Trends in seasonal precipitation extremes and associated temperatures along continental Chile
We characterize trends in maximum seasonal daily precipitation (seasonal Rx1day), minimum (Tn), and maximum (Tx) daily temperatures during days with precipitation over continental Chile for the period 1979–2017, using surface stations and the AgERA5 gridded product derived from the ERA5 reanalysis d...
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description | We characterize trends in maximum seasonal daily precipitation (seasonal Rx1day), minimum (Tn), and maximum (Tx) daily temperatures during days with precipitation over continental Chile for the period 1979–2017, using surface stations and the AgERA5 gridded product derived from the ERA5 reanalysis dataset. We also examine seasonal trends of Sea Surface Temperature (SST), Precipitable Water (PW), Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE), Eddy Kinetic Energy (EKE), Atmospheric Rivers (ARs) frequency, and upper air observations to seek possible mechanisms that explain precipitation trends. Our results show an increase in seasonal Rx1day during fall in the south part of Northern Chile (15–30°S) and during fall and winter in Austral Chile (45–57°S), and mostly negative trends in Central Chile (30–36°S), where a few locations with positive trends along the coast during summer. Temperature trends presented cooling patterns north of 33°S in almost all the seasons (< -2 °C/dec), while warming trends prevail south of 38°S (> 1 °C/dec). The highest values in Tn trends are obtained on the western slopes of the Andes around 30°S. We also explore temperature scaling in surface stations, finding strong positive super Clausius Clapeyron with Tn, especially between fall and spring in the 33–40°S region. Sounding observations in five stations across Chile suggest warming trends at 23.5°, 33°S, and 53°S, with a stabilization effect by enhanced warming in the upper troposphere, while presenting cooling trends in Puerto Montt (41.5°S). Seasonal trends in PW reveal moistening along southern Peru and northern Chile during spring and summer. Positive trends in CAPE are observed over 35–40°S (austral summer and fall) and the north Altiplano (autumn). SST analyses reveal strong cooling around 30°S in winter, which may explain the negative trends in seasonal Rx1day in central Chile. A warming spot on the northern Peruvian coast during fall may be responsible for humidification in front of Northern Chile, particularly during summer and fall. Positive EKE trends are detected south of 40°S, being stronger and reaching almost all of the coast during spring. ARs frequency unveils negative trends up to -5 days/dec during summer and positive trends of 1 day/dec in 40°- 50°S coastal regions during spring. More generally, the results presented here shed light on the main large-scale processes driving recent trends in precipitation extremes across continental Chile. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00382-024-07127-z |
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We also examine seasonal trends of Sea Surface Temperature (SST), Precipitable Water (PW), Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE), Eddy Kinetic Energy (EKE), Atmospheric Rivers (ARs) frequency, and upper air observations to seek possible mechanisms that explain precipitation trends. Our results show an increase in seasonal Rx1day during fall in the south part of Northern Chile (15–30°S) and during fall and winter in Austral Chile (45–57°S), and mostly negative trends in Central Chile (30–36°S), where a few locations with positive trends along the coast during summer. Temperature trends presented cooling patterns north of 33°S in almost all the seasons (< -2 °C/dec), while warming trends prevail south of 38°S (> 1 °C/dec). The highest values in Tn trends are obtained on the western slopes of the Andes around 30°S. We also explore temperature scaling in surface stations, finding strong positive super Clausius Clapeyron with Tn, especially between fall and spring in the 33–40°S region. Sounding observations in five stations across Chile suggest warming trends at 23.5°, 33°S, and 53°S, with a stabilization effect by enhanced warming in the upper troposphere, while presenting cooling trends in Puerto Montt (41.5°S). Seasonal trends in PW reveal moistening along southern Peru and northern Chile during spring and summer. Positive trends in CAPE are observed over 35–40°S (austral summer and fall) and the north Altiplano (autumn). SST analyses reveal strong cooling around 30°S in winter, which may explain the negative trends in seasonal Rx1day in central Chile. A warming spot on the northern Peruvian coast during fall may be responsible for humidification in front of Northern Chile, particularly during summer and fall. Positive EKE trends are detected south of 40°S, being stronger and reaching almost all of the coast during spring. ARs frequency unveils negative trends up to -5 days/dec during summer and positive trends of 1 day/dec in 40°- 50°S coastal regions during spring. More generally, the results presented here shed light on the main large-scale processes driving recent trends in precipitation extremes across continental Chile.