Automatic Control of Nucleation and Crystal Growth Using Online Raman Analyzer
The accurate determination of crystal formation during crystallization is crucial for obtaining crystal products with consistent quality and quantity. In this study, we aimed to identify the feasibility of using Raman spectroscopy to monitor the crystal growth stage in the crystallization process us...
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description | The accurate determination of crystal formation during crystallization is crucial for obtaining crystal products with consistent quality and quantity. In this study, we aimed to identify the feasibility of using Raman spectroscopy to monitor the crystal growth stage in the crystallization process using cephalosporin intermediate 7-ACT as an example molecule. By observing the changes in the characteristic peak of the 7-ACT crystal (504 cm−1) and the characteristic peak of the solvent acetonitrile (914 cm−1), a correlation between the crystal growth stage and the change in the Raman intensity of the crystal solution was discovered. The determination of the optimal starting time for the crystal growth stage through a Raman analyzer significantly improves the consistency of crystal product quality. This led to a fivefold reduction in the variation in the weight and water content of the final 7-ACT crystal products compared to those obtained via manual control. In addition, our experiments also indicated that Raman monitoring could be more efficient at enabling the chemical synthesis reaction to be completed compared to manual control. Thus, our work demonstrates the potential of Raman spectroscopy in the real-time control of chemical synthesis reactions and crystallization processes. |
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In this study, we aimed to identify the feasibility of using Raman spectroscopy to monitor the crystal growth stage in the crystallization process using cephalosporin intermediate 7-ACT as an example molecule. By observing the changes in the characteristic peak of the 7-ACT crystal (504 cm−1) and the characteristic peak of the solvent acetonitrile (914 cm−1), a correlation between the crystal growth stage and the change in the Raman intensity of the crystal solution was discovered. The determination of the optimal starting time for the crystal growth stage through a Raman analyzer significantly improves the consistency of crystal product quality. This led to a fivefold reduction in the variation in the weight and water content of the final 7-ACT crystal products compared to those obtained via manual control. In addition, our experiments also indicated that Raman monitoring could be more efficient at enabling the chemical synthesis reaction to be completed compared to manual control. Thus, our work demonstrates the potential of Raman spectroscopy in the real-time control of chemical synthesis reactions and crystallization processes.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2227-9717</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2227-9717</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/pr12040774</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Acetonitrile ; Acids ; Ammonia ; Analytical instruments ; Automatic control ; Backup software ; Cephalosporins ; Chemical reactions ; Chemical synthesis ; Cooling ; Crystal growth ; Crystallization ; Crystals ; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ; Fourier transforms ; Growth stage ; Manual control ; Moisture content ; Nucleation ; Pharmaceuticals ; Phase transitions ; Product quality ; Quality management ; Raman spectroscopy ; Sodium ; Solvents ; Spectrum analysis ; Temperature ; Water content</subject><ispartof>Processes, 2024-04, Vol.12 (4), p.774</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c293t-f1154e1415f4c6508358cacd076f40cf904149287a45cb2667a5113b9cb404aa3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Li, Aofei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chang, Boxue</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Zhen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Biao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ji, Kaidi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Yangshun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ou, Shiqiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Fengming</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wei, Jiaoning</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ruan, Yinlan</creatorcontrib><title>Automatic Control of Nucleation and Crystal Growth Using Online Raman Analyzer</title><title>Processes</title><description>The accurate determination of crystal formation during crystallization is crucial for obtaining crystal products with consistent quality and quantity. In this study, we aimed to identify the feasibility of using Raman spectroscopy to monitor the crystal growth stage in the crystallization process using cephalosporin intermediate 7-ACT as an example molecule. By observing the changes in the characteristic peak of the 7-ACT crystal (504 cm−1) and the characteristic peak of the solvent acetonitrile (914 cm−1), a correlation between the crystal growth stage and the change in the Raman intensity of the crystal solution was discovered. The determination of the optimal starting time for the crystal growth stage through a Raman analyzer significantly improves the consistency of crystal product quality. This led to a fivefold reduction in the variation in the weight and water content of the final 7-ACT crystal products compared to those obtained via manual control. In addition, our experiments also indicated that Raman monitoring could be more efficient at enabling the chemical synthesis reaction to be completed compared to manual control. Thus, our work demonstrates the potential of Raman spectroscopy in the real-time control of chemical synthesis reactions and crystallization processes.