Influence of stereoisomerism of epoxy hardeners on fracture toughness of carbon fiber/epoxy composites
Interfacial adhesion between carbon fiber and epoxy resin mostly determine the mechanical properties of the carbon fiber/epoxy composites and the chemical structures of epoxy resin and hardener plays an important role. In this regard, stereoisomerism of epoxy hardeners, such as 3,3′ and 4,4′-DDS (di...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Carbon Letters 2019-10, Vol.29 (5), p.449-453 |
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| creator | Kwon, Dongjun Lee, Minkyu Kwon, Woong Lee, Eunsoo Jeong, Euigyung |
| description | Interfacial adhesion between carbon fiber and epoxy resin mostly determine the mechanical properties of the carbon fiber/epoxy composites and the chemical structures of epoxy resin and hardener plays an important role. In this regard, stereoisomerism of epoxy hardeners, such as 3,3′ and 4,4′-DDS (diaminodiphenylsulfone), can have significant influence on the fracture toughness of the cured epoxy and related carbon fiber composites. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the influence of stereoisomerism of epoxy hardeners on fracture toughness of the carbon fiber/epoxy composites. Triglycidyl aminophenol (TGAP) are selected as epoxy resin and 3,3′- and 4,4′-DDS are selected as epoxy hardener. Wetting behaviors and fiber matrix adhesion of TGAP/DDS mixtures onto carbon fiber are investigated and fracture toughness (KIC) of TGAP/DDS mixtures are also investigated. Then, the mode II fracture toughness test of the carbon fiber/TGAP/DDS composites are carried out to investigate the influence of hardener stereoisomerism on fracture toughness of the resulting composites. Wetting and fiber matrix adhesion to carbon fiber of TGAP/3,3′-DDS was better than those of TGAP/4,4’-DDS and KIC of TGAP/3,3′-DDS was also better than that of TGAP/4,4′-DDS. As a result of the synergistic effect of better wetting, fiber matrix adhesion, and fracture toughness of TGAP/3,3′-DDS, the mode II fracture toughness of the carbon fiber/ TGAP/3,3’-DDS composites was almost twice of that of the carbon fiber/ TGAP/4,4′-DDS composites. Based on the results reported in this study, stereoisomerism of the epoxy hardeners can influence the fracture toughness of the resulting composites as well as that of the resin itself. In other words, only small difference, such as the spatial arrangement of the molecular structure of epoxy hardeners can cause huge difference in the mechanical properties of the resulting composites. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s42823-019-00060-w |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_korea</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_2933531536</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2933531536</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c381t-3ae372d5aa3aa9e12d296649336af90ff00a22f6a6abb0b3cd6f9e48f518223c3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kMtOwzAQRS0EEhX0B1hFYh1qexInXqKKR6VKbGBtOe64DTRx8SQq_XtSglRWrCyNz7mjuYzdCH4nOC9mlMlSQsqFTjnniqf7MzaREiDNtC7P2UToQqWZzMUlmxLV1SAB1xzUhPlF67c9tg6T4BPqMGKoKTQYa2qOI9yFr0OysXGFLUZKQpv4aF3XR0y60K83LRIdQWdjdfysK4yz0XKh2QWqO6RrduHtlnD6-16xt8eH1_lzunx5Wszvl6mDUnQpWIRCrnJrwVqNQq6kVirTAMp6zb3n3ErplVW2qngFbqW8xqz0uSiHgx1csdsxdxfDZ4_UmffQx3ZYaeSQkoPIQZ2ojxDRktuErY0nEsqyyPOBkiPlYiCK6M0u1o2NByO4ORZvxuLNULz5Kd7sBwlGiQa4XeOf2H-sbxGaiHk</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2933531536</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Influence of stereoisomerism of epoxy hardeners on fracture toughness of carbon fiber/epoxy composites</title><source>ProQuest Central Essentials</source><source>ProQuest Central Student</source><source>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><source>ProQuest Central</source><creator>Kwon, Dongjun ; Lee, Minkyu ; Kwon, Woong ; Lee, Eunsoo ; Jeong, Euigyung</creator><creatorcontrib>Kwon, Dongjun ; Lee, Minkyu ; Kwon, Woong ; Lee, Eunsoo ; Jeong, Euigyung</creatorcontrib><description>Interfacial adhesion between carbon fiber and epoxy resin mostly determine the mechanical properties of the carbon fiber/epoxy composites and the chemical structures of epoxy resin and hardener plays an important role. In this regard, stereoisomerism of epoxy hardeners, such as 3,3′ and 4,4′-DDS (diaminodiphenylsulfone), can have significant influence on the fracture toughness of the cured epoxy and related carbon fiber composites. