Nephrotoxicity effect of Ginseng Bugis (Talinum paniculatum (Jacq) Gaertn) leaves ethanolic extract on creatinine, urea, and kidney histopathological features

The prolonged use of traditional medicines in large doses is known to potentially cause organ failure, with the kidneys being particularly susceptible. Therefore, the present work aimed to determine the effect of Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn leaves ethanolic extract on serum creatinine and urea parameters, as well as kidney histopathological features, in an animal model. The rats used were separated into four groups. Group I (control) was given Na-CMC 1% (w/v); while groups II, III, and IV were administered ethanolic extract of Ginseng Bugis leaves at doses of 0.8, 1.6, and 2.4 g/kg bw, respectively. The extract was induced orally for 28 days, while the serum creatinine and urea levels were measured using human analyser on days 0 and 29. Additionally, a necropsy for organ retrieval of the kidneys was conducted on day 15. Tissue processing was then carried out for histopathological examination by Haematoxylin Eosin (HE) staining. Based on One way ANOVA statistical analysis on creatinine and urea levels, ethanolic extract of Ginseng Bugis leaves at doses of 0.8, 1.6, and 2.4 g/kg bw had no nephrotoxic effects. Regarding the histopathological features of the kidneys, the dose of 0.8 g/kg bw caused no abnormalities.