</description><subject>Acetonitrile</subject><subject>Acids</subject><subject>Ammonia</subject><subject>Analytical instruments</subject><subject>Automatic control</subject><subject>Backup software</subject><subject>Cephalosporins</subject><subject>Chemical reactions</subject><subject>Chemical synthesis</subject><subject>Cooling</subject><subject>Crystal growth</subject><subject>Crystallization</subject><subject>Crystals</subject><subject>Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid</subject><subject>Fourier transforms</subject><subject>Growth stage</subject><subject>Manual control</subject><subject>Moisture content</subject><subject>Nucleation</subject><subject>Pharmaceuticals</subject><subject>Phase transitions</subject><subject>Product quality</subject><subject>Quality management</subject><subject>Raman spectroscopy</subject><subject>Sodium</subject><subject>Solvents</subject><subject>Spectrum analysis</subject><subject>Temperature</subject><subject>Water content</subject><issn>2227-9717</issn><issn>2227-9717</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNpNUE1LAzEUDKJgqb34CwLehK35zua4LFqF0oLY85KmSd2ym9Qki9Rf70oFfZf3GGbeDAPALUZzShV6OEZMEENSsgswIYTIQkksL__d12CW0gGNozAtuZiAVTXk0OvcGlgHn2PoYHBwNZjOjmDwUPsdrOMpZd3BRQyf-R1uUuv3cO271lv4qnvtYeV1d_qy8QZcOd0lO_vdU7B5enyrn4vlevFSV8vCEEVz4TDmzGKGuWNGcFRSXhptdkgKx5BxCjHMFCmlZtxsiRBSc4zpVpktQ0xrOgV357_HGD4Gm3JzCEMcQ6SGIiYRE5yIkTU_s_a6s03rXchRjz56Z_vWBG9dO-KVVJRzLBAZBfdngYkhpWhdc4xtr-Opwaj56bj565h-A8rWbF0</recordid><startdate>20240401</startdate><enddate>20240401</enddate><creator>Li, Aofei</creator><creator>Chang, Boxue</creator><creator>Li, Zhen</creator><creator>Chen, Biao</creator><creator>Ji, Kaidi</creator><creator>Chen, Yangshun</creator><creator>Ou, Shiqiang</creator><creator>Zhang, Fengming</creator><creator>Wei, Jiaoning</creator><creator>Ruan, Yinlan</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20240401</creationdate><title>Automatic Control of Nucleation and Crystal Growth Using Online Raman Analyzer</title><author>Li, Aofei ; Chang, Boxue ; Li, Zhen ; Chen, Biao ; Ji, Kaidi ; Chen, Yangshun ; Ou, Shiqiang ; Zhang, Fengming ; Wei, Jiaoning ; Ruan, Yinlan</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c293t-f1154e1415f4c6508358cacd076f40cf904149287a45cb2667a5113b9cb404aa3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Acetonitrile</topic><topic>Acids</topic><topic>Ammonia</topic><topic>Analytical instruments</topic><topic>Automatic control</topic><topic>Backup software</topic><topic>Cephalosporins</topic><topic>Chemical reactions</topic><topic>Chemical synthesis</topic><topic>Cooling</topic><topic>Crystal growth</topic><topic>Crystallization</topic><topic>Crystals</topic><topic>Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid</topic><topic>Fourier transforms</topic><topic>Growth stage</topic><topic>Manual control</topic><topic>Moisture content</topic><topic>Nucleation</topic><topic>Pharmaceuticals</topic><topic>Phase transitions</topic><topic>Product quality</topic><topic>Quality management</topic><topic>Raman spectroscopy</topic><topic>Sodium</topic><topic>Solvents</topic><topic>Spectrum analysis</topic><topic>Temperature</topic><topic>Water content</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Li, Aofei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chang, Boxue</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Zhen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Biao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ji, Kaidi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Yangshun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ou, Shiqiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Fengming</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wei, Jiaoning</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ruan, Yinlan</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><jtitle>Processes</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Li, Aofei</au><au>Chang, Boxue</au><au>Li, Zhen</au><au>Chen, Biao</au><au>Ji, Kaidi</au><au>Chen, Yangshun</au><au>Ou, Shiqiang</au><au>Zhang, Fengming</au><au>Wei, Jiaoning</au><au>Ruan, Yinlan</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Automatic Control of Nucleation and Crystal Growth Using Online Raman Analyzer</atitle><jtitle>Processes</jtitle><date>2024-04-01</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>12</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>774</spage><pages>774-</pages><issn>2227-9717</issn><eissn>2227-9717</eissn><abstract>The accurate determination of crystal formation during crystallization is crucial for obtaining crystal products with consistent quality and quantity. In this study, we aimed to identify the feasibility of using Raman spectroscopy to monitor the crystal growth stage in the crystallization process using cephalosporin intermediate 7-ACT as an example molecule. By observing the changes in the characteristic peak of the 7-ACT crystal (504 cm−1) and the characteristic peak of the solvent acetonitrile (914 cm−1), a correlation between the crystal growth stage and the change in the Raman intensity of the crystal solution was discovered. The determination of the optimal starting time for the crystal growth stage through a Raman analyzer significantly improves the consistency of crystal product quality. This led to a fivefold reduction in the variation in the weight and water content of the final 7-ACT crystal products compared to those obtained via manual control. In addition, our experiments also indicated that Raman monitoring could be more efficient at enabling the chemical synthesis reaction to be completed compared to manual control. Thus, our work demonstrates the potential of Raman spectroscopy in the real-time control of chemical synthesis reactions and crystallization processes.</abstract><cop>Basel</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><doi>10.3390/pr12040774</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Acetonitrile Acids Ammonia Analytical instruments Automatic control Backup software Cephalosporins Chemical reactions Chemical synthesis Cooling Crystal growth Crystallization Crystals Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid Fourier transforms Growth stage Manual control Moisture content Nucleation Pharmaceuticals Phase transitions Product quality Quality management Raman spectroscopy Sodium Solvents Spectrum analysis Temperature Water content |
title | Automatic Control of Nucleation and Crystal Growth Using Online Raman Analyzer |
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