Negative to positive shifts in diversity effects on soil nitrogen over time
Soil nitrogen (N) availability is of critical importance to the productivity of terrestrial ecosystems worldwide. Plant diversity continues to decline globally due to habitat conversion and degradation, but its influence on soil N remains uncertain. By conducting a global meta-analysis of 1,650 pair...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Nature sustainability 2021-03, Vol.4 (3), p.225-232 |
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description | Soil nitrogen (N) availability is of critical importance to the productivity of terrestrial ecosystems worldwide. Plant diversity continues to decline globally due to habitat conversion and degradation, but its influence on soil N remains uncertain. By conducting a global meta-analysis of 1,650 paired observations of soil N in plant species mixtures and monocultures from 149 studies, we show that, on average across observations, soil total N is 6.1% higher in species mixtures. This mixture effect on total N becomes more positive with the number of species in mixtures and with stand age. The mixture effects on net N mineralization rate and inorganic N concentrations shift from negative in young stands to positive in older stands with greater positive effects in more-diverse mixtures. These effects of mixtures were consistent among cropland, forest and grassland ecosystems and held across climate zones. Our results suggest that plant diversity conservation not only enhances the productivity of current vegetation but also increases soil N retention that will sustain the productivity of future vegetation.
Soil nitrogen is vital for terrestrial ecosystems. This study finds that soil nitrogen increases with the number and age of plant species, suggesting another benefit from conserving plant diversity. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1038/s41893-020-00641-y |
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Soil nitrogen is vital for terrestrial ecosystems. 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H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Searle, Eric B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Chen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reich, Peter B.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Nature sustainability</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Chen, Xinli</au><au>Chen, Han Y. H.</au><au>Searle, Eric B.</au><au>Chen, Chen</au><au>Reich, Peter B.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Negative to positive shifts in diversity effects on soil nitrogen over time</atitle><jtitle>Nature sustainability</jtitle><stitle>Nat Sustain</stitle><date>2021-03-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>4</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>225</spage><epage>232</epage><pages>225-232</pages><issn>2398-9629</issn><eissn>2398-9629</eissn><abstract>Soil nitrogen (N) availability is of critical importance to the productivity of terrestrial ecosystems worldwide. Plant diversity continues to decline globally due to habitat conversion and degradation, but its influence on soil N remains uncertain. By conducting a global meta-analysis of 1,650 paired observations of soil N in plant species mixtures and monocultures from 149 studies, we show that, on average across observations, soil total N is 6.1% higher in species mixtures. This mixture effect on total N becomes more positive with the number of species in mixtures and with stand age. The mixture effects on net N mineralization rate and inorganic N concentrations shift from negative in young stands to positive in older stands with greater positive effects in more-diverse mixtures. These effects of mixtures were consistent among cropland, forest and grassland ecosystems and held across climate zones. Our results suggest that plant diversity conservation not only enhances the productivity of current vegetation but also increases soil N retention that will sustain the productivity of future vegetation.
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subjects | 631/158/670 631/45/47/4112 Agricultural land Earth and Environmental Science Environment Flowers & plants Grasslands Mineralization Monoculture Nitrogen Plant diversity Plant species Productivity Soils Sustainable Development Terrestrial ecosystems Vegetation |
title | Negative to positive shifts in diversity effects on soil nitrogen over time |
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