Hybrid optimization based on heuristic ant colony optimization and modified particle swarm optimization for designing multipath routing protocol in VANETs

The new technology that can perform well in the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) is known as a Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs). Because of their dynamic, unpredictable motion and rapid speeds, VANETs have less effective communication. This problem causes an increase in routing overhead and transmission end-to-end latency, which has a significant impact on VANET performance. In order to achieve this, the Hybrid Optimization Method (HOHAMP) for multipath communication in VANETs is suggested in this research. It is based on heuristic ant colony optimization and modified particle swarm optimization. The suggested solution is broken down into two sections: Heuristic Ant Colony Optimization (HACO), which uses heuristic pheromone deposition to determine the shortest path. The Modified Particle Swarm Optimization (MPSO) method is then used to deliver the best optimum solution in the event that any speed-related failure occurs. Effective multipath communication in VANETs is made possible by this hybrid optimization strategy. The simulation is run using the Open Street Mapping technique in NS2 and SUMO. Measurements of the HOHAMP routing protocol’s performance include its end-to-end latency, packet delivery ratio, packet loss, and routing overhead. Its performance is also evaluated in comparison to that of the previous HGFA and PQHA routing protocols. It is evident from the findings that, in comparison to past efforts, the proposed HOHAMP produces greater packet delivery ratios with less latency, packet loss, and routing overhead.