Preparation of sulfur dioxide by divalent iron synergistic coke reduction of phosphogypsum in a fluidized bed
Phosphogypsum (PG) can be reduced by thermal treatment and produces SO 2 and lime slag. Unfortunately, the SO 2 yield is low and the PG decomposition temperature is high. This problem can be resolved by adding reducing agents and additives. However, the current studies mainly investigate the effect...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 2023-12, Vol.148 (24), p.13959-13972 |
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| creator | Ma, Dong Wang, Qinhui |
| description | Phosphogypsum (PG) can be reduced by thermal treatment and produces SO
2
and lime slag. Unfortunately, the SO
2
yield is low and the PG decomposition temperature is high. This problem can be resolved by adding reducing agents and additives. However, the current studies mainly investigate the effect of Fe
3+
on the PG reduction in a fixed bed, while there are few studies on the preparation of SO
2
from Fe
2+
-assisted coke reduction of PG in a fluidized bed and lack of analysis of the sulfur form in the gas products. Consequently, using coke as the reducing agent and Fe
2+
as the additive, together with thermodynamic simulation and kinetic calculation, the impacts of Fe/Ca molar ratio, C/Ca molar ratio and reaction temperature on SO
2
yield by PG decomposition in a fluidized bed are explored. It is found that the addition of Fe
2+
could reduce reaction temperature and activation energy of the PG-C system. The inclusion of Fe
2+
boosts the SO
2
yield and PG decomposition rate in comparison to PG-C system. The SO
2
yield and PG decomposition rate under these circumstances are 95.41% and 99.07%, respectively, with C/Ca of 0.5 and Fe/Ca of 1 at 1100 °C. The S in the gas products is in the form of SO
2
, COS and S
2
. Kinetic calculations reveal that the PG-C system and the PG-C-Fe
2+
system are consistent with the nucleation and growth models with g(α) = -ln(1-α). The preparation of SO
2
from PG reduction by Fe
2+
synergistic coke is mainly achieved through the valence transition of Fe
2+
.
Graphical abstract |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10973-023-12701-4 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_proqu</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_2904605863</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A776953251</galeid><sourcerecordid>A776953251</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2948-4bfb4d4b0ba8f18c5ab8a4212d56a6a6d4f15df5c41d4d5bd7d39a8f6fc0edb63</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kctKxDAUhosoqKMv4CrgykU1SZNeliLeYEDxsg651uhMU5NWZnx6j1YRN3IIOYTvO0n4s-yA4GOCcXWSCG6qIse0yAmtMMnZRrZDeF3ntKHlJvQF9CXheDvbTekZY9w0mOxky9toexnl4EOHgkNpXLgxIuPDyhuL1BraN7mw3YB8BCStOxtbnwavkQ4vFkVrRv1j908hwWrXfRqXyHdIIrcYvfHv1iBlzV625eQi2f3vfZY9Xpw_nF3l85vL67PTea5pw-qcKaeYYQorWTtSay5VLRkl1PBSQhnmCDeOa0YMM1yZyhQNoKXT2BpVFrPscJrbx_A62jSI5zDGDq4UtMGsxLwuC6COJ6qFDwrfuTBEqaGMXXodOus8nJ9WVdnwgnICwtEfAZjBroZWjimJ6_u7vyydWB1DStE60Ue_lHEtCBafmYkpMwGZia_MBAOpmKQEcNfa-Pvuf6wP8BCbQw</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2904605863</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Preparation of sulfur dioxide by divalent iron synergistic coke reduction of phosphogypsum in a fluidized bed</title><source>Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals</source><creator>Ma, Dong ; Wang, Qinhui</creator><creatorcontrib>Ma, Dong ; Wang, Qinhui</creatorcontrib><description>Phosphogypsum (PG) can be reduced by thermal treatment and produces SO
2
and lime slag. Unfortunately, the SO
2
yield is low and the PG decomposition temperature is high. This problem can be resolved by adding reducing agents and additives. However, the current studies mainly investigate the effect of Fe
3+
on the PG reduction in a fixed bed, while there are few studies on the preparation of SO
2
from Fe
2+
-assisted coke reduction of PG in a fluidized bed and lack of analysis of the sulfur form in the gas products. Consequently, using coke as the reducing agent and Fe
2+
as the additive, together with thermodynamic simulation and kinetic calculation, the impacts of Fe/Ca molar ratio, C/Ca molar ratio and reaction temperature on SO
2
yield by PG decomposition in a fluidized bed are explored. It is found that the addition of Fe
2+
could reduce reaction temperature and activation energy of the PG-C system. The inclusion of Fe
2+
boosts the SO
2
yield and PG decomposition rate in comparison to PG-C system. The SO
2
yield and PG decomposition rate under these circumstances are 95.41% and 99.07%, respectively, with C/Ca of 0.5 and Fe/Ca of 1 at 1100 °C. The S in the gas products is in the form of SO
2
, COS and S
2
. Kinetic calculations reveal that the PG-C system and the PG-C-Fe
2+
system are consistent with the nucleation and growth models with g(α) = -ln(1-α). The preparation of SO
2
from PG reduction by Fe
2+
synergistic coke is mainly achieved through the valence transition of Fe
2+
.