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the influence of stereoisomerism of epoxy hardeners on fracture toughness of the carbon fiber/epoxy composites. Triglycidyl aminophenol (TGAP) are selected as epoxy resin and 3,3′- and 4,4′-DDS are selected as epoxy hardener. Wetting behaviors and fiber matrix adhesion of TGAP/DDS mixtures onto carbon fiber are investigated and fracture toughness (KIC) of TGAP/DDS mixtures are also investigated. Then, the mode II fracture toughness test of the carbon fiber/TGAP/DDS composites are carried out to investigate the influence of hardener stereoisomerism on fracture toughness of the resulting composites. Wetting and fiber matrix adhesion to carbon fiber of TGAP/3,3′-DDS was better than those of TGAP/4,4’-DDS and KIC of TGAP/3,3′-DDS was also better than that of TGAP/4,4′-DDS. As a result of the synergistic effect of better wetting, fiber matrix adhesion, and fracture toughness of TGAP/3,3′-DDS, the mode II fracture toughness of the carbon fiber/ TGAP/3,3’-DDS composites was almost twice of that of the carbon fiber/ TGAP/4,4′-DDS composites. Based on the results reported in this study, stereoisomerism of the epoxy hardeners can influence the fracture toughness of the resulting composites as well as that of the resin itself. In other words, only small difference, such as the spatial arrangement of the molecular structure of epoxy hardeners can cause huge difference in the mechanical properties of the resulting composites.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1976-4251</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2233-4998</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s42823-019-00060-w</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Singapore: Springer Singapore</publisher><subject>Adhesion ; Aminophenol ; Carbon ; Carbon fiber reinforced plastics ; Carbon fibers ; Characterization and Evaluation of Materials ; Chemistry and Materials Science ; Contact angle ; Diaminodiphenylsulfone ; Epoxy resins ; Fiber composites ; Fiber-matrix adhesion ; Fracture toughness ; Hardeners ; Heat treating ; Investigations ; Materials Engineering ; Materials Science ; Mechanical properties ; Mixtures ; Molecular structure ; Nanotechnology ; Oxidation ; Shear strength ; Stereoisomerism ; Synergistic effect ; Wetting</subject><ispartof>Carbon Letters, 2019-10, Vol.29 (5), p.449-453</ispartof><rights>Korean Carbon Society 2019</rights><rights>Korean Carbon Society 2019.</rights><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c381t-3ae372d5aa3aa9e12d296649336af90ff00a22f6a6abb0b3cd6f9e48f518223c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c381t-3ae372d5aa3aa9e12d296649336af90ff00a22f6a6abb0b3cd6f9e48f518223c3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2933531536?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,21388,21389,21390,21391,23256,27924,27925,33530,33703,33744,34005,34314,43659,43787,43805,43953,44067,64385,64389,72341</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kwon, Dongjun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Minkyu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kwon, Woong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Eunsoo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeong, Euigyung</creatorcontrib><title>Influence of stereoisomerism of epoxy hardeners on fracture toughness of carbon fiber/epoxy composites</title><title>Carbon Letters</title><addtitle>Carbon Lett</addtitle><description>Interfacial adhesion between carbon fiber and epoxy resin mostly determine the mechanical properties of the carbon fiber/epoxy composites and the chemical structures of epoxy resin and hardener plays an important role. In this regard, stereoisomerism of epoxy hardeners, such as 3,3′ and 4,4′-DDS (diaminodiphenylsulfone), can have significant influence on the fracture toughness of the cured epoxy and related carbon fiber composites. