Anti-inflamatory and anti-oxidant effect of vinpocetine and cilostazol on glycerol induce acute renal injury

Acute renal failure, also identified now a days as acute kidney injury (AKI), is the unexpected and often abrupt loss of kidney function. Injection of glycerol, which causes myoglobinuria similar to clinical rabidomyolysis and is characterized by rapid increases in blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine, glycerol-induced acute kidney injury is caused by renal ischemia and myoglobin nephrotoxicity. Vinpocetine is an herbal supplement, It is specific PDE type 1 inhibitor used to treat various neurological disorders, have anti-inflamatory and antioxidant properites. Cilostazol It inhibits platelet aggregation, it has specific PDE-3 inhibition, reduces vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, and promotes vasodilation. In this study, we investigated effect and mechanism of vinpocetine and cilostazol drugs in animal model of glycerol induce AKI. Rats were divided in five groups, during 14-days trial, control group received 2ml/kg normal saline; induction group received 10ml/kg intramuscular injection of glycerol; vinpocetine group received 5mg/kg via gavage, cilostazol group received 50mg/kg, and combination group received half dose vinpocetine (2.5mg/kg) and cilostazol (25mg/kg). We observed that induction group have higher levels of urea and creatinine as well as increase in their inflammation and oxidative stress levels, also renal tissue show morphological changes typical of AKI, while pretreated with vinpocetine, cilostazol, combination groups reduce glycerol induce acute renal damage.From these trials we found that vinpocetine and cilostazol can reinforce protection of renal rat by inhibition of (Kim-1, NGAL, and NF-kB), and by reducing MDA levels and elevation of GSH levels.