Hydrogeochemical Processes Regulating the Groundwater Geochemistry and Human Health Risk of Groundwater in the Rural Areas of the Wei River Basin, China
The hydrochemical characteristics of phreatic water were evaluated in this study, and the hydrogeochemical processes occurring along groundwater flow paths were analyzed using inverse hydrogeochemical simulations. The spatial distributions of groundwater Fe and Mn contents in the study area, their i...
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| description | The hydrochemical characteristics of phreatic water were evaluated in this study, and the hydrogeochemical processes occurring along groundwater flow paths were analyzed using inverse hydrogeochemical simulations. The spatial distributions of groundwater Fe and Mn contents in the study area, their influencing factors, and their correlative probabilistic human health risks were assessed. The results showed that the order of cation content in phreatic water was Ca
2+
> Mg
2+
> Na
+
> K
+
and Ca
2+
> Na
+
> Mg
2+
> K
+
in the pluvial-alluvial fan and alluvial plain, respectively. Approximately 92.73% of the phreatic water samples were HCO
3
-Ca·Mg-type water, and only a few belonged to SO
4
·Cl-Ca·Mg-type water. Twelve percent and forty percent of the phreatic water in the pluvial-alluvial fan and alluvial plain, respectively, showed Fe and Mn concentrations exceeding China's drinking water standards. Hydrogeochemical simulations using PHREEQC showed some differences in water‒rock interactions between paths and along the same path due to differences in lithological and hydrological conditions. In addition, higher Fe and Mn contents mainly occurred in the Huyi District, as well as in some parts of the alluvial plain aquifer. Moreover, groundwater Fe and Mn contents were mainly influenced by redox potential, infiltration of sewage containing high Fe and Mn concentrations, TDS contents, and groundwater flow rates. In the Wei River basin, the probability of the health risk due to NO
3
-N, Fe, and Mn was ordered as NO
3
-N > Mn > Fe. The health risks of NO
3
-N were 3.1% and 18.3% for adults and children, respectively, and the health risks due to Mn were 2.3% and 4.9% for adults and children, respectively. In contrast, the probability of health risk of Fe was negligible. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s12403-023-00555-y |
| format | Article |
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2+
> Mg
2+
> Na
+
> K
+
and Ca
2+
> Na
+
> Mg
2+
> K
+
in the pluvial-alluvial fan and alluvial plain, respectively. Approximately 92.73% of the phreatic water samples were HCO
3
-Ca·Mg-type water, and only a few belonged to SO
4
·Cl-Ca·Mg-type water. Twelve percent and forty percent of the phreatic water in the pluvial-alluvial fan and alluvial plain, respectively, showed Fe and Mn concentrations exceeding China's drinking water standards. Hydrogeochemical simulations using PHREEQC showed some differences in water‒rock interactions between paths and along the same path due to differences in lithological and hydrological conditions. In addition, higher Fe and Mn contents mainly occurred in the Huyi District, as well as in some parts of the alluvial plain aquifer. Moreover, groundwater Fe and Mn contents were mainly influenced by redox potential, infiltration of sewage containing high Fe and Mn concentrations, TDS contents, and groundwater flow rates. In the Wei River basin, the probability of the health risk due to NO
3
-N, Fe, and Mn was ordered as NO
3
-N > Mn > Fe. The health risks of NO
3
-N were 3.1% and 18.3% for adults and children, respectively, and the health risks due to Mn were 2.3% and 4.9% for adults and children, respectively. In contrast, the probability of health risk of Fe was negligible.