A Novel Microwave Sensor Based on Modified Rat-Race Coupler for Extracting Real Permittivity and Concentration of Binary Aqueous Solution

A novel microwave sensor based on modified rat-race coupler for extracting complex permittivity of binary aqueous solution is proposed in this article. The proposed microwave sensing system consists of the modified rat-race coupler, gain/phase RF detector, and voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO). Th...

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Veröffentlicht in:	IEEE sensors journal 2024-05, Vol.24 (9), p.14213-14228
Hauptverfasser:	Wu, Wen-Jing, Zhao, Wen-Sheng, Wang, Wensong
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Aqueous solutions Complex permittivity Couplers DC voltage Impedance Mathematical analysis Microwave sensors multistepped-impedance transmission line (MSITL) Permittivity Phase detectors rat-race coupler Reflectance Resonant frequency Sensitivity Sensor phenomena and characterization Sensors Transmission lines Voltage controlled oscillators
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