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0930-7575</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-0894</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00382-024-07127-z</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Capes (landforms) ; Climatology ; Coastal zone ; Convective available potential energy ; Cooling ; Daily precipitation ; Daily temperatures ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Earth Sciences ; Eddy kinetic energy ; Extreme weather ; Geophysics/Geodesy ; Humidification ; Kinetic energy ; Oceanography ; Original Article ; Potential energy ; Precipitable water ; Precipitation ; Precipitation trends ; Rivers ; Scaling ; Sea surface ; Sea surface temperature ; Seasonal precipitation ; Spring ; Spring (season) ; Summer ; Surface temperature ; Temperature ; Temperature trends ; Trends ; Troposphere ; Upper troposphere ; Winter</subject><ispartof>Climate dynamics, 2024-05, Vol.62 (5), p.4205-4222</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c270t-3bceeb2c0fae6c46c2a478fed082f7035a17000fb51e031cf6ddeb5bbb26e5d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00382-024-07127-z$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00382-024-07127-z$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lagos-Zúñiga, Miguel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mendoza, Pablo A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Campos, Diego</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rondanelli, Roberto</creatorcontrib><title>Trends in seasonal precipitation extremes and associated temperatures along continental Chile</title><title>Climate dynamics</title><addtitle>Clim Dyn</addtitle><description>We characterize trends in maximum seasonal daily precipitation (seasonal Rx1day), minimum (Tn), and maximum (Tx) daily temperatures during days with precipitation over continental Chile for the period 1979–2017, using surface stations and the AgERA5 gridded product derived from the ERA5 reanalysis dataset. We also examine seasonal trends of Sea Surface Temperature (SST), Precipitable Water (PW), Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE), Eddy Kinetic Energy (EKE), Atmospheric Rivers (ARs) frequency, and upper air observations to seek possible mechanisms that explain precipitation trends. Our results show an increase in seasonal Rx1day during fall in the south part of Northern Chile (15–30°S) and during fall and winter in Austral Chile (45–57°S), and mostly negative trends in Central Chile (30–36°S), where a few locations with positive trends along the coast during summer. Temperature trends presented cooling patterns north of 33°S in almost all the seasons (< -2 °C/dec), while warming trends prevail south of 38°S (> 1 °C/dec). The highest values in Tn trends are obtained on the western slopes of the Andes around 30°S. We also explore temperature scaling in surface stations, finding strong positive super Clausius Clapeyron with Tn, especially between fall and spring in the 33–40°S region. Sounding observations in five stations across Chile suggest warming trends at 23.5°, 33°S, and 53°S, with a stabilization effect by enhanced warming in the upper troposphere, while presenting cooling trends in Puerto Montt (41.5°S). Seasonal trends in PW reveal moistening along southern Peru and northern Chile during spring and summer. Positive trends in CAPE are observed over 35–40°S (austral summer and fall) and the north Altiplano (autumn). SST analyses reveal strong cooling around 30°S in winter, which may explain the negative trends in seasonal Rx1day in central Chile. A warming spot on the northern Peruvian coast during fall may be responsible for humidification in front of Northern Chile, particularly during summer and fall. Positive EKE trends are detected south of 40°S, being stronger and reaching almost all of the coast during spring. ARs frequency unveils negative trends up to -5 days/dec during summer and positive trends of 1 day/dec in 40°- 50°S coastal regions during spring. More generally, the results presented here shed light on the main large-scale processes driving recent trends in precipitation extremes across continental Chile.</description><subject>Capes (landforms)</subject><subject>Climatology</subject><subject>Coastal zone</subject><subject>Convective available potential energy</subject><subject>Cooling</subject><subject>Daily precipitation</subject><subject>Daily temperatures</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Eddy kinetic energy</subject><subject>Extreme weather</subject><subject>Geophysics/Geodesy</subject><subject>Humidification</subject><subject>Kinetic energy</subject><subject>Oceanography</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Potential energy</subject><subject>Precipitable water</subject><subject>Precipitation</subject><subject>Precipitation trends</subject><subject>Rivers</subject><subject>Scaling</subject><subject>Sea surface</subject><subject>Sea surface temperature</subject><subject>Seasonal precipitation</subject><subject>Spring</subject><subject>Spring (season)</subject><subject>Summer</subject><subject>Surface temperature</subject><subject>Temperature</subject><subject>Temperature trends</subject><subject>Trends</subject><subject>Troposphere</subject><subject>Upper troposphere</subject><subject>Winter</subject><issn>0930-7575</issn><issn>1432-0894</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kE1LAzEQhoMoWKt_wFPAc3SS7G62Ryl-QcFLrxKy2dmask3WJAXtr3frCt48Dcw87wvzEHLN4ZYDqLsEIGvBQBQMFBeKHU7IjBdyXNWL4pTMYCGBqVKV5-QipS0ALyolZuRtHdG3iTpPE5oUvOnpENG6wWWTXfAUP3PEHSZqfEtNSsE6k7GlGXcDRpP38Xjrg99QG3x2Hn0eS5bvrsdLctaZPuHV75yT9ePDevnMVq9PL8v7FbNCQWaysYiNsNAZrGxRWWEKVXfYQi06BbI0XAFA15QcQXLbVW2LTdk0jaiwbOWc3Ey1Qwwfe0xZb8M-jq8kLaESaiGVlCMlJsrGkFLETg_R7Uz80hz00aKeLOrRov6xqA9jSE6hNMJ-g_Gv-p_UNx2JeIc</recordid><startdate>20240501</startdate><enddate>20240501</enddate><creator>Lagos-Zúñiga, Miguel</creator><creator>Mendoza, Pablo A.