Iron overload, an immunosuppression marker in HIV‐infected patients
Purpose Iron overload (IO) has been associated with increased cardiovascular risk (CVR) and metabolic syndrome (MS) in the general population; both elevated CVR and MS are frequent in HIV‐patients. Our aim was to analyze the prevalence of IO in a cohort of asymptomatic patients with HIV infection, a...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of the International AIDS Society 2012-11, Vol.15 (S4), p.1-1 |
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| creator | López‐Calderón, C Palacios, R Cobo, A Moreno, T Ruiz, J Nuño, E Márquez, M Santos, J |
| description | Purpose
Iron overload (IO) has been associated with increased cardiovascular risk (CVR) and metabolic syndrome (MS) in the general population; both elevated CVR and MS are frequent in HIV‐patients. Our aim was to analyze the prevalence of IO in a cohort of asymptomatic patients with HIV infection, and related factors.
Methods
Cross‐sectional study of a cohort of HIV outpatients in regular follow‐up. Demographic, epidemiological, clinical, analytical and therapeutic data were collected. Patients completed a questionnaire about CVR factors and 10‐year CV disease risk estimation (Framingham score), underwent a physical exam, and a fasting blood analysis. IO was defined as a plasma ferritin level higher than 200 μ/L in women and 300 μ/L in men.
Results
571 patients (446 men, 125 women), with a mean age of 43.2 years, sexual transmission of HIV in 68.5%, median CD4 count 474 cell/μL (IQR: 308–666), and 36.3% Aids cases. 86.2% were on antiretroviral therapy (ART), and 74.8% of them had undetectable HIV viral load. 14.6% met MS criteria, and mean CVR at 10 years was 6.67%. IO was detected in 11% of cases. Patients with IO were more immunosuppressed (CD4 count 369 vs 483/μL, p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.7448/IAS.15.6.18304 |
| format | Article |
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Iron overload (IO) has been associated with increased cardiovascular risk (CVR) and metabolic syndrome (MS) in the general population; both elevated CVR and MS are frequent in HIV‐patients. Our aim was to analyze the prevalence of IO in a cohort of asymptomatic patients with HIV infection, and related factors.
Methods
Cross‐sectional study of a cohort of HIV outpatients in regular follow‐up. Demographic, epidemiological, clinical, analytical and therapeutic data were collected. Patients completed a questionnaire about CVR factors and 10‐year CV disease risk estimation (Framingham score), underwent a physical exam, and a fasting blood analysis. IO was defined as a plasma ferritin level higher than 200 μ/L in women and 300 μ/L in men.
Results
571 patients (446 men, 125 women), with a mean age of 43.2 years, sexual transmission of HIV in 68.5%, median CD4 count 474 cell/μL (IQR: 308–666), and 36.3% Aids cases. 86.2% were on antiretroviral therapy (ART), and 74.8% of them had undetectable HIV viral load. 14.6% met MS criteria, and mean CVR at 10 years was 6.67%. IO was detected in 11% of cases. Patients with IO were more immunosuppressed (CD4 count 369 vs 483/μL, p<0.0001), presented a higher prevalence of detectable HIV viral load (17.6% vs 8.9%; p<0.005), and of Aids cases (14.9% vs 8.7%; p<0.023), and lower plasma levels of cholesterol, HDLc and LDLc (154 vs 183, 34 vs 43, 93 vs 110 mg/dL, respectively; p<0.0001. In the multivariate analysis, the only related factor was CD4 count <350 cell/μL (OR 2.86, 95% CI 1.6–4.9; p<0.0001). IO was not associated with CVR nor with MS.
