Current development of waste glass as building construction materials

Waste of Glass (WGs) is generally sent to landfills even though they are recyclable and essential as a non-biodegradable resource. It should be transformed into new valuable materials such as sand, a building material commonly used in mortar and concrete manufacture, to reduce its disposal in landfills. This study aims to review the use of Waste of Glass sand (WGs) as building construction materials. The result shows that WGs could partially substitute sand due to its beneficial pozzolanic properties. WGs below 20% can replace part of the cement and positively impact mechanical strength. In contrast, substitutes higher than 20% can cause a negative impact because the remaining amount of CaCO3 is not enough to react to produce C-S-H gel. Utilizing WGs as a replacement for fine sand with more than 20% leads to adverse effects. This issue is due to the specific gravity of the glass below the particular gravity of fine natural sand. WGs have partially replaced cement and fine sand at specific proportions. This innovation can be valuable in building construction materials and protecting the environment simultaneously.