DNA metabarcoding illuminates the contribution of small and very small prey taxa to the diet of lions
Knowledge of food web interactions is essential for understanding the role of carnivores in an ecosystem and designing appropriate conservation and management strategies to preserve them. These interactions can only be understood by studying carnivores' diets and obtaining comprehensive and unb...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental DNA 2023-11, Vol.5 (6), p.1321-1331 |
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| creator | Groen, Kevin Beekenkamp, Sophie Iongh, Hans H. Lesilau, Francis Chege, Mumbi Narisha, Luka Veldhuis, Michiel Bertola, Laura D. Bodegom, Peter M. Trimbos, Krijn B. |
| description | Knowledge of food web interactions is essential for understanding the role of carnivores in an ecosystem and designing appropriate conservation and management strategies to preserve them. These interactions can only be understood by studying carnivores' diets and obtaining comprehensive and unbiased diet data. For large carnivores—which typically rely on large herbivores as prey—the role of smaller prey species has not received attention. This study aims to quantify the contribution of small (5–50 kg) and very small ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/edn3.457 |
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Proportions of occurrences (%TX) of the four prey categories in the diet of the lion in four National Parks (NPs) in Kenya. Prey taxa identified and their contribution in percentages are given, and the diet contribution of medium‐to‐large, small, and very small taxa are depicted, as well as the presence of mesopredator (Mesop) taxa. Diet composition by prey taxon and prey category is presented as a proportion of occurrence (%TX). Total prey occurrences found were 278 in a total of 171 scat samples. The “Other” in the “Medium to Large” prey category consists of Giraffa (3%), Suidae (2%), Hippopotamus (0.4%), and Crocodylus (0.4%). In the “Medium to Large” category, the Equidae consisted of only one genus, Equus, whereas the Bovidae consisted of seven taxa, Syncerus (20%), Connochaetes (14%), Alcelaphus (6%), Bos (1%), Bovidae sp. (0.7%), Kobus (0.4%), and Tragelaphus (0.4%). Taxa abbreviations used: Aepyceros (Aepyc), Charadrius (Chara), Gallus (Gallu), Hystrix (Hystr), Ichneumia (Ichne), Lemniscomys (Lemni), Leptailurus (Lepta), Madoqua (Madoq), Nanger (Nange), and Phoenicopterus roseus (Phoen).</description><identifier>ISSN: 2637-4943</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2637-4943</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/edn3.457</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Inc</publisher><subject>carnivore ; Carnivores ; Composition ; Data collection ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; Diet ; Dietary supplements ; DNA ; DNA barcoding ; DNA metabarcoding ; DNA‐based diet analysis ; Ecosystems ; Feces ; Field study ; Food chains ; Food chains (Ecology) ; food web ; Food webs ; Genetic testing ; Grasslands ; Herbivores ; Kenya ; Lions ; National parks ; National parks and reserves ; Panthera leo ; Parks & recreation areas ; Predation ; Prey ; Protection and preservation ; small prey ; Strategic planning (Business) ; Taxa</subject><ispartof>Environmental DNA, 2023-11, Vol.5 (6), p.1321-1331</ispartof><rights>2023 The Authors. published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.</rights><rights>2023. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3667-f57d3b1e5d5f43de07033310d0ced27d314fad196564d4871413a26fae93389d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3667-f57d3b1e5d5f43de07033310d0ced27d314fad196564d4871413a26fae93389d3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-5280-6434 ; 0000-0001-5940-039X ; 0000-0001-6049-6325 ; 0000-0003-0771-4500</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fedn3.457$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fedn3.457$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,860,1411,11543,27903,27904,45553,45554,46030,46454</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Groen, Kevin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beekenkamp, Sophie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Iongh, Hans H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lesilau, Francis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chege, Mumbi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Narisha, Luka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Veldhuis, Michiel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bertola, Laura D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bodegom, Peter M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trimbos, Krijn B.</creatorcontrib><title>DNA metabarcoding illuminates the contribution of small and very small prey taxa to the diet of lions</title><title>Environmental DNA</title><description>Knowledge of food web interactions is essential for understanding the role of carnivores in an ecosystem and designing appropriate conservation and management strategies to preserve them. These interactions can only be understood by studying carnivores' diets and obtaining comprehensive and unbiased diet data. For large carnivores—which typically rely on large herbivores as prey—the role of smaller prey species has not received attention. This study aims to quantify the contribution of small (5–50 kg) and very small (<5 kg) prey taxa in the diet of lions (Panthera leo melanochaita) in four Kenyan National Parks (NPs). We use DNA metabarcoding to achieve higher‐resolution insights into prey composition, which is less biased toward large prey species compared to traditional methods, such as carcass counts. Our study identified 24 prey taxa in a total of 171 lion fecal samples. Small and very small prey taxa together contributed 18.7% out of 278 prey occurrences in all fecal samples, with comparable small prey presence (ranging from 8% to 15%) in the diet for each NP studied. This approach proved to be useful in detecting small and very small prey species in the diet of lions and can therefore be used in future research to uncover the diverse diet composition of these large carnivores. The consistent presence of smaller prey species in the diet indicates that lions generally supplement their large prey diet with smaller prey.