Conclusions
IO is not uncommon in HIV patients, and it is only related with immunosuppression defined as CD4 count <350 cell/μL, and in contrast to general population, it is not related with increased CVR nor with MS.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 1758-2652</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1758-2652</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.7448/IAS.15.6.18304</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Geneva: International AIDS Society</publisher><subject>Acquired immune deficiency syndrome ; AIDS ; Antiretroviral agents ; Antiretroviral drugs ; Health risks ; HIV ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Metabolic disorders ; Multivariate analysis ; Sexually transmitted diseases ; STD</subject><ispartof>Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2012-11, Vol.15 (S4), p.1-1</ispartof><rights>2012 López‐Calderón C et al; licensee International AIDS Society</rights><rights>2012. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2254-2d448599e8427303642817fa0deebbd2992ac14a9b058812d580c75d14cf6e43</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.7448%2FIAS.15.6.18304$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.7448%2FIAS.15.6.18304$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,860,1411,11541,27901,27902,45550,45551,46027,46451</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>López‐Calderón, C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Palacios, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cobo, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moreno, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ruiz, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nuño, E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Márquez, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Santos, J</creatorcontrib><title>Iron overload, an immunosuppression marker in HIV‐infected patients</title><title>Journal of the International AIDS Society</title><description><![CDATA[Purpose
Iron overload (IO) has been associated with increased cardiovascular risk (CVR) and metabolic syndrome (MS) in the general population; both elevated CVR and MS are frequent in HIV‐patients. Our aim was to analyze the prevalence of IO in a cohort of asymptomatic patients with HIV infection, and related factors.
Methods
Cross‐sectional study of a cohort of HIV outpatients in regular follow‐up. Demographic, epidemiological, clinical, analytical and therapeutic data were collected. Patients completed a questionnaire about CVR factors and 10‐year CV disease risk estimation (Framingham score), underwent a physical exam, and a fasting blood analysis. IO was defined as a plasma ferritin level higher than 200 μ/L in women and 300 μ/L in men.
Results
571 patients (446 men, 125 women), with a mean age of 43.2 years, sexual transmission of HIV in 68.5%, median CD4 count 474 cell/μL (IQR: 308–666), and 36.3% Aids cases. 86.2% were on antiretroviral therapy (ART), and 74.8% of them had undetectable HIV viral load. 14.6% met MS criteria, and mean CVR at 10 years was 6.67%. IO was detected in 11% of cases. Patients with IO were more immunosuppressed (CD4 count 369 vs 483/μL, p<0.0001), presented a higher prevalence of detectable HIV viral load (17.6% vs 8.9%; p<0.005), and of Aids cases (14.9% vs 8.7%; p<0.023), and lower plasma levels of cholesterol, HDLc and LDLc (154 vs 183, 34 vs 43, 93 vs 110 mg/dL, respectively; p<0.0001. In the multivariate analysis, the only related factor was CD4 count <350 cell/μL (OR 2.86, 95% CI 1.6–4.9; p<0.0001). IO was not associated with CVR nor with MS.
Conclusions
IO is not uncommon in HIV patients, and it is only related with immunosuppression defined as CD4 count <350 cell/μL, and in contrast to general population, it is not related with increased CVR nor with MS.]]></description><subject>Acquired immune deficiency syndrome</subject><subject>AIDS</subject><subject>Antiretroviral agents</subject><subject>Antiretroviral drugs</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>HIV</subject><subject>Human immunodeficiency virus</subject><subject>Metabolic disorders</subject><subject>Multivariate analysis</subject><subject>Sexually transmitted diseases</subject><subject>STD</subject><issn>1758-2652</issn><issn>1758-2652</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkLFOwzAQhi0EEqWwMkdiJcG-2I49VlWhQZUYqFgtN3Ekl9YOdgLqxiPwjDwJoWVggulOuu-_--9H6JLgrKBU3JSTx4ywjGdE5JgeoREpmEiBMzj-1Z-isxjXGHMQVI7QrAzeJf7VhI3X9XWiXWK329752LdtMDHaYbzV4dmExLpkXj59vn9Y15iqM3XS6s4a18VzdNLoTTQXP3WMlrez5XSeLh7uyulkkVYAjKZQDz6ZlEZQKHKccwqCFI3GtTGrVQ1Sgq4I1XKFmRAEaiZwVbCa0KrhhuZjdHVY2wb_0pvYqbXvgxsuqhzzggPDRf4XBSAxyblgeKCyA1UFH2MwjWqDHR7dKYLVd55qyFMRprja5zkI6EHwZjdm9w-t7ssJ7GVfMRh22A</recordid><startdate>201211</startdate><enddate>201211</enddate><creator>López‐Calderón, C</creator><creator>Palacios, R</creator><creator>Cobo, A</creator><creator>Moreno, T</creator><creator>Ruiz, J</creator><creator>Nuño, E</creator><creator>Márquez, M</creator><creator>Santos, J</creator><general>International