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the influence of stereoisomerism of epoxy hardeners on fracture toughness of the carbon fiber/epoxy composites. Triglycidyl aminophenol (TGAP) are selected as epoxy resin and 3,3′- and 4,4′-DDS are selected as epoxy hardener. Wetting behaviors and fiber matrix adhesion of TGAP/DDS mixtures onto carbon fiber are investigated and fracture toughness (KIC) of TGAP/DDS mixtures are also investigated. Then, the mode II fracture toughness test of the carbon fiber/TGAP/DDS composites are carried out to investigate the influence of hardener stereoisomerism on fracture toughness of the resulting composites. Wetting and fiber matrix adhesion to carbon fiber of TGAP/3,3′-DDS was better than those of TGAP/4,4’-DDS and KIC of TGAP/3,3′-DDS was also better than that of TGAP/4,4′-DDS. As a result of the synergistic effect of better wetting, fiber matrix adhesion, and fracture toughness of TGAP/3,3′-DDS, the mode II fracture toughness of the carbon fiber/ TGAP/3,3’-DDS composites was almost twice of that of the carbon fiber/ TGAP/4,4′-DDS composites. Based on the results reported in this study, stereoisomerism of the epoxy hardeners can influence the fracture toughness of the resulting composites as well as that of the resin itself. In other words, only small difference, such as the spatial arrangement of the molecular structure of epoxy hardeners can cause huge difference in the mechanical properties of the resulting composites.</description><subject>Adhesion</subject><subject>Aminophenol</subject><subject>Carbon</subject><subject>Carbon fiber reinforced plastics</subject><subject>Carbon fibers</subject><subject>Characterization and Evaluation of Materials</subject><subject>Chemistry and Materials Science</subject><subject>Contact angle</subject><subject>Diaminodiphenylsulfone</subject><subject>Epoxy resins</subject><subject>Fiber composites</subject><subject>Fiber-matrix adhesion</subject><subject>Fracture toughness</subject><subject>Hardeners</subject><subject>Heat treating</subject><subject>Investigations</subject><subject>Materials Engineering</subject><subject>Materials Science</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Mixtures</subject><subject>Molecular structure</subject><subject>Nanotechnology</subject><subject>Oxidation</subject><subject>Shear strength</subject><subject>Stereoisomerism</subject><subject>Synergistic effect</subject><subject>Wetting</subject><issn>1976-4251</issn><issn>2233-4998</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kMtOwzAQRS0EEhX0B1hFYh1qexInXqKKR6VKbGBtOe64DTRx8SQq_XtSglRWrCyNz7mjuYzdCH4nOC9mlMlSQsqFTjnniqf7MzaREiDNtC7P2UToQqWZzMUlmxLV1SAB1xzUhPlF67c9tg6T4BPqMGKoKTQYa2qOI9yFr0OysXGFLUZKQpv4aF3XR0y60K83LRIdQWdjdfysK4yz0XKh2QWqO6RrduHtlnD6-16xt8eH1_lzunx5Wszvl6mDUnQpWIRCrnJrwVqNQq6kVirTAMp6zb3n3ErplVW2qngFbqW8xqz0uSiHgx1csdsxdxfDZ4_UmffQx3ZYaeSQkoPIQZ2ojxDRktuErY0nEsqyyPOBkiPlYiCK6M0u1o2NByO4ORZvxuLNULz5Kd7sBwlGiQa4XeOf2H-sbxGaiHk</recordid><startdate>20191001</startdate><enddate>20191001</enddate><creator>Kwon, Dongjun</creator><creator>Lee, Minkyu</creator><creator>Kwon, Woong</creator><creator>Lee, Eunsoo</creator><creator>Jeong, Euigyung</creator><general>Springer Singapore</general><general>한국탄소학회</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>KROLR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20191001</creationdate><title>Influence of stereoisomerism of epoxy hardeners on fracture toughness of carbon fiber/epoxy composites</title><author>Kwon, Dongjun ; Lee, Minkyu ; Kwon, Woong ; Lee, Eunsoo ; Jeong, Euigyung</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c381t-3ae372d5aa3aa9e12d296649336af90ff00a22f6a6abb0b3cd6f9e48f518223c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Adhesion</topic><topic>Aminophenol</topic><topic>Carbon</topic><topic>Carbon fiber reinforced plastics</topic><topic>Carbon fibers</topic><topic>Characterization and Evaluation of Materials</topic><topic>Chemistry and Materials Science</topic><topic>Contact angle</topic><topic>Diaminodiphenylsulfone</topic><topic>Epoxy resins</topic><topic>Fiber composites</topic><topic>Fiber-matrix adhesion</topic><topic>Fracture toughness</topic><topic>Hardeners</topic><topic>Heat treating</topic><topic>Investigations</topic><topic>Materials Engineering</topic><topic>Materials