Edge-on orientation of thermally evaporated metal phthalocyanines thin films for humidity sensing application
Thermally evaporated metal phthalocyanines (MPcs) were successfully fabricated for humidity-sensing applications. Comparative molecular analysis of three different MPcs sensing layers, namely MnPc, VOPc, and VTTBNc, using the powerful tool of grazing-incidence wide-angle and small-angle X-ray scatte...
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creator | Natashah, Fadlan Arif Hisamuddin, Syaza Nafisah Coffey, Aidan H. Zhu, Chenhui Bawazeer, Tahani M. Alsoufi, Mohammad S. Roslan, Nur Adilah Supangat, Azzuliani |
description | Thermally evaporated metal phthalocyanines (MPcs) were successfully fabricated for humidity-sensing applications. Comparative molecular analysis of three different MPcs sensing layers, namely MnPc, VOPc, and VTTBNc, using the powerful tool of grazing-incidence wide-angle and small-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS/GISAXS), were made to find the correlation between molecule orientation of the sensing layers and their humidity sensing performances. In this study, planar-configurated capacitive Al/MnPc/Al humidity sensor produced the highest sensitivity (17.74 nF/%RH) relative to Al/VTTBNc/Al (11.50 nF/%RH) and Al/VOPc/Al (11.20 nF/%RH) due to its crystallographic orientation being more vertical than the VTTBNc and VOPc counterparts, as confirmed by GIWAXS and GISAXS analysis. Similarly, the MnPc-based sensor produced the fastest response and recovery time of 3 s and 2 s, respectively. Meanwhile, VTTBNc yielded the smallest hysteresis gap of 0.29%. The quantitative and qualitative information, such as crystal coherence length, grain size, and lattice spacing obtained from the GIWAXS and GISAXS, have been studied to explain the humidity sensors’ sensitivity, hysteresis, and transient response. The crystallographic orientation of the active sensing layer significantly influences the humidity sensing performance. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10854-024-12280-6 |
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Comparative molecular analysis of three different MPcs sensing layers, namely MnPc, VOPc, and VTTBNc, using the powerful tool of grazing-incidence wide-angle and small-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS/GISAXS), were made to find the correlation between molecule orientation of the sensing layers and their humidity sensing performances. In this study, planar-configurated capacitive Al/MnPc/Al humidity sensor produced the highest sensitivity (17.74 nF/%RH) relative to Al/VTTBNc/Al (11.50 nF/%RH) and Al/VOPc/Al (11.20 nF/%RH) due to its crystallographic orientation being more vertical than the VTTBNc and VOPc counterparts, as confirmed by GIWAXS and GISAXS analysis. Similarly, the MnPc-based sensor produced the fastest response and recovery time of 3 s and 2 s, respectively. Meanwhile, VTTBNc yielded the smallest hysteresis gap of 0.29%. The quantitative and qualitative information, such as crystal coherence length, grain size, and lattice spacing obtained from the GIWAXS and GISAXS, have been studied to explain the humidity sensors’ sensitivity, hysteresis, and transient response. The crystallographic orientation of the active sensing layer significantly influences the humidity sensing performance.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0957-4522</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-482X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10854-024-12280-6</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Springer US</publisher><subject>Characterization and Evaluation of Materials ; Chemistry and Materials Science ; Coherence length ; Crystal lattices ; Crystallography ; Grain size ; Humidity ; Hysteresis ; Materials Science ; Metal phthalocyanines ; Optical and Electronic Materials ; Recovery time ; Sensitivity ; Thin films ; Transient response ; Vertical orientation ; X-ray scattering</subject><ispartof>Journal of materials science. Materials in electronics, 2024-03, Vol.35 (7), p.512, Article 