Long-Covid and Pain: Pathophysiology and Management

Purpose of Review Since its origin on December 12, 2019, SARS-CoV-2 has shaken the globe, and while pandemic restrictions have lifted, many individuals who survived the acute viral infection continue to suffer chronically from complications for months and even years. Recent Findings The physiologic, multi-organ complications related to this viral infection can be severe. The ongoing symptoms of SAR-CoV-2 extending beyond 4 weeks are referred to as Long-Covid, with the most common complaints being related to pain. As the pathophysiology continues to be investigated, the current hypothesis is that the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor plays a major role in the spread of the virus throughout multiple organ systems leading to pain, inflammation, fibrosis, and vasoconstriction. Currently, there is limited research regarding the pathophysiology of Long-Covid and why there is such variability amongst patients in regard to severity, duration, and organ system involvement. Summary This review attempts to outline the current understanding of Long-Covid pathophysiology and summarizes management strategies, particularly pain control, for those currently affected by its symptoms and their treating providers.