Science</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Mixtures</topic><topic>Molecular structure</topic><topic>Nanotechnology</topic><topic>Oxidation</topic><topic>Shear strength</topic><topic>Stereoisomerism</topic><topic>Synergistic effect</topic><topic>Wetting</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kwon, Dongjun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Minkyu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kwon, Woong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Eunsoo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeong, Euigyung</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>코리아스칼라</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection (Proquest) (PQ_SDU_P3)</collection><collection>https://resources.nclive.org/materials</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Science Journals</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><jtitle>Carbon Letters</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kwon, Dongjun</au><au>Lee, Minkyu</au><au>Kwon, Woong</au><au>Lee, Eunsoo</au><au>Jeong, Euigyung</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Influence of stereoisomerism of epoxy hardeners on fracture toughness of carbon fiber/epoxy composites</atitle><jtitle>Carbon Letters</jtitle><stitle>Carbon Lett</stitle><date>2019-10-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>29</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>449</spage><epage>453</epage><pages>449-453</pages><issn>1976-4251</issn><eissn>2233-4998</eissn><abstract>Interfacial adhesion between carbon fiber and epoxy resin mostly determine the mechanical properties of the carbon fiber/epoxy composites and the chemical structures of epoxy resin and hardener plays an important role. In this regard, stereoisomerism of epoxy hardeners, such as 3,3′ and 4,4′-DDS (diaminodiphenylsulfone), can have significant influence on the fracture toughness of the cured epoxy and related carbon fiber composites. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the influence of stereoisomerism of epoxy hardeners on fracture toughness of the carbon fiber/epoxy composites. Triglycidyl aminophenol (TGAP) are selected as epoxy resin and 3,3′- and 4,4′-DDS are selected as epoxy hardener. Wetting behaviors and fiber matrix adhesion of TGAP/DDS mixtures onto carbon fiber are investigated and fracture toughness (KIC) of TGAP/DDS mixtures are also investigated. Then, the mode II fracture toughness test of the carbon fiber/TGAP/DDS composites are carried out to investigate the influence of hardener stereoisomerism on fracture toughness of the resulting composites. Wetting and fiber matrix adhesion to carbon fiber of TGAP/3,3′-DDS was better than those of TGAP/4,4’-DDS and KIC of TGAP/3,3′-DDS was also better than that of TGAP/4,4′-DDS. As a result of the synergistic effect of better wetting, fiber matrix adhesion, and fracture toughness of TGAP/3,3′-DDS, the mode II fracture toughness of the carbon fiber/ TGAP/3,3’-DDS composites was almost twice of that of the carbon fiber/ TGAP/4,4′-DDS composites. Based on the results reported in this study, stereoisomerism of the epoxy hardeners can influence the fracture toughness of the resulting composites as well as that of the resin itself. In other words, only small difference, such as the spatial arrangement of the molecular structure of epoxy hardeners can cause huge difference in the mechanical properties of the resulting composites.</abstract><cop>Singapore</cop><pub>Springer Singapore</pub><doi>10.1007/s42823-019-00060-w</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adhesion Aminophenol Carbon Carbon fiber reinforced plastics Carbon fibers Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Chemistry and Materials Science Contact angle Diaminodiphenylsulfone Epoxy resins Fiber composites Fiber-matrix adhesion Fracture toughness Hardeners Heat treating Investigations Materials Engineering Materials Science Mechanical properties Mixtures Molecular structure Nanotechnology Oxidation Shear strength Stereoisomerism Synergistic effect Wetting |
| title | Influence of stereoisomerism of epoxy hardeners on fracture toughness of carbon fiber/epoxy composites |
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