Study of Low-Temperature Energy Consumption Optimization of Battery Electric Vehicle Air Conditioning Systems Considering Blower Efficiency
Battery electric vehicle (BEV) air conditioning systems often use positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heaters to heat the passenger compartment. The heating process consumes a lot of energy in low-temperature environments, which seriously affects the driving range and user experience. This study...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Processes 2024-07, Vol.12 (7), p.1495 |
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| description | Battery electric vehicle (BEV) air conditioning systems often use positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heaters to heat the passenger compartment. The heating process consumes a lot of energy in low-temperature environments, which seriously affects the driving range and user experience. This study aims to reduce the low-temperature energy consumption of the air conditioning system and improve energy efficiency through an innovative optimization method. In this study, the energy consumption composition of the air conditioning system was analyzed, and the goal of minimizing the sum of the total power consumption of the PTC heater and the blower was determined, while the efficiency characteristic of the blower was considered at the same time. The relationship between the average temperature of the passenger compartment measurement points and the PTC power and airflow rate was studied by combining experiments and numerical simulations, and the alternative operating conditions that met the temperature requirement were determined. On this basis, the total power consumption of the air conditioning system was analyzed and optimized. The results show that PTC power, airflow rate, and blower efficiency all have an important influence on the total power consumption of the air conditioning system. The optimized scheme could reduce the theoretical total power from 1315.32 W of the original scheme to 1246.83 W, and the actual total power from 1350.05 W of the original scheme to 1326.56 W, with reductions of 5.21% and 1.74%, respectively. The low-temperature energy consumption optimization method for the BEV air conditioning systems proposed in this study is instructive for the selection of blowers and the design of control strategies for air conditioning systems. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/pr12071495 |
| format | Article |
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The heating process consumes a lot of energy in low-temperature environments, which seriously affects the driving range and user experience. This study aims to reduce the low-temperature energy consumption of the air conditioning system and improve energy efficiency through an innovative optimization method. In this study, the energy consumption composition of the air conditioning system was analyzed, and the goal of minimizing the sum of the total power consumption of the PTC heater and the blower was determined, while the efficiency characteristic of the blower was considered at the same time. The relationship between the average temperature of the passenger compartment measurement points and the PTC power and airflow rate was studied by combining experiments and numerical simulations, and the alternative operating conditions that met the temperature requirement were determined. On this basis, the total power consumption of the air conditioning system was analyzed and optimized. The results show that PTC power, airflow rate, and blower efficiency all have an important influence on the total power consumption of the air conditioning system. The optimized scheme could reduce the theoretical total power from 1315.32 W of the original scheme to 1246.83 W, and the actual total power from 1350.05 W of the original scheme to 1326.56 W, with reductions of 5.21% and 1.74%, respectively. The low-temperature energy consumption optimization method for the BEV air conditioning systems proposed in this study is instructive for the selection of blowers and the design of control strategies for air conditioning systems.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2227-9717</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2227-9717</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/pr12071495</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Air conditioning ; Air flow ; Air temperature ; Blowers ; Design optimization ; Electric power ; Electric vehicles ; Electricity distribution ; Energy consumption ; Energy efficiency ; Heat recovery systems ; Heat transfer ; Low temperature ; Low temperature environments ; Optimization ; Passengers ; Positive temperature coefficient ; Power consumption ; Power management ; Temperature ; Temperature requirements ; User experience</subject><ispartof>Processes, 2024-07, Vol.12 (7), p.1495</ispartof><rights>2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c184t-adb862cfc5aa72b9bf7cd993def977fd83d2d4d308c876ec9298abe9eb08aae53</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-0452-7961</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27923,27924</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Dezheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ni, Jimin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shi, Xiuyong</creatorcontrib><title>Study of Low-Temperature Energy Consumption Optimization of Battery Electric Vehicle Air Conditioning Systems Considering Blower Efficiency</title><title>Processes</title><description>Battery electric vehicle (BEV) air conditioning systems often use positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heaters to heat the passenger compartment. The heating process consumes a lot of energy in low-temperature environments, which seriously affects the driving range and user experience. This study aims to reduce the low-temperature energy consumption of the air conditioning system and improve energy efficiency through an innovative optimization method. In this study, the energy consumption composition of the air conditioning system was analyzed, and the goal of minimizing the sum of the total power consumption of the PTC heater and the blower was determined, while the efficiency characteristic of the blower was considered at the same time. The relationship between the average temperature of the passenger compartment measurement points and the PTC power and airflow rate was studied by combining experiments and numerical simulations, and the alternative operating conditions that met the temperature requirement were determined. On this basis, the total power consumption of the air conditioning system was analyzed and optimized. The results show that PTC power, airflow rate, and blower efficiency all have an important influence on the total power consumption of the air conditioning system. The optimized scheme could reduce the theoretical total power from 1315.32 W of the original scheme to 1246.83 W, and the actual total power from 1350.05 W of the original scheme to 1326.56 W, with reductions of 5.21% and 1.74%, respectively. The low-temperature energy consumption optimization method for the BEV air conditioning systems proposed in this study is instructive for the selection of blowers and the design of control strategies for air conditioning systems.