Graphical abstract</description><identifier>ISSN: 1388-6150</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1588-2926</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10973-023-12701-4</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>Activation energy ; Additives ; Air pollution ; Analytical Chemistry ; Chemistry ; Chemistry and Materials Science ; Coke oven gas ; Decomposition ; Decomposition reactions ; Fixed beds ; Fluidized beds ; Growth models ; Gypsum ; Heat treatment ; Inorganic Chemistry ; Iron ; Measurement Science and Instrumentation ; Nucleation ; Phosphogypsum ; Physical Chemistry ; Polymer Sciences ; Reagents ; Reducing agents ; Sulfur dioxide ; Thermodynamics</subject><ispartof>Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry, 2023-12, Vol.148 (24), p.13959-13972</ispartof><rights>Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 Springer</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2948-4bfb4d4b0ba8f18c5ab8a4212d56a6a6d4f15df5c41d4d5bd7d39a8f6fc0edb63</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10973-023-12701-4$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10973-023-12701-4$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ma, Dong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Qinhui</creatorcontrib><title>Preparation of sulfur dioxide by divalent iron synergistic coke reduction of phosphogypsum in a fluidized bed</title><title>Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry</title><addtitle>J Therm Anal Calorim</addtitle><description>Phosphogypsum (PG) can be reduced by thermal treatment and produces SO
2
and lime slag. Unfortunately, the SO
2
yield is low and the PG decomposition temperature is high. This problem can be resolved by adding reducing agents and additives. However, the current studies mainly investigate the effect of Fe
3+
on the PG reduction in a fixed bed, while there are few studies on the preparation of SO
2
from Fe
2+
-assisted coke reduction of PG in a fluidized bed and lack of analysis of the sulfur form in the gas products. Consequently, using coke as the reducing agent and Fe
2+
as the additive, together with thermodynamic simulation and kinetic calculation, the impacts of Fe/Ca molar ratio, C/Ca molar ratio and reaction temperature on SO
2
yield by PG decomposition in a fluidized bed are explored. It is found that the addition of Fe
2+
could reduce reaction temperature and activation energy of the PG-C system. The inclusion of Fe
2+
boosts the SO
2
yield and PG decomposition rate in comparison to PG-C system. The SO
2
yield and PG decomposition rate under these circumstances are 95.41% and 99.07%, respectively, with C/Ca of 0.5 and Fe/Ca of 1 at 1100 °C. The S in the gas products is in the form of SO
2
, COS and S
2
. Kinetic calculations reveal that the PG-C system and the PG-C-Fe
2+
system are consistent with the nucleation and growth models with g(α) = -ln(1-α). The preparation of SO
2
from PG reduction by Fe
2+
synergistic coke is mainly achieved through the valence transition of Fe
2+
.
Graphical abstract</description><subject>Activation energy</subject><subject>Additives</subject><subject>Air pollution</subject><subject>Analytical Chemistry</subject><subject>Chemistry</subject><subject>Chemistry and Materials Science</subject><subject>Coke oven gas</subject><subject>Decomposition</subject><subject>Decomposition reactions</subject><subject>Fixed beds</subject><subject>Fluidized beds</subject><subject>Growth models</subject><subject>Gypsum</subject><subject>Heat treatment</subject><subject>Inorganic Chemistry</subject><subject>Iron</subject><subject>Measurement Science and Instrumentation</subject><subject>Nucleation</subject><subject>Phosphogypsum</subject><subject>Physical Chemistry</subject><subject>Polymer Sciences</subject><subject>Reagents</subject><subject>Reducing agents</subject><subject>Sulfur dioxide</subject><subject>Thermodynamics</subject><issn>1388-6150</issn><issn>1588-2926</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kctKxDAUhosoqKMv4CrgykU1SZNeliLeYEDxsg651uhMU5NWZnx6j1YRN3IIOYTvO0n4s-yA4GOCcXWSCG6qIse0yAmtMMnZRrZDeF3ntKHlJvQF9CXheDvbTekZY9w0mOxky9toexnl4EOHgkNpXLgxIuPDyhuL1BraN7mw3YB8BCStOxtbnwavkQ4vFkVrRv1j908hwWrXfRqXyHdIIrcYvfHv1iBlzV625eQi2f3vfZY9Xpw_nF3l85vL67PTea5pw-qcKaeYYQorWTtSay5VLRkl1PBSQhnmCDeOa0YMM1yZyhQNoKXT2BpVFrPscJrbx_A62jSI5zDGDq4UtMGsxLwuC6COJ6qFDwrfuTBEqaGMXXodOus8nJ9WVdnwgnICwtEfAZjBroZWjimJ6_u7vyydWB1DStE60Ue_lHEtCBafmYkpMwGZia_MBAOpmKQEcNfa-Pvuf6wP8BCbQw</recordid><startdate>20231201</startdate><enddate>20231201</enddate><creator>Ma, Dong</creator><creator>Wang, Qinhui</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><general>Springer</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>ISR</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20231201</creationdate><title>Preparation