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2451-9766</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2451-9685</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s12403-023-00555-y</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands</publisher><subject>Adults ; Alluvial aquifers ; Alluvial fans ; Alluvial plains ; Aquatic Pollution ; Aquifers ; Calcium ions ; Chemical elements ; Chemistry ; Children ; Contamination ; Drinking water ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Economic development ; Environment ; Environmental Health ; Flow paths ; Flow rates ; Geochemistry ; Groundwater ; Groundwater flow ; Groundwater pollution ; Health risk assessment ; Health risks ; Heavy metals ; Hydrogeochemistry ; Influence ; Lithology ; Magnesium ; Manganese ; Mountains ; Nitrates ; Original Paper ; Pandas ; Pollution ; Precipitation ; Redox potential ; River basins ; River networks ; Rivers ; Rural areas ; Sewage ; Sodium ; Spatial distribution ; Statistical analysis ; Waste Water Technology ; Water analysis ; Water and Health ; Water Management ; Water pollution ; Water Pollution Control ; Water quality standards ; Water Quality/Water Pollution ; Water sampling ; Water shortages ; Water supply</subject><ispartof>Exposure and health, 2024-04, Vol.16 (2), p.291-306</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c347t-e44de6f8fbc8c0e7764aa9615ad4c32108ccfd8f48e26fd64f90cc9606e9e7e63</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c347t-e44de6f8fbc8c0e7764aa9615ad4c32108ccfd8f48e26fd64f90cc9606e9e7e63</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-9112-4225 ; 0000-0001-8771-3369 ; 0000-0001-9618-1739</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12403-023-00555-y$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12403-023-00555-y$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Guo, Wenyu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Peiyue</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Du, Qianqian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Yuhan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Duoxun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Ziying</creatorcontrib><title>Hydrogeochemical Processes Regulating the Groundwater Geochemistry and Human Health Risk of Groundwater in the Rural Areas of the Wei River Basin, China</title><title>Exposure and health</title><addtitle>Expo Health</addtitle><description>The hydrochemical characteristics of phreatic water were evaluated in this study, and the hydrogeochemical processes occurring along groundwater flow paths were analyzed using inverse hydrogeochemical simulations. The spatial distributions of groundwater Fe and Mn contents in the study area, their influencing factors, and their correlative probabilistic human health risks were assessed. The results showed that the order of cation content in phreatic water was Ca
2+
> Mg
2+
> Na
+
> K
+
and Ca
2+
> Na
+
> Mg
2+
> K
+
in the pluvial-alluvial fan and alluvial plain, respectively. Approximately 92.73% of the phreatic water samples were HCO
3
-Ca·Mg-type water, and only a few belonged to SO
4
·Cl-Ca·Mg-type water. Twelve percent and forty percent of the phreatic water in the pluvial-alluvial fan and alluvial plain, respectively, showed Fe and Mn concentrations exceeding China's drinking water standards. Hydrogeochemical simulations using PHREEQC showed some differences in water‒rock interactions between paths and along the same path due to differences in lithological and hydrological conditions. In addition, higher Fe and Mn contents mainly occurred in the Huyi District, as well as in some parts of the alluvial plain aquifer. Moreover, groundwater Fe and Mn contents were mainly influenced by redox potential, infiltration of sewage containing high Fe and Mn concentrations, TDS contents, and groundwater flow rates. In the Wei River basin, the probability of the health risk due to NO
3
-N, Fe, and Mn was ordered as NO
3
-N > Mn > Fe. The health risks of NO
3
-N were 3.1% and 18.3% for adults and children, respectively, and the health risks due to Mn were 2.3% and 4.9% for adults and children, respectively. In contrast, the probability of health risk of Fe was negligible.