</description><subject>Air conditioning</subject><subject>Air flow</subject><subject>Air temperature</subject><subject>Blowers</subject><subject>Design optimization</subject><subject>Electric power</subject><subject>Electric vehicles</subject><subject>Electricity distribution</subject><subject>Energy consumption</subject><subject>Energy efficiency</subject><subject>Heat recovery systems</subject><subject>Heat transfer</subject><subject>Low temperature</subject><subject>Low temperature environments</subject><subject>Optimization</subject><subject>Passengers</subject><subject>Positive temperature coefficient</subject><subject>Power consumption</subject><subject>Power management</subject><subject>Temperature</subject><subject>Temperature requirements</subject><subject>User experience</subject><issn>2227-9717</issn><issn>2227-9717</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNpNUFtLwzAUDqLgmHvxFwR8E6ppujbN4zbqBQZ72PS1pMnJzOjNJGXUv-Cftt0EPS_fOYfvAh9CtyF5iCJOHlsbUsLCOY8v0IRSygLOQnb5b79GM-cOZBgeRmmcTND31neqx43G6-YY7KBqwQrfWcBZDXbf41VTu65qvWlqvBmgMl_idAySpfAebI-zEqS3RuJ3-DCyBLwwdhQqMzJNvcfb3nmo3MnNKLDjb1k2R7A409pIA7Xsb9CVFqWD2S9O0dtTtlu9BOvN8-tqsQ5kmM59IFSRJlRqGQvBaMELzaTiPFKgOWNapZGiaq4iksqUJSA55akogENBUiEgjqbo7uzb2uazA-fzQ9PZeojMB1FMaEISNrDuzyxpG-cs6Ly1phK2z0OSj33nf31HP207dp4</recordid><startdate>20240717</startdate><enddate>20240717</enddate><creator>Zhang, Dezheng</creator><creator>Ni, Jimin</creator><creator>Shi, Xiuyong</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0452-7961</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20240717</creationdate><title>Study of Low-Temperature Energy Consumption Optimization of Battery Electric Vehicle Air Conditioning Systems Considering Blower Efficiency</title><author>Zhang, Dezheng ; Ni, Jimin ; Shi, Xiuyong</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c184t-adb862cfc5aa72b9bf7cd993def977fd83d2d4d308c876ec9298abe9eb08aae53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Air conditioning</topic><topic>Air flow</topic><topic>Air temperature</topic><topic>Blowers</topic><topic>Design optimization</topic><topic>Electric power</topic><topic>Electric vehicles</topic><topic>Electricity distribution</topic><topic>Energy consumption</topic><topic>Energy efficiency</topic><topic>Heat recovery systems</topic><topic>Heat transfer</topic><topic>Low temperature</topic><topic>Low temperature environments</topic><topic>Optimization</topic><topic>Passengers</topic><topic>Positive temperature coefficient</topic><topic>Power consumption</topic><topic>Power management</topic><topic>Temperature</topic><topic>Temperature requirements</topic><topic>User experience</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Dezheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ni, Jimin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shi, Xiuyong</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><jtitle>Processes</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zhang, Dezheng</au><au>Ni, Jimin</au><au>Shi, Xiuyong</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Study of Low-Temperature Energy Consumption Optimization of Battery Electric Vehicle Air Conditioning Systems Considering Blower Efficiency</atitle><jtitle>Processes</jtitle><date>2024-07-17</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>12</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>1495</spage><pages>1495-</pages><issn>2227-9717</issn><eissn>2227-9717</eissn><abstract>Battery electric vehicle (BEV) air conditioning systems often use positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heaters to heat the passenger compartment. The heating process consumes a lot of energy in low-temperature environments, which seriously affects the driving range and user experience. This study aims to reduce the low-temperature energy consumption of the air conditioning system and improve energy efficiency through an innovative optimization method. In this study, the energy consumption composition of the air conditioning system was analyzed, and the goal of minimizing the sum of the total power consumption of the PTC heater and the blower was determined, while the efficiency characteristic of the blower was considered at the same time. The relationship between the average temperature of the passenger compartment measurement points and the PTC power and airflow rate was studied by combining experiments and numerical simulations, and the alternative operating conditions that met the temperature requirement were determined. On this basis, the total power consumption of the air conditioning system was analyzed and optimized. The results show that PTC power, airflow rate, and blower efficiency all have an important influence on the total power consumption of the air conditioning system. The optimized scheme could reduce the theoretical total power from 1315.32 W of the original scheme to 1246.83 W, and the actual total power from 1350.05 W of the original scheme to 1326.56 W, with reductions of 5.21% and 1.74%, respectively. The low-temperature energy consumption optimization method for the BEV air conditioning systems proposed in this study is instructive for the selection of blowers and the design of control strategies for air conditioning systems.</abstract><cop>Basel</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><doi>10.3390/pr12071495</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0452-7961</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Air conditioning Air flow Air temperature Blowers Design optimization Electric power Electric vehicles Electricity distribution Energy consumption Energy efficiency Heat recovery systems Heat transfer Low temperature Low temperature environments Optimization Passengers Positive temperature coefficient Power consumption Power management Temperature Temperature requirements User experience |
| title | Study of Low-Temperature Energy Consumption Optimization of Battery Electric Vehicle Air Conditioning Systems Considering Blower Efficiency |
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