analysis showed a strong correlation between healthy plant responses (survival rate, plant height, leaf number, biomass production) and improved soil pore water parameters (pH, PTEs, aluminium, calcium, bicarbonate and nitrate ions), highlighting the benefits of waste amendments. These findings underscore the potential of waste‐derived Technosols in stabilizing AMD‐impacted soils and promoting thriving plant growth. However, further validation in field trials with diverse plant species is recommended for real‐world applications.</abstract><cop>Chichester, UK</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons, Ltd</pub><doi>10.1002/ldr.5211</doi><tpages>16</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1580-7929</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9704-8139</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2710-8348</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Acid mine drainage Acidic soils Acidity Alkaline soils Aluminum Bicarbonates Brassica juncea Calcium nitrate Chemical precipitation Copper ecological restoration Effectiveness Germination Gypsum Hydroxides Iron Mine drainage non‐hazardous wastes Nutrient availability Nutrient concentrations Organic soils Phytotoxicity Plant growth Plant species Plants (botany) Pore water Principal components analysis Seed germination Seedlings Slag Sludge Soil chemistry Soil improvement Soil properties soil reclamation Soil remediation Soil water Speciation Survival Technosol Tharsis mines Water chemistry Water reuse Water treatment Zinc |
| title | Successful plant growth in acid mine drainage‐impacted soil using pot‐based experiments with waste amendments |
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