‘To say report it, well, it seems a little useless’: Evaluating Australians' expectations of online service providers and reducing online child sexual exploitation

Online service providers (OSPs) provide a range of opportunities for individuals to engage in online child sexual exploitation, including the production and distribution of child sexual abuse material. As the failings of opaque content moderation systems have become apparent, a range of states have proposed or implemented new regulatory measures, amidst ongoing debates over the legitimacy of state intervention in online communication. This paper presents the findings of a survey of 482 Australian adults regarding their expectations of technology companies and governments in relation to key issues of online child protection. The results suggest strong demands for greater action by OSPs against sexual exploitation, and for governments to legally enshrine some obligations for OSPs, as well as concern about the privacy of innocent users and about the data handling and cybersecurity of governments and technology companies. These findings indicate that governments and OSPs which are seeking to construct meaningful action against online child sexual exploitation might find significant support among the general public for such measures. Equally, these are very sensitive areas of governance for many. Governments and companies would draw significant assistance from understanding the views of users when navigating these challenging issues and ensuring that their measures are carefully calibrated to their legitimate concerns. 摘要 网络服务提供商(OSP)为个人提供了一系列参与网络儿童性剥削的机会，包括制作和传播儿童性虐待材料。鉴于不透明的内容审核系统的缺陷变得显而易见，许多国家已提出或实施了新的监管措施，与此同时，持续的争论聚焦于国家干预在网络传播中的合法性。本文介绍了一项调查结果，调查对象为482名澳大利亚成年人，调查内容涉及他们在网络儿童保护等关键问题方面对科技公司和政府的期望。结果表明，参与者强烈要求OSP采取更大的行动以反对性剥削，并要求政府在法律上规定OSP履行一些义务；参与者还对无辜用户的隐私以及政府和科技公司的数据处理及网络安全表达了担忧。这些发现表明，那些寻求采取有意义的行动以打击网络儿童性剥削的政府和OSP可能会得到公众对此类措施的大力支持。同样，对于许多政府和OSP而言，这些都是非常敏感的治理领域。政府和企业能通过了解用户的观点来获得重大帮助，以期解决这些具有挑战性的问题，并确保其措施能根据其合法关切进行仔细调整。 Resumen Los proveedores de servicios en línea (OSP) brindan una variedad de oportunidades para que las personas participen en la explotación sexual infantil en línea, incluida la producción y distribución de material de abuso sexual infantil. A medida que las fallas de los sistemas opacos de moderación de contenidos se han vuelto evidentes, una serie de estados han propuesto o implementado nuevas medidas regulatorias, en medio de debates en curso sobre la legitimidad de la intervención estatal en la comunicación en línea. Este documento presenta los resultados de una encuesta realizada a 482 adultos australianos sobre sus expectativas sobre