512</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c270t-364e2540486405dbda9107a61da5e21bdd53bf6cfdafe2a97464714c42bf85923</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5148-6659</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10854-024-12280-6$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10854-024-12280-6$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Natashah, Fadlan Arif</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hisamuddin, Syaza Nafisah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Coffey, Aidan H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhu, Chenhui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bawazeer, Tahani M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alsoufi, Mohammad S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roslan, Nur Adilah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Supangat, Azzuliani</creatorcontrib><title>Edge-on orientation of thermally evaporated metal phthalocyanines thin films for humidity sensing application</title><title>Journal of materials science. Materials in electronics</title><addtitle>J Mater Sci: Mater Electron</addtitle><description>Thermally evaporated metal phthalocyanines (MPcs) were successfully fabricated for humidity-sensing applications. Comparative molecular analysis of three different MPcs sensing layers, namely MnPc, VOPc, and VTTBNc, using the powerful tool of grazing-incidence wide-angle and small-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS/GISAXS), were made to find the correlation between molecule orientation of the sensing layers and their humidity sensing performances. In this study, planar-configurated capacitive Al/MnPc/Al humidity sensor produced the highest sensitivity (17.74 nF/%RH) relative to Al/VTTBNc/Al (11.50 nF/%RH) and Al/VOPc/Al (11.20 nF/%RH) due to its crystallographic orientation being more vertical than the VTTBNc and VOPc counterparts, as confirmed by GIWAXS and GISAXS analysis. Similarly, the MnPc-based sensor produced the fastest response and recovery time of 3 s and 2 s, respectively. Meanwhile, VTTBNc yielded the smallest hysteresis gap of 0.29%. The quantitative and qualitative information, such as crystal coherence length, grain size, and lattice spacing obtained from the GIWAXS and GISAXS, have been studied to explain the humidity sensors’ sensitivity, hysteresis, and transient response. The crystallographic orientation of the active sensing layer significantly influences the humidity sensing performance.</description><subject>Characterization and Evaluation of Materials</subject><subject>Chemistry and Materials Science</subject><subject>Coherence length</subject><subject>Crystal lattices</subject><subject>Crystallography</subject><subject>Grain size</subject><subject>Humidity</subject><subject>Hysteresis</subject><subject>Materials Science</subject><subject>Metal phthalocyanines</subject><subject>Optical and Electronic Materials</subject><subject>Recovery time</subject><subject>Sensitivity</subject><subject>Thin films</subject><subject>Transient response</subject><subject>Vertical orientation</subject><subject>X-ray scattering</subject><issn>0957-4522</issn><issn>1573-482X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kM1KxDAYRYMoOI6-gKuA62j-2y5lGH9gwI2Cu5A2yTRDm9YkI_Tt7cwI7lx9d3Hu_eAAcEvwPcG4eEgEl4IjTDkilJYYyTOwIKJgiJf08xwscCUKxAWll-AqpR3GWHJWLkC_NluLhgCH6G3IOvtDdjC3Nva66yZov_U4RJ2tgb3NuoNjm1vdDc2kgw82zagP0PmuT9ANEbb73hufJ5hsSD5soR7HzjfH5Wtw4XSX7M3vXYKPp_X76gVt3p5fV48b1NACZ8Qkt1RwzEvJsTC10RXBhZbEaGEpqY0RrHaycUY7S3VVcMkLwhtOa1eKirIluDvtjnH42tuU1W7YxzC_VLRiM1qVrJopeqKaOKQUrVNj9L2OkyJYHbSqk1Y1a1VHrUrOJXYqpRkOWxv_pv9p_QCP_30Z</recordid><startdate>20240301</startdate><enddate>20240301</enddate><creator>Natashah, Fadlan Arif</creator><creator>Hisamuddin, Syaza Nafisah</creator><creator>Coffey, Aidan H.</creator><creator>Zhu, Chenhui</creator><creator>Bawazeer, Tahani M.</creator><creator>Alsoufi, Mohammad S.