Chronotropic Incompetence During Exercise Testing as a Marker of Autonomic Dysfunction in Individuals with Early Parkinson’s Disease

Background: An attenuated heart rate response to exercise, termed chronotropic incompetence, has been reported in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Chronotropic incompetence may be a marker of autonomic dysfunction and a cause of exercise intolerance in early stages of PD. Objective: To investigate the rela...

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