Vehicle-to-Vehicle VLC Based on PSD Sensor: System Modeling and Effects of Multipath in Unfavorable Situations

Vehicular communication-based visible light presents an excellent solution to ensure road safety and transportation efficiency in critical environments like tunnels, underground garages, or covered parking lots where traditionally RF solutions cannot provide an efficient communication. In this article, we propose a new multipath channel model for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V)-visible light communication (VLC) in unfavorable situations like in tunnels by using a position-sensitive detector (PSD) sensor. The performance of the derived channel model is evaluated using statistical measures based on numerical simulations in terms of channel impulse response (CIR), channel dc gain, and root-mean-square delay spread (RMS-DS) to quantify the effects of multipath propagation. Monte Carlo simulation is also used to explore the statistical model obtained for different transmission scenarios. Additionally, we evaluate the influence of various model parameters, such as road width and intervehicular distance, on the performance of the V2V channel. The main results are compared with typical Lambertian reflector model to confirm the validity of the proposed model.