</creator><creator>Campos, Diego</creator><creator>Rondanelli, Roberto</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L.G</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20240501</creationdate><title>Trends in seasonal precipitation extremes and associated temperatures along continental Chile</title><author>Lagos-Zúñiga, Miguel ; Mendoza, Pablo A. ; Campos, Diego ; Rondanelli, Roberto</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c270t-3bceeb2c0fae6c46c2a478fed082f7035a17000fb51e031cf6ddeb5bbb26e5d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Capes (landforms)</topic><topic>Climatology</topic><topic>Coastal zone</topic><topic>Convective available potential energy</topic><topic>Cooling</topic><topic>Daily precipitation</topic><topic>Daily temperatures</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Earth Sciences</topic><topic>Eddy kinetic energy</topic><topic>Extreme weather</topic><topic>Geophysics/Geodesy</topic><topic>Humidification</topic><topic>Kinetic energy</topic><topic>Oceanography</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Potential energy</topic><topic>Precipitable water</topic><topic>Precipitation</topic><topic>Precipitation trends</topic><topic>Rivers</topic><topic>Scaling</topic><topic>Sea surface</topic><topic>Sea surface temperature</topic><topic>Seasonal precipitation</topic><topic>Spring</topic><topic>Spring (season)</topic><topic>Summer</topic><topic>Surface temperature</topic><topic>Temperature</topic><topic>Temperature trends</topic><topic>Trends</topic><topic>Troposphere</topic><topic>Upper troposphere</topic><topic>Winter</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lagos-Zúñiga, Miguel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mendoza, Pablo A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Campos, Diego</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rondanelli, Roberto</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><jtitle>Climate dynamics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lagos-Zúñiga, Miguel</au><au>Mendoza, Pablo A.</au><au>Campos, Diego</au><au>Rondanelli, Roberto</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Trends in seasonal precipitation extremes and associated temperatures along continental Chile</atitle><jtitle>Climate dynamics</jtitle><stitle>Clim Dyn</stitle><date>2024-05-01</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>62</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>4205</spage><epage>4222</epage><pages>4205-4222</pages><issn>0930-7575</issn><eissn>1432-0894</eissn><abstract>We characterize trends in maximum seasonal daily precipitation (seasonal Rx1day), minimum (Tn), and maximum (Tx) daily temperatures during days with precipitation over continental Chile for the period 1979–2017, using surface stations and the AgERA5 gridded product derived from the ERA5 reanalysis dataset. We also examine seasonal trends of Sea Surface Temperature (SST), Precipitable Water (PW), Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE), Eddy Kinetic Energy (EKE), Atmospheric Rivers (ARs) frequency, and upper air observations to seek possible mechanisms that explain precipitation trends. Our results show an increase in seasonal Rx1day during fall in the south part of Northern Chile (15–30°S) and during fall and winter in Austral Chile (45–57°S), and mostly negative trends in Central Chile (30–36°S), where a few locations with positive trends along the coast during summer. Temperature trends presented cooling patterns north of 33°S in almost all the seasons (< -2 °C/dec), while warming trends prevail south of 38°S (> 1 °C/dec). The highest values in Tn trends are obtained on the western slopes of the Andes around 30°S. We also explore temperature scaling in surface stations, finding strong positive super Clausius Clapeyron with Tn, especially between fall and spring in the 33–40°S region. Sounding observations in five stations across Chile suggest warming trends at 23.5°, 33°S, and 53°S, with a stabilization effect by enhanced warming in the upper troposphere, while presenting cooling trends in Puerto Montt (41.5°S). Seasonal trends in PW reveal moistening along southern Peru and northern Chile during spring and summer. Positive trends in CAPE are observed over 35–40°S (austral summer and fall) and the north Altiplano (autumn). SST analyses reveal strong cooling around 30°S in winter, which may explain the negative trends in seasonal Rx1day in central Chile. A warming spot on the northern Peruvian coast during fall may be responsible for humidification in front of Northern Chile, particularly during summer and fall. Positive EKE trends are detected south of 40°S, being stronger and reaching almost all of the coast during spring. ARs frequency unveils negative trends up to -5 days/dec during summer and positive trends of 1 day/dec in 40°- 50°S coastal regions during spring. More generally, the results presented here shed light on the main large-scale processes driving recent trends in precipitation extremes across continental Chile.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><doi>10.1007/s00382-024-07127-z</doi><tpages>18</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Capes (landforms) Climatology Coastal zone Convective available potential energy Cooling Daily precipitation Daily temperatures Earth and Environmental Science Earth Sciences Eddy kinetic energy Extreme weather Geophysics/Geodesy Humidification Kinetic energy Oceanography Original Article Potential energy Precipitable water Precipitation Precipitation trends Rivers Scaling Sea surface Sea surface temperature Seasonal precipitation Spring Spring (season) Summer Surface temperature Temperature Temperature trends Trends Troposphere Upper troposphere Winter |
title | Trends in seasonal precipitation extremes and associated temperatures along continental Chile |
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