</creator><creator>Roslan, Nur Adilah</creator><creator>Supangat, Azzuliani</creator><general>Springer US</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5148-6659</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20240301</creationdate><title>Edge-on orientation of thermally evaporated metal phthalocyanines thin films for humidity sensing application</title><author>Natashah, Fadlan Arif ; Hisamuddin, Syaza Nafisah ; Coffey, Aidan H. ; Zhu, Chenhui ; Bawazeer, Tahani M. ; Alsoufi, Mohammad S. ; Roslan, Nur Adilah ; Supangat, Azzuliani</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c270t-364e2540486405dbda9107a61da5e21bdd53bf6cfdafe2a97464714c42bf85923</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Characterization and Evaluation of Materials</topic><topic>Chemistry and Materials Science</topic><topic>Coherence length</topic><topic>Crystal lattices</topic><topic>Crystallography</topic><topic>Grain size</topic><topic>Humidity</topic><topic>Hysteresis</topic><topic>Materials Science</topic><topic>Metal phthalocyanines</topic><topic>Optical and Electronic Materials</topic><topic>Recovery time</topic><topic>Sensitivity</topic><topic>Thin films</topic><topic>Transient response</topic><topic>Vertical orientation</topic><topic>X-ray scattering</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Natashah, Fadlan Arif</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hisamuddin, Syaza Nafisah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Coffey, Aidan H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhu, Chenhui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bawazeer, Tahani M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alsoufi, Mohammad S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roslan, Nur Adilah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Supangat, Azzuliani</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Journal of materials science. Materials in electronics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Natashah, Fadlan Arif</au><au>Hisamuddin, Syaza Nafisah</au><au>Coffey, Aidan H.</au><au>Zhu, Chenhui</au><au>Bawazeer, Tahani M.</au><au>Alsoufi, Mohammad S.</au><au>Roslan, Nur Adilah</au><au>Supangat, Azzuliani</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Edge-on orientation of thermally evaporated metal phthalocyanines thin films for humidity sensing application</atitle><jtitle>Journal of materials science. Materials in electronics</jtitle><stitle>J Mater Sci: Mater Electron</stitle><date>2024-03-01</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>35</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>512</spage><pages>512-</pages><artnum>512</artnum><issn>0957-4522</issn><eissn>1573-482X</eissn><abstract>Thermally evaporated metal phthalocyanines (MPcs) were successfully fabricated for humidity-sensing applications. Comparative molecular analysis of three different MPcs sensing layers, namely MnPc, VOPc, and VTTBNc, using the powerful tool of grazing-incidence wide-angle and small-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS/GISAXS), were made to find the correlation between molecule orientation of the sensing layers and their humidity sensing performances. In this study, planar-configurated capacitive Al/MnPc/Al humidity sensor produced the highest sensitivity (17.74 nF/%RH) relative to Al/VTTBNc/Al (11.50 nF/%RH) and Al/VOPc/Al (11.20 nF/%RH) due to its crystallographic orientation being more vertical than the VTTBNc and VOPc counterparts, as confirmed by GIWAXS and GISAXS analysis. Similarly, the MnPc-based sensor produced the fastest response and recovery time of 3 s and 2 s, respectively. Meanwhile, VTTBNc yielded the smallest hysteresis gap of 0.29%. The quantitative and qualitative information, such as crystal coherence length, grain size, and lattice spacing obtained from the GIWAXS and GISAXS, have been studied to explain the humidity sensors’ sensitivity, hysteresis, and transient response. The crystallographic orientation of the active sensing layer significantly influences the humidity sensing performance.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><doi>10.1007/s10854-024-12280-6</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5148-6659</orcidid></addata></record> |
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subjects | Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Chemistry and Materials Science Coherence length Crystal lattices Crystallography Grain size Humidity Hysteresis Materials Science Metal phthalocyanines Optical and Electronic Materials Recovery time Sensitivity Thin films Transient response Vertical orientation X-ray scattering |
title | Edge-on orientation of thermally evaporated metal phthalocyanines thin films for humidity sensing application |
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