</description><subject>Adults</subject><subject>Alluvial aquifers</subject><subject>Alluvial fans</subject><subject>Alluvial plains</subject><subject>Aquatic Pollution</subject><subject>Aquifers</subject><subject>Calcium ions</subject><subject>Chemical elements</subject><subject>Chemistry</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Contamination</subject><subject>Drinking water</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Economic development</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental Health</subject><subject>Flow paths</subject><subject>Flow rates</subject><subject>Geochemistry</subject><subject>Groundwater</subject><subject>Groundwater flow</subject><subject>Groundwater pollution</subject><subject>Health risk assessment</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Heavy metals</subject><subject>Hydrogeochemistry</subject><subject>Influence</subject><subject>Lithology</subject><subject>Magnesium</subject><subject>Manganese</subject><subject>Mountains</subject><subject>Nitrates</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Pandas</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Precipitation</subject><subject>Redox potential</subject><subject>River basins</subject><subject>River networks</subject><subject>Rivers</subject><subject>Rural areas</subject><subject>Sewage</subject><subject>Sodium</subject><subject>Spatial distribution</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Waste Water Technology</subject><subject>Water analysis</subject><subject>Water and Health</subject><subject>Water Management</subject><subject>Water pollution</subject><subject>Water Pollution Control</subject><subject>Water quality standards</subject><subject>Water Quality/Water Pollution</subject><subject>Water sampling</subject><subject>Water shortages</subject><subject>Water supply</subject><issn>2451-9766</issn><issn>2451-9685</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkV1LwzAUhosoOHR_wKuAt1bz1bS9nEM3YaAMxcsQ05O2c0tn0ir9J_5csw8Rb_TikEN4nvdcvFF0RvAlwTi98oRyzGJMw-AkSeL-IBpQnpA4F1ly-L2nQhxHQ-8XGGMiEhKsQfQ57QvXlNDoCla1Vkv04BoN3oNHcyi7pWprW6K2AjRxTWeLD9WCQ5O94FvXI2ULNO1WyqIpqGVboXntX1Fjfhm13YbMOxdujBwovyE2X89QB-M9MNfK1_YCjavaqtPoyKilh-H-PYmebm8ex9N4dj-5G49msWY8bWPgvABhMvOiM40hTQVXKhckUQXXjBKcaW2KzPAMqDCF4CbHWucCC8ghBcFOovNd7to1bx34Vi6aztlwUjLMSMpYQul_FE8JpTxQdEdp13jvwMi1q1fK9ZJgualK7qqSoSq5rUr2QWI7yQfYluB-ov-wvgAwM5h0</recordid><startdate>20240401</startdate><enddate>20240401</enddate><creator>Guo, Wenyu</creator><creator>Li, Peiyue</creator><creator>Du, Qianqian</creator><creator>Zhou, Yuhan</creator><creator>Xu, Duoxun</creator><creator>Zhang, Ziying</creator><general>Springer Netherlands</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9112-4225</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8771-3369</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9618-1739</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20240401</creationdate><title>Hydrogeochemical Processes Regulating the Groundwater Geochemistry and Human Health Risk of Groundwater in the Rural Areas of the Wei River Basin, China</title><author>Guo, Wenyu ; Li, Peiyue ; Du, Qianqian ; Zhou, Yuhan ; Xu, Duoxun ; Zhang, Ziying</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c347t-e44de6f8fbc8c0e7764aa9615ad4c32108ccfd8f48e26fd64f90cc9606e9e7e63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Adults</topic><topic>Alluvial aquifers</topic><topic>Alluvial fans</topic><topic>Alluvial plains</topic><topic>Aquatic Pollution</topic><topic>Aquifers</topic><topic>Calcium ions</topic><topic>Chemical elements</topic><topic>Chemistry</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Contamination</topic><topic>Drinking water</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Economic development</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Environmental Health</topic><topic>Flow paths</topic><topic>Flow rates</topic><topic>Geochemistry</topic><topic>Groundwater</topic><topic>Groundwater flow</topic><topic>Groundwater pollution</topic><topic>Health risk assessment</topic><topic>Health risks</topic><topic>Heavy metals</topic><topic>Hydrogeochemistry</topic><topic>Influence</topic><topic>Lithology</topic><topic>Magnesium</topic><topic>Manganese</topic><topic>Mountains</topic><topic>Nitrates</topic><topic>Original Paper</topic><topic>Pandas</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Precipitation</topic><topic>Redox potential</topic><topic>River basins</topic><topic>River networks</topic><topic>Rivers</topic><topic>Rural areas</topic><topic>Sewage</topic><topic>Sodium</topic><topic>Spatial distribution</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><topic>Waste Water Technology</topic><topic>Water analysis</topic><topic>Water and Health</topic><topic>Water Management</topic><topic>Water pollution</topic><topic>Water Pollution Control</topic><topic>Water quality standards</topic><topic>Water Quality/Water Pollution</topic><topic>Water