High Head-Hand Efficiency and Low-SAR Mobile Phone Antenna Design Based on Unidirectional and Uniform Current Distribution
A high head-hand efficiency and low-SAR mobile phone antenna is proposed in this article. The impact of the antenna's current distribution on its efficiency and spatial-average specific absorption rate (SAR) is analyzed, revealing that unidirectional and uniform current distributions on the ant...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation 2024-07, Vol.72 (7), p.5560-5568 |
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| container_title | IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation |
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| creator | Yi Liang, Meng Yu, Di Zhang, Huan Huan Wang, Nan Liu, Ying Zheng, Chao Feng Dong, Yun Jian Han, Yong |
| description | A high head-hand efficiency and low-SAR mobile phone antenna is proposed in this article. The impact of the antenna's current distribution on its efficiency and spatial-average specific absorption rate (SAR) is analyzed, revealing that unidirectional and uniform current distributions on the antenna can achieve a dual benefit of high head-hand efficiency and low-SAR values. Based on this idea, a double loop antenna consisted of a 1\lambda outer loop with differential feed and a 0.5\lambda inner loop with coupled feed is designed, which can implement unidirectional and uniform current distribution in a wide frequency band. The measured −6 dB impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna can cover 1710-2690 MHz. Its measured average head-hand efficiency from 1710 to 2690 MHz is −5.3 dB (29.5%). Its simulated normalized peak head and body SAR values are lower than 1.0 W/kg. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/TAP.2024.3407347 |
| format | Article |
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The impact of the antenna's current distribution on its efficiency and spatial-average specific absorption rate (SAR) is analyzed, revealing that unidirectional and uniform current distributions on the antenna can achieve a dual benefit of high head-hand efficiency and low-SAR values. Based on this idea, a double loop antenna consisted of a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">1\lambda </tex-math></inline-formula> outer loop with differential feed and a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">0.5\lambda </tex-math></inline-formula> inner loop with coupled feed is designed, which can implement unidirectional and uniform current distribution in a wide frequency band. The measured −6 dB impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna can cover 1710-2690 MHz. Its measured average head-hand efficiency from 1710 to 2690 MHz is −5.3 dB (29.5%). Its simulated normalized peak head and body SAR values are lower than 1.0 W/kg.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 0018-926X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1558-2221</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2024.3407347</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IETPAK</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: IEEE</publisher><subject>Antenna design ; Antenna feeds ; Antennas ; Cell phones ; Current distribution ; Efficiency ; Electromagnetics ; Frequencies ; head-hand efficiency ; Loop antennas ; Mobile antennas ; Mobile handsets ; mobile phone antenna ; specific absorption rate (SAR)</subject><ispartof>IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation, 2024-07, Vol.72 (7), p.5560-5568</ispartof><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c175t-7fcfa1487f989ac0961e5f9c21c668e3c650ac715bfd76d98875dce99a301bb3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5500-1946 ; 0000-0002-5905-2660 ; 0000-0001-7567-5393 ; 0000-0003-4579-832X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10550134$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,796,27924,27925,54758</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10550134$$EView_record_in_IEEE$$FView_record_in_$$GIEEE</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yi Liang, Meng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yu, Di</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Huan Huan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Nan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Ying</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zheng, Chao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feng Dong, Yun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jian Han, Yong</creatorcontrib><title>High Head-Hand Efficiency and Low-SAR Mobile Phone Antenna Design Based on Unidirectional and Uniform Current Distribution</title><title>IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation</title><addtitle>TAP</addtitle><description><![CDATA[A high head-hand efficiency and low-SAR mobile phone antenna is proposed in this article. The impact of the antenna's current distribution on its efficiency and spatial-average specific absorption rate (SAR) is analyzed, revealing that unidirectional and uniform current distributions on the antenna can achieve a dual benefit of high head-hand efficiency and low-SAR values. Based on this idea, a double loop antenna consisted of a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">1\lambda </tex-math></inline-formula> outer loop with differential feed and a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">0.5\lambda </tex-math></inline-formula> inner loop with coupled feed is designed, which can implement unidirectional and uniform current distribution in a wide frequency band. The measured −6 dB impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna can cover 1710-2690 MHz. Its measured average head-hand efficiency from 1710 to 2690 MHz is −5.3 dB (29.5%). Its simulated normalized peak head and body SAR values are lower than 1.0 W/kg.]]