DNA sequences alteration of the lectin gene in rodent tuber (Typhonium flagelliforme) mutant plant derived from Pekalongan

Typhonium flagelliforme Lodd. is rodent tuber as an herbal plant with significant potential as a cancer drug raw material. GC-MS analysis revealed that the rodent tuber plant contained bioactive compounds as anticancer agents, including stigmasterol, hexadecanoic acid, oleic acid, and squalene. Rodent tubers are a vegetatively propagated crop resulted in low genetic diversity. Gamma irradiation and somaclonal variation are responsible for changing the genetic variation of rodent tubers in tissue culture. In several mutant clones of rodent tuber Pekalongan accession, high levels of bioactive ingredients were presence as anticancer agents. However, bioactive compounds related to anticancer genes have not yet been studied in mutant clones of the Pekalongan accession. The several mutant clones and wild type of Pekalongan accession plants were examined to identify genes related to anticancer compounds A set of primers was designed specifically from lectin genes as a marker for detecting the presence of anticancer compounds. Results showed that a lectin gene was detected at 500 bp in four mutant clones and in wild-type Pekalongan accessions. A 500-bp genome sequence was obtained from four mutant clones and the wildtype. There were four bp differences observed between PM6 mutant clones and the wildtype on 113, 241, 269, and 279 bases. In PM4, the mutant clone was differed from the wild-type at 323 bp, while the difference between the mutant plants of KP 20-1-2-1-2-6 and the wild type was observed at 322 bp. This study indicates the presence of a lectin gene in both the wild-type and the modified genomes. A single nucleotide base change between the mutant and wild-type plants was also observed. Based on this study, the alteration of the lectin gene in the Pekalongan accession, called as a point mutation was detected.