CONSERVATION PROCESSES OF A WOODEN COFFIN COVERED WITH A BLACK RESIN LAYER AND COLORED MATERIALS IN DAHSHUR ARCHAEOLOGICAL AREA
This paper describes the results of a multi-technological analytical protocol performed on the painted surface of an Egyptian wooden coffin and documents the conservation processes of a wooden coffin covered with a black resin layer and coloured materials in Dahshur Archaeological Area dating back t...
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Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of conservation science 2023-10, Vol.14 (4), p.1485-1506 |
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creator | ABDELMONIEM, Abdelmoniem M. MOHAMED, Wael S. MAHMOUD, Naglaa MOHAMED, Saleh ABDEL-FATAH, Mostafa Ahmed OMAR, Ali M. WALY, Nahed HAMDY, Rim |
description | This paper describes the results of a multi-technological analytical protocol performed on the painted surface of an Egyptian wooden coffin and documents the conservation processes of a wooden coffin covered with a black resin layer and coloured materials in Dahshur Archaeological Area dating back to the late period. It uses visual observation, optical microscopy (OM), technical imaging, 2D and 3D programmes, and a scan made using an electron microscope coupled with an Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD). Wood identification was also carried out. The results showed the use of yellow ochre for the yellow painted layer; the ground layer was calcium carbonate with gypsum, and the fabric layer was linen. The conservation processes of the wooden coffin included mechanical and chemical cleaning; reassembling the separated wooden parts, ground layer, and black resin layers; filling the edge of the ground layer; and consolidating the wood, black resin, and painted layer. The conservation processes included mechanical cleaning using soft brushes, chemical cleaning using xylene and distilled water for the black resin layer and ethyl alcohol and distilled water for the painted layer, stabilisation of the separated ground layer using Paraloid B72, filling the cracks of the ground layers using glass microballoons with Paraloid B72, and consolidating the painted layer with nano-silica with Klucel G (hydroxypropyl cellulose) (0.5% concentration). |
doi_str_mv | 10.36868/IJCS.2023.04.16 |
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It uses visual observation, optical microscopy (OM), technical imaging, 2D and 3D programmes, and a scan made using an electron microscope coupled with an Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD). Wood identification was also carried out. The results showed the use of yellow ochre for the yellow painted layer; the ground layer was calcium carbonate with gypsum, and the fabric layer was linen. The conservation processes of the wooden coffin included mechanical and chemical cleaning; reassembling the separated wooden parts, ground layer, and black resin layers; filling the edge of the ground layer; and consolidating the wood, black resin, and painted layer. The conservation processes included mechanical cleaning using soft brushes, chemical cleaning using xylene and distilled water for the black resin layer and ethyl alcohol and distilled water for the painted layer, stabilisation of the separated ground layer using Paraloid B72, filling the cracks of the ground layers using glass microballoons with Paraloid B72, and consolidating the painted layer with nano-silica with Klucel G (hydroxypropyl cellulose) (0.5% concentration).</description><identifier>ISSN: 2067-533X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2067-8223</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.36868/IJCS.2023.04.16</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Iasi: International Journal of Conservation Science (IJCS)</publisher><subject>Archaeology ; Calcium carbonate ; Caskets ; Cellulose ; Chemical cleaning ; Conservation ; Digital cameras ; Distilled water ; Documentation ; Ethanol ; Gypsum ; Hydroxypropyl cellulose ; Kings ; Light microscopy ; Linen ; Mechanical cleaning ; Microballoons ; Microscopy ; Optical microscopy ; Photogrammetry ; Pigments ; Resins ; Silica ; Visual observation ; X-ray diffraction ; Xylene</subject><ispartof>International journal of conservation science, 2023-10, Vol.14 (4), p.1485-1506</ispartof><rights>2023. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). 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It uses visual observation, optical microscopy (OM), technical imaging, 2D and 3D programmes, and a scan made using an electron microscope coupled with an Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD). Wood identification was also carried out. The results showed the use of yellow ochre for the yellow painted layer; the ground layer was calcium carbonate with gypsum, and the fabric layer was linen. The conservation processes of the wooden coffin included mechanical and chemical cleaning; reassembling the separated wooden parts, ground layer, and black resin layers; filling the edge of the ground layer; and consolidating the wood, black resin, and painted layer. The conservation processes included mechanical cleaning using soft brushes, chemical cleaning using xylene and distilled water for the black resin layer and ethyl alcohol and distilled water for the painted layer, stabilisation of the separated ground layer using Paraloid B72, filling the cracks of the ground layers using glass microballoons with Paraloid B72, and consolidating the painted layer with nano-silica with Klucel G (hydroxypropyl cellulose) (0.5% concentration).