of sulfur dioxide by divalent iron synergistic coke reduction of phosphogypsum in a fluidized bed</title><author>Ma, Dong ; Wang, Qinhui</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2948-4bfb4d4b0ba8f18c5ab8a4212d56a6a6d4f15df5c41d4d5bd7d39a8f6fc0edb63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Activation energy</topic><topic>Additives</topic><topic>Air pollution</topic><topic>Analytical Chemistry</topic><topic>Chemistry</topic><topic>Chemistry and Materials Science</topic><topic>Coke oven gas</topic><topic>Decomposition</topic><topic>Decomposition reactions</topic><topic>Fixed beds</topic><topic>Fluidized beds</topic><topic>Growth models</topic><topic>Gypsum</topic><topic>Heat treatment</topic><topic>Inorganic Chemistry</topic><topic>Iron</topic><topic>Measurement Science and Instrumentation</topic><topic>Nucleation</topic><topic>Phosphogypsum</topic><topic>Physical Chemistry</topic><topic>Polymer Sciences</topic><topic>Reagents</topic><topic>Reducing agents</topic><topic>Sulfur dioxide</topic><topic>Thermodynamics</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ma, Dong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Qinhui</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><jtitle>Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ma, Dong</au><au>Wang, Qinhui</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Preparation of sulfur dioxide by divalent iron synergistic coke reduction of phosphogypsum in a fluidized bed</atitle><jtitle>Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry</jtitle><stitle>J Therm Anal Calorim</stitle><date>2023-12-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>148</volume><issue>24</issue><spage>13959</spage><epage>13972</epage><pages>13959-13972</pages><issn>1388-6150</issn><eissn>1588-2926</eissn><abstract>Phosphogypsum (PG) can be reduced by thermal treatment and produces SO
2
and lime slag. Unfortunately, the SO
2
yield is low and the PG decomposition temperature is high. This problem can be resolved by adding reducing agents and additives. However, the current studies mainly investigate the effect of Fe
3+
on the PG reduction in a fixed bed, while there are few studies on the preparation of SO
2
from Fe
2+
-assisted coke reduction of PG in a fluidized bed and lack of analysis of the sulfur form in the gas products. Consequently, using coke as the reducing agent and Fe
2+
as the additive, together with thermodynamic simulation and kinetic calculation, the impacts of Fe/Ca molar ratio, C/Ca molar ratio and reaction temperature on SO
2
yield by PG decomposition in a fluidized bed are explored. It is found that the addition of Fe
2+
could reduce reaction temperature and activation energy of the PG-C system. The inclusion of Fe
2+
boosts the SO
2
yield and PG decomposition rate in comparison to PG-C system. The SO
2
yield and PG decomposition rate under these circumstances are 95.41% and 99.07%, respectively, with C/Ca of 0.5 and Fe/Ca of 1 at 1100 °C. The S in the gas products is in the form of SO
2
, COS and S
2
. Kinetic calculations reveal that the PG-C system and the PG-C-Fe
2+
system are consistent with the nucleation and growth models with g(α) = -ln(1-α). The preparation of SO
2
from PG reduction by Fe
2+
synergistic coke is mainly achieved through the valence transition of Fe
2+
.
Graphical abstract</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><doi>10.1007/s10973-023-12701-4</doi><tpages>14</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1388-6150 |
| ispartof | Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry, 2023-12, Vol.148 (24), p.13959-13972 |
| issn | 1388-6150 1588-2926 |
| language | eng |
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| source | Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals |
| subjects | Activation energy Additives Air pollution Analytical Chemistry Chemistry Chemistry and Materials Science Coke oven gas Decomposition Decomposition reactions Fixed beds Fluidized beds Growth models Gypsum Heat treatment Inorganic Chemistry Iron Measurement Science and Instrumentation Nucleation Phosphogypsum Physical Chemistry Polymer Sciences Reagents Reducing agents Sulfur dioxide Thermodynamics |
| title | Preparation of sulfur dioxide by divalent iron synergistic coke reduction of phosphogypsum in a fluidized bed |
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