sampling</topic><topic>Water shortages</topic><topic>Water supply</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Guo, Wenyu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Peiyue</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Du, Qianqian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Yuhan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Duoxun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Ziying</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Exposure and health</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Guo, Wenyu</au><au>Li, Peiyue</au><au>Du, Qianqian</au><au>Zhou, Yuhan</au><au>Xu, Duoxun</au><au>Zhang, Ziying</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Hydrogeochemical Processes Regulating the Groundwater Geochemistry and Human Health Risk of Groundwater in the Rural Areas of the Wei River Basin, China</atitle><jtitle>Exposure and health</jtitle><stitle>Expo Health</stitle><date>2024-04-01</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>291</spage><epage>306</epage><pages>291-306</pages><issn>2451-9766</issn><eissn>2451-9685</eissn><abstract>The hydrochemical characteristics of phreatic water were evaluated in this study, and the hydrogeochemical processes occurring along groundwater flow paths were analyzed using inverse hydrogeochemical simulations. The spatial distributions of groundwater Fe and Mn contents in the study area, their influencing factors, and their correlative probabilistic human health risks were assessed. The results showed that the order of cation content in phreatic water was Ca
2+
> Mg
2+
> Na
+
> K
+
and Ca
2+
> Na
+
> Mg
2+
> K
+
in the pluvial-alluvial fan and alluvial plain, respectively. Approximately 92.73% of the phreatic water samples were HCO
3
-Ca·Mg-type water, and only a few belonged to SO
4
·Cl-Ca·Mg-type water. Twelve percent and forty percent of the phreatic water in the pluvial-alluvial fan and alluvial plain, respectively, showed Fe and Mn concentrations exceeding China's drinking water standards. Hydrogeochemical simulations using PHREEQC showed some differences in water‒rock interactions between paths and along the same path due to differences in lithological and hydrological conditions. In addition, higher Fe and Mn contents mainly occurred in the Huyi District, as well as in some parts of the alluvial plain aquifer. Moreover, groundwater Fe and Mn contents were mainly influenced by redox potential, infiltration of sewage containing high Fe and Mn concentrations, TDS contents, and groundwater flow rates. In the Wei River basin, the probability of the health risk due to NO
3
-N, Fe, and Mn was ordered as NO
3
-N > Mn > Fe. The health risks of NO
3
-N were 3.1% and 18.3% for adults and children, respectively, and the health risks due to Mn were 2.3% and 4.9% for adults and children, respectively. In contrast, the probability of health risk of Fe was negligible.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer Netherlands</pub><doi>10.1007/s12403-023-00555-y</doi><tpages>16</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9112-4225</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8771-3369</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9618-1739</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adults Alluvial aquifers Alluvial fans Alluvial plains Aquatic Pollution Aquifers Calcium ions Chemical elements Chemistry Children Contamination Drinking water Earth and Environmental Science Economic development Environment Environmental Health Flow paths Flow rates Geochemistry Groundwater Groundwater flow Groundwater pollution Health risk assessment Health risks Heavy metals Hydrogeochemistry Influence Lithology Magnesium Manganese Mountains Nitrates Original Paper Pandas Pollution Precipitation Redox potential River basins River networks Rivers Rural areas Sewage Sodium Spatial distribution Statistical analysis Waste Water Technology Water analysis Water and Health Water Management Water pollution Water Pollution Control Water quality standards Water Quality/Water Pollution Water sampling Water shortages Water supply |
| title | Hydrogeochemical Processes Regulating the Groundwater Geochemistry and Human Health Risk of Groundwater in the Rural Areas of the Wei River Basin, China |
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