</description><subject>Archaeology</subject><subject>Calcium carbonate</subject><subject>Caskets</subject><subject>Cellulose</subject><subject>Chemical cleaning</subject><subject>Conservation</subject><subject>Digital cameras</subject><subject>Distilled water</subject><subject>Documentation</subject><subject>Ethanol</subject><subject>Gypsum</subject><subject>Hydroxypropyl cellulose</subject><subject>Kings</subject><subject>Light microscopy</subject><subject>Linen</subject><subject>Mechanical cleaning</subject><subject>Microballoons</subject><subject>Microscopy</subject><subject>Optical microscopy</subject><subject>Photogrammetry</subject><subject>Pigments</subject><subject>Resins</subject><subject>Silica</subject><subject>Visual observation</subject><subject>X-ray 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Rim</creator><general>International Journal of Conservation Science (IJCS)</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20231001</creationdate><title>CONSERVATION PROCESSES OF A WOODEN COFFIN COVERED WITH A BLACK RESIN LAYER AND COLORED MATERIALS IN DAHSHUR ARCHAEOLOGICAL AREA</title><author>ABDELMONIEM, Abdelmoniem M. ; MOHAMED, Wael S. ; MAHMOUD, Naglaa ; MOHAMED, Saleh ; ABDEL-FATAH, Mostafa Ahmed ; OMAR, Ali M. ; WALY, Nahed ; HAMDY, 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Egypt</aucorp><aucorp>Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities, Adress, 33 El Buhouth St, 12622, Egypt</aucorp><aucorp>Fayoum University, Faculty of Archaeology, Conservation Department, Al Mashtal, 32 Zaid Ibn Haretha, 63514 Fayoum, Egypt</aucorp><aucorp>National Research Centre, Polymer Department, Dokki – Cairo, Ad Doqi, 33 El Buhouth St, 12622, Egypt</aucorp><aucorp>Cairo University, Faculty of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, Giza District, Oula, Egypt</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>CONSERVATION PROCESSES OF A WOODEN COFFIN COVERED WITH A BLACK RESIN LAYER AND COLORED MATERIALS IN DAHSHUR ARCHAEOLOGICAL AREA</atitle><jtitle>International journal of conservation science</jtitle><date>2023-10-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>1485</spage><epage>1506</epage><pages>1485-1506</pages><issn>2067-533X</issn><eissn>2067-8223</eissn><abstract>This paper describes the results of a multi-technological analytical protocol performed on the painted surface of an Egyptian wooden coffin and documents the conservation processes of a wooden coffin covered with a black resin layer and coloured materials in Dahshur Archaeological Area dating back to the late period. It uses visual observation, optical microscopy (OM), technical imaging, 2D and 3D programmes, and a scan made using an electron microscope coupled with an Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD). Wood identification was also carried out. The results showed the use of yellow ochre for the yellow painted layer; the ground layer was calcium carbonate with gypsum, and the fabric layer was linen. The conservation processes of the wooden coffin included mechanical and chemical cleaning; reassembling the separated wooden parts, ground layer, and black resin layers; filling the edge of the ground layer; and consolidating the wood, black resin, and painted layer. The conservation processes included mechanical cleaning using soft brushes, chemical cleaning using xylene and distilled water for the black resin layer and ethyl alcohol and distilled water for the painted layer, stabilisation of the separated ground layer using Paraloid B72, filling the cracks of the ground layers using glass microballoons with Paraloid B72, and consolidating the painted layer with nano-silica with Klucel G (hydroxypropyl cellulose) (0.5% concentration).</abstract><cop>Iasi</cop><pub>International Journal of Conservation Science (IJCS)</pub><doi>10.36868/IJCS.2023.04.16</doi><tpages>22</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Archaeology Calcium carbonate Caskets Cellulose Chemical cleaning Conservation Digital cameras Distilled water Documentation Ethanol Gypsum Hydroxypropyl cellulose Kings Light microscopy Linen Mechanical cleaning Microballoons Microscopy Optical microscopy Photogrammetry Pigments Resins Silica Visual observation X-ray diffraction Xylene |
title | CONSERVATION PROCESSES OF A WOODEN COFFIN COVERED WITH A BLACK RESIN LAYER AND COLORED MATERIALS IN DAHSHUR ARCHAEOLOGICAL AREA |
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