Self-supporting multi-functional two-dimensional nanofilms for flexible perceptual devices: review

The extraordinary mechanical capabilities of 2D self-supporting nanofilms render them highly desirable for fabricating flexible devices. These films possess unique structural properties at the nanoscale, translating into exceptional rigidity or flexibility at the macroscopic level. Their remarkable ability to maintain structural integrity and shape under stress situations empowers them to bend, fold, and twist without compromising performance. Furthermore, the excellent elasticity of film enables them to adapt to curved surfaces, facilitating their seamless integration into wearable electronics. 2D self-supporting films with outstanding superior properties surpass substrate-based films and hold tremendous promise for various applications in energy storage, sensing, membranes and biomedical devices. Achieving their full potential in multiple applications necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the mechanical flexibility of these 2D nanomaterials. Researchers can gain insights into the material's responses to applied force or deformation by analyzing its mechanical behavior, which is crucial for designing and developing. The primary objectives of this study are to provide in-depth elucidation of the mechanical characteristics of 2D nanomaterials, their formation into nanofilms, and the subsequent removal of these films from the substrate. Such a comprehensive investigation enables researchers to understand the intrinsic behavior of 2D nanomaterials and develop strategies to optimize their properties for a wide range of applications.