></description><subject>Antenna design</subject><subject>Antenna feeds</subject><subject>Antennas</subject><subject>Cell phones</subject><subject>Current distribution</subject><subject>Efficiency</subject><subject>Electromagnetics</subject><subject>Frequencies</subject><subject>head-hand efficiency</subject><subject>Loop antennas</subject><subject>Mobile antennas</subject><subject>Mobile handsets</subject><subject>mobile phone antenna</subject><subject>specific absorption rate (SAR)</subject><issn>0018-926X</issn><issn>1558-2221</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><recordid>eNpNkMFLwzAUh4MoOKd3Dx4CnjuTtmmS45zTCROHTvBW0vRly9iSmbTI_Ovt3A6eHr_H93s8PoSuKRlQSuTdfDgbpCTNB1lOeJbzE9SjjIkkTVN6inqEUJHItPg8RxcxrrqYizzvoZ-JXSzxBFSdTJSr8dgYqy04vcP7OPXfyfvwDb_4yq4Bz5beAR66BpxT-AGiXTh8ryLU2Dv84WxtA-jGeqfWf_1uZXzY4FEbArgGP9jYBFu1e-QSnRm1jnB1nH00fxzPR5Nk-vr0PBpOE005axJutFHdt9xIIZUmsqDAjNQp1UUhINMFI0pzyipT86KWQnBWa5BSZYRWVdZHt4ez2-C_WohNufJt6B6MZUa4oISngnQUOVA6-BgDmHIb7EaFXUlJuRdcdoLLveDyKLir3BwqFgD-4YwRmuXZL22rdzs</recordid><startdate>20240701</startdate><enddate>20240701</enddate><creator>Yi Liang, Meng</creator><creator>Yu, Di</creator><creator>Zhang, Huan Huan</creator><creator>Wang, Nan</creator><creator>Liu, Ying</creator><creator>Zheng, Chao</creator><creator>Feng Dong, Yun</creator><creator>Jian Han, Yong</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5500-1946</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5905-2660</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7567-5393</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4579-832X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20240701</creationdate><title>High Head-Hand Efficiency and Low-SAR Mobile Phone Antenna Design Based on Unidirectional and Uniform Current Distribution</title><author>Yi Liang, Meng ; Yu, Di ; Zhang, Huan Huan ; Wang, Nan ; Liu, Ying ; Zheng, Chao ; Feng Dong, Yun ; Jian Han, Yong</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c175t-7fcfa1487f989ac0961e5f9c21c668e3c650ac715bfd76d98875dce99a301bb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Antenna design</topic><topic>Antenna feeds</topic><topic>Antennas</topic><topic>Cell phones</topic><topic>Current distribution</topic><topic>Efficiency</topic><topic>Electromagnetics</topic><topic>Frequencies</topic><topic>head-hand efficiency</topic><topic>Loop antennas</topic><topic>Mobile antennas</topic><topic>Mobile handsets</topic><topic>mobile phone antenna</topic><topic>specific absorption rate (SAR)</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yi Liang, Meng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yu, Di</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Huan Huan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Nan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Ying</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zheng, Chao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feng Dong, Yun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jian Han, Yong</creatorcontrib><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present</collection><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998-Present</collection><collection>IEEE Electronic Library (IEL)</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Yi Liang, Meng</au><au>Yu, Di</au><au>Zhang, Huan Huan</au><au>Wang, Nan</au><au>Liu, Ying</au><au>Zheng, Chao</au><au>Feng Dong, Yun</au><au>Jian Han, Yong</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>High Head-Hand Efficiency and Low-SAR Mobile Phone Antenna Design Based on Unidirectional and Uniform Current Distribution</atitle><jtitle>IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation</jtitle><stitle>TAP</stitle><date>2024-07-01</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>72</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>5560</spage><epage>5568</epage><pages>5560-5568</pages><issn>0018-926X</issn><eissn>1558-2221</eissn><coden>IETPAK</coden><abstract><![CDATA[A high head-hand efficiency and low-SAR mobile phone antenna is proposed in this article. The impact of the antenna's current distribution on its efficiency and spatial-average specific absorption rate (SAR) is analyzed, revealing that unidirectional and uniform current distributions on the antenna can achieve a dual benefit of high head-hand efficiency and low-SAR values. Based on this idea, a double loop antenna consisted of a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">1\lambda </tex-math></inline-formula> outer loop with differential feed and a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">0.5\lambda </tex-math></inline-formula> inner loop with coupled feed is designed, which can implement unidirectional and uniform current distribution in a wide frequency band. The measured −6 dB impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna can cover 1710-2690 MHz. Its measured average head-hand efficiency from 1710 to 2690 MHz is −5.3 dB (29.5%). Its simulated normalized peak head and body SAR values are lower than 1.0 W/kg.]]></abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/TAP.2024.3407347</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5500-1946</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5905-2660</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7567-5393</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4579-832X</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Antenna design Antenna feeds Antennas Cell phones Current distribution Efficiency Electromagnetics Frequencies head-hand efficiency Loop antennas Mobile antennas Mobile handsets mobile phone antenna specific absorption rate (SAR) |
| title | High Head-Hand Efficiency and Low-SAR Mobile Phone Antenna Design Based on Unidirectional and Uniform Current Distribution |
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