AIDS Society</general><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201211</creationdate><title>Iron overload, an immunosuppression marker in HIV‐infected patients</title><author>López‐Calderón, C ; Palacios, R ; Cobo, A ; Moreno, T ; Ruiz, J ; Nuño, E ; Márquez, M ; Santos, J</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2254-2d448599e8427303642817fa0deebbd2992ac14a9b058812d580c75d14cf6e43</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Acquired immune deficiency syndrome</topic><topic>AIDS</topic><topic>Antiretroviral agents</topic><topic>Antiretroviral drugs</topic><topic>Health risks</topic><topic>HIV</topic><topic>Human immunodeficiency virus</topic><topic>Metabolic disorders</topic><topic>Multivariate analysis</topic><topic>Sexually transmitted diseases</topic><topic>STD</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>López‐Calderón, C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Palacios, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cobo, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moreno, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ruiz, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nuño, E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Márquez, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Santos, J</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley-Blackwell Open Access Titles</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><jtitle>Journal of the International AIDS Society</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>López‐Calderón, C</au><au>Palacios, R</au><au>Cobo, A</au><au>Moreno, T</au><au>Ruiz, J</au><au>Nuño, E</au><au>Márquez, M</au><au>Santos, J</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Iron overload, an immunosuppression marker in HIV‐infected patients</atitle><jtitle>Journal of the International AIDS Society</jtitle><date>2012-11</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>S4</issue><spage>1</spage><epage>1</epage><pages>1-1</pages><issn>1758-2652</issn><eissn>1758-2652</eissn><abstract><![CDATA[Purpose
Iron overload (IO) has been associated with increased cardiovascular risk (CVR) and metabolic syndrome (MS) in the general population; both elevated CVR and MS are frequent in HIV‐patients. Our aim was to analyze the prevalence of IO in a cohort of asymptomatic patients with HIV infection, and related factors.
Methods
Cross‐sectional study of a cohort of HIV outpatients in regular follow‐up. Demographic, epidemiological, clinical, analytical and therapeutic data were collected. Patients completed a questionnaire about CVR factors and 10‐year CV disease risk estimation (Framingham score), underwent a physical exam, and a fasting blood analysis. IO was defined as a plasma ferritin level higher than 200 μ/L in women and 300 μ/L in men.
Results
571 patients (446 men, 125 women), with a mean age of 43.2 years, sexual transmission of HIV in 68.5%, median CD4 count 474 cell/μL (IQR: 308–666), and 36.3% Aids cases. 86.2% were on antiretroviral therapy (ART), and 74.8% of them had undetectable HIV viral load. 14.6% met MS criteria, and mean CVR at 10 years was 6.67%. IO was detected in 11% of cases. Patients with IO were more immunosuppressed (CD4 count 369 vs 483/μL, p<0.0001), presented a higher prevalence of detectable HIV viral load (17.6% vs 8.9%; p<0.005), and of Aids cases (14.9% vs 8.7%; p<0.023), and lower plasma levels of cholesterol, HDLc and LDLc (154 vs 183, 34 vs 43, 93 vs 110 mg/dL, respectively; p<0.0001. In the multivariate analysis, the only related factor was CD4 count <350 cell/μL (OR 2.86, 95% CI 1.6–4.9; p<0.0001). IO was not associated with CVR nor with MS.
Conclusions
IO is not uncommon in HIV patients, and it is only related with immunosuppression defined as CD4 count <350 cell/μL, and in contrast to general population, it is not related with increased CVR nor with MS.]]></abstract><cop>Geneva</cop><pub>International AIDS Society</pub><doi>10.7448/IAS.15.6.18304</doi><tpages>1</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIDS Antiretroviral agents Antiretroviral drugs Health risks HIV Human immunodeficiency virus Metabolic disorders Multivariate analysis Sexually transmitted diseases STD |
| title | Iron overload, an immunosuppression marker in HIV‐infected patients |
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