Finding causal relationship and ranking of industry 4.0 implementation challenges: a fuzzy DEMATEL-ANP approach

In recent years, the new technologies of the Industry 4.0 have been considered by the academic and industrial community due to the increasing sustainability and future competitiveness of the manufacturing sector. However, manufacturers face many challenges when implementing Industry 4.0 that must be identified and analyzed. The present study seeks to identify and analyze the challenges of implementing Industry 4.0 in the glass industry in Iran. Based on a systematic review of the literature, a total of 23 challenges were identified in 6 dimensions. In the next step, using the Fuzzy DEMATEL-ANP technique and a survey of 10 experts, causal relationships between challenges were identified and prioritized. Findings showed that financial challenges are the most critical cause, and organizational-managerial challenges are the most critical effect in implementing new technologies in Industry 4.0. Also, human-cultural challenges interact more with other challenges. Finally, the results showed the challenges of cyber security issues, lack of regulatory, legal and contractual mechanisms, lack of standards, laws and regulations and a general framework in the field of digital and lack of budget and financial instruments for education, R&D and digital operations, the most important challenges in the implementation of new technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution in polluting industries such as the glass industry. This study, for the first time, identifies and analyzes the challenges of implementing Industry 4.0 in one of Iran's polluting industries. The results of this study help policymakers to develop strategies for the acceptance and implementation of Industry 4.0.