Proportions of occurrences (%TX) of the four prey categories in the diet of the lion in four National Parks (NPs) in Kenya. Prey taxa identified and their contribution in percentages are given, and the diet contribution of medium‐to‐large, small, and very small taxa are depicted, as well as the presence of mesopredator (Mesop) taxa. Diet composition by prey taxon and prey category is presented as a proportion of occurrence (%TX). Total prey occurrences found were 278 in a total of 171 scat samples. The “Other” in the “Medium to Large” prey category consists of Giraffa (3%), Suidae (2%), Hippopotamus (0.4%), and Crocodylus (0.4%). In the “Medium to Large” category, the Equidae consisted of only one genus, Equus, whereas the Bovidae consisted of seven taxa, Syncerus (20%), Connochaetes (14%), Alcelaphus (6%), Bos (1%), Bovidae sp. (0.7%), Kobus (0.4%), and Tragelaphus (0.4%). 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These interactions can only be understood by studying carnivores' diets and obtaining comprehensive and unbiased diet data. For large carnivores—which typically rely on large herbivores as prey—the role of smaller prey species has not received attention. This study aims to quantify the contribution of small (5–50 kg) and very small (<5 kg) prey taxa in the diet of lions (Panthera leo melanochaita) in four Kenyan National Parks (NPs). We use DNA metabarcoding to achieve higher‐resolution insights into prey composition, which is less biased toward large prey species compared to traditional methods, such as carcass counts. Our study identified 24 prey taxa in a total of 171 lion fecal samples. Small and very small prey taxa together contributed 18.7% out of 278 prey occurrences in all fecal samples, with comparable small prey presence (ranging from 8% to 15%) in the diet for each NP studied. This approach proved to be useful in detecting small and very small prey species in the diet of lions and can therefore be used in future research to uncover the diverse diet composition of these large carnivores. The consistent presence of smaller prey species in the diet indicates that lions generally supplement their large prey diet with smaller prey.
Proportions of occurrences (%TX) of the four prey categories in the diet of the lion in four National Parks (NPs) in Kenya. Prey taxa identified and their contribution in percentages are given, and the diet contribution of medium‐to‐large, small, and very small taxa are depicted, as well as the presence of mesopredator (Mesop) taxa. Diet composition by prey taxon and prey category is presented as a proportion of occurrence (%TX). Total prey occurrences found were 278 in a total of 171 scat samples. The “Other” in the “Medium to Large” prey category consists of Giraffa (3%), Suidae (2%), Hippopotamus (0.4%), and Crocodylus (0.4%). In the “Medium to Large” category, the Equidae consisted of only one genus, Equus, whereas the Bovidae consisted of seven taxa, Syncerus (20%), Connochaetes (14%), Alcelaphus (6%), Bos (1%), Bovidae sp. (0.7%), Kobus (0.4%), and Tragelaphus (0.4%). Taxa abbreviations used: Aepyceros (Aepyc), Charadrius (Chara), Gallus (Gallu), Hystrix (Hystr), Ichneumia (Ichne), Lemniscomys (Lemni), Leptailurus (Lepta), Madoqua (Madoq), Nanger (Nange), and Phoenicopterus roseus (Phoen).</abstract><cop>Hoboken</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</pub><doi>10.1002/edn3.457</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5280-6434</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5940-039X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6049-6325</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0771-4500</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | carnivore Carnivores Composition Data collection Deoxyribonucleic acid Diet Dietary supplements DNA DNA barcoding DNA metabarcoding DNA‐based diet analysis Ecosystems Feces Field study Food chains Food chains (Ecology) food web Food webs Genetic testing Grasslands Herbivores Kenya Lions National parks National parks and reserves Panthera leo Parks & recreation areas Predation Prey Protection and preservation small prey Strategic planning (Business) Taxa |
| title | DNA metabarcoding illuminates the contribution of small and very small prey taxa to the diet of lions |
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