Tridax procumbens–mediated one pot synthesis of silver-doped fucoidan nanoparticles and their antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory efficacy

Evolutionary changes in microorganisms, in response to the current environment, can contribute generically to adaptations that have harmful effects on human welfare. Antibacterial resistance is one of the results of genetic and evolutionary changes in microorganisms. Many bacteria have developed resistance to antibiotics. Recently, most researchers have been focused on overcoming this problem, relying on nanoparticle-based drug delivery. In this study, our aim is to synthesize silver-doped fucoidan nanoparticle using Tridax procumbens plant leaf aqueous extract and examine their biological efficacy. We synthesized silver-doped fucoidan with the aqueous extraction of Tridax procumbens using the titration method. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized, including UV-spectroscopy, SEM, FT-IR, EDX, and XRD. Furthermore, we assessed the efficacy of the nanoparticles in terms of antioxidant activity using the DHHP assay, anti-inflammatory activity using the protein degradation assay, and antibacterial activity using well diffusion method. Our result revealed that the synthesized nanoparticles were doped with Ag 2+ in fucoidan using the plant extract. We observed a peak at 390 nm in the UV-spectra analysis, indicating the presence of silver nanoparticles. Further analysis, like SEM, FT-IR, EDX, and XRD showed the nanoparticle characterization. Moreover, these nanoparticles demonstrate good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Additionally, the nanoparticles exhibited antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-resistance bacteria. Finally, our synthesized silver-doped nanoparticles mediated by an aqueous extract of Tridax procumbens show potential in therapeutic aspects for bacterial infection. Graphical Abstract