Investigation of the Emission Rate of Particles when Musicians Play Wind, Woodwind, and Brass Instruments
In the context of the high risk of airborne transmission of COVID-19, the question of the production of particles while playing wind instruments is highly relevant. Therefore, in this study, 23 professional musicians played their instruments in a cleanroom in cleanroom-grade clothing. The most commo...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Indoor air 2023-12, Vol.2023, p.1-11 |
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| container_title | Indoor air |
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| creator | Schumann, Lukas von Zadow, Dorothea Schmidt, Alexander Fernholz, Isabel Hartmann, Anne Ifrim, Liliana Kriegel, Martin Seybold, Joachim Mürbe, Dirk Fleischer, Mario |
| description | In the context of the high risk of airborne transmission of COVID-19, the question of the production of particles while playing wind instruments is highly relevant. Therefore, in this study, 23 professional musicians played their instruments in a cleanroom in cleanroom-grade clothing. The most common orchestral wind instruments flute, oboe, clarinet, and trumpet were therefore chosen. Aerosol measurements using a laser particle counter were conducted to quantify the emission rate of respiratory particles. Orchestral excerpts as well as sustained tones in two dynamic levels were played. The emitted particles were mostly in a submicron size range. For all instruments besides the clarinet, an influence of the loudness of playing on the emission rate could be observed. The emission rates for all musical instruments were independent of the passages played. Flute and oboe showed similar emission rates but lower than the values for clarinet and trumpet. While playing a note with a small volume, the flute, oboe, and trumpet have a similar emission rate as found for speaking. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1155/2023/8092828 |
| format | Article |
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Therefore, in this study, 23 professional musicians played their instruments in a cleanroom in cleanroom-grade clothing. The most common orchestral wind instruments flute, oboe, clarinet, and trumpet were therefore chosen. Aerosol measurements using a laser particle counter were conducted to quantify the emission rate of respiratory particles. Orchestral excerpts as well as sustained tones in two dynamic levels were played. The emitted particles were mostly in a submicron size range. For all instruments besides the clarinet, an influence of the loudness of playing on the emission rate could be observed. The emission rates for all musical instruments were independent of the passages played. Flute and oboe showed similar emission rates but lower than the values for clarinet and trumpet. While playing a note with a small volume, the flute, oboe, and trumpet have a similar emission rate as found for speaking.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0905-6947</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1600-0668</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1155/2023/8092828</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Malden: Hindawi</publisher><subject>Aerosols ; Airborne particulates ; Cleanrooms ; COVID-19 ; Disease transmission ; Emission analysis ; Emissions ; Investigations ; Loudness ; Musical instruments ; Musicians & conductors ; Particle counters ; Radiation counters ; Respiration ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; Wind ; Wind instruments</subject><ispartof>Indoor air, 2023-12, Vol.2023, p.1-11</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2023 Lukas Schumann et al.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2023 Lukas Schumann et al. 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Therefore, in this study, 23 professional musicians played their instruments in a cleanroom in cleanroom-grade clothing. The most common orchestral wind instruments flute, oboe, clarinet, and trumpet were therefore chosen. Aerosol measurements using a laser particle counter were conducted to quantify the emission rate of respiratory particles. Orchestral excerpts as well as sustained tones in two dynamic levels were played. The emitted particles were mostly in a submicron size range. For all instruments besides the clarinet, an influence of the loudness of playing on the emission rate could be observed. The emission rates for all musical instruments were independent of the passages played. Flute and oboe showed similar emission rates but lower than the values for clarinet and trumpet. 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| subjects | Aerosols Airborne particulates Cleanrooms COVID-19 Disease transmission Emission analysis Emissions Investigations Loudness Musical instruments Musicians & conductors Particle counters Radiation counters Respiration Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Wind Wind instruments |
| title | Investigation of the Emission Rate of Particles when Musicians Play Wind, Woodwind, and Brass Instruments |
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