Novel epoxy nanocomposite with nano TiO2 and Al2O3 by D-optimal combined design and partial least squares discriminate analysis for food packaging
This study aimed to use D-optimal combined design, and partial least squares discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) to investigate the mechanical properties, and chemical compatibilities of improved epoxy nanocomposites by nano TiO2/Al2O3. Experimental design of adhesion, and wedge bend properties led the r...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of nano dimension 2023-12, Vol.14 (4), p.304-319 |
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| creator | Araghi, Samira Siami Mousavi, Seyed Mohamad Ali Ebrahimzadeh Safekordi, Ali Akbar Dinpanah, Reza |
| description | This study aimed to use D-optimal combined design, and partial least squares discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) to investigate the mechanical properties, and chemical compatibilities of improved epoxy nanocomposites by nano TiO2/Al2O3. Experimental design of adhesion, and wedge bend properties led the results into the optimum values of TiO2 = 0.66%, A12O3= 1.33%, dispersant= 0.000017%. The variable importance of the projection (VIP) score and PLS-DA modeling were used to categorize mechanical properties and chemical compatibilities. The best point could be identified from the other samples, based on the results. PLS-DA could explain 94.32% of the total variance in the data and wedge bend, adhesion and thermal treatment were the most significant variables with VIP scores at 2.73,2.02, and 1.38, respectively. The morphology was examined using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The thermal properties of nanocomposites were described by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) to define the glass transition temperature for epoxy-nanocomposites. The mechanical properties were measured to assess the storage modulus via the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Epoxy/TiO2/Al2O3 nanocomposite exhibited a uniform particle distribution, as indicated by the FESEM image. Adding nanoparticles significantly raised the glass transition temperature. The presence of nanoparticles can be used to enhance storage modulus functionally. |
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Experimental design of adhesion, and wedge bend properties led the results into the optimum values of TiO2 = 0.66%, A12O3= 1.33%, dispersant= 0.000017%. The variable importance of the projection (VIP) score and PLS-DA modeling were used to categorize mechanical properties and chemical compatibilities. The best point could be identified from the other samples, based on the results. PLS-DA could explain 94.32% of the total variance in the data and wedge bend, adhesion and thermal treatment were the most significant variables with VIP scores at 2.73,2.02, and 1.38, respectively. The morphology was examined using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The thermal properties of nanocomposites were described by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) to define the glass transition temperature for epoxy-nanocomposites. The mechanical properties were measured to assess the storage modulus via the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Epoxy/TiO2/Al2O3 nanocomposite exhibited a uniform particle distribution, as indicated by the FESEM image. Adding nanoparticles significantly raised the glass transition temperature. The presence of nanoparticles can be used to enhance storage modulus functionally.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2008-8868</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2228-5059</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Witney: OICC Press</publisher><subject>Acids ; Adhesion ; Aluminum oxide ; Bend properties ; Design analysis ; Design of experiments ; Discriminant analysis ; Dispersants ; Dynamic mechanical analysis ; Epoxy resins ; Field emission microscopy ; Food packaging ; Glass transition temperature ; Heat resistance ; Heat treatment ; Investigations ; Least squares ; Mechanical properties ; Nanocomposites ; Nanoparticles ; Optimization ; Phenols ; Polymers ; Storage modulus ; Test methods ; Thermodynamic properties ; Titanium dioxide ; Ultrasonic imaging</subject><ispartof>International journal of nano dimension, 2023-12, Vol.14 (4), p.304-319</ispartof><rights>Copyright International Journal of Nano Dimension (IJND) Autumn 2023</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Araghi, Samira Siami</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mousavi, Seyed Mohamad Ali Ebrahimzadeh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Safekordi, Ali Akbar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dinpanah, Reza</creatorcontrib><title>Novel epoxy nanocomposite with nano TiO2 and Al2O3 by D-optimal combined design and partial least squares discriminate analysis for food packaging</title><title>International journal of nano dimension</title><description>This study aimed to use D-optimal combined design, and partial least squares discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) to investigate the mechanical properties, and chemical compatibilities of improved epoxy nanocomposites by nano TiO2/Al2O3. Experimental design of adhesion, and wedge bend properties led the results into the optimum values of TiO2 = 0.66%, A12O3= 1.33%, dispersant= 0.000017%. The variable importance of the projection (VIP) score and PLS-DA modeling were used to categorize mechanical properties and chemical compatibilities. The best point could be identified from the other samples, based on the results. PLS-DA could explain 94.32% of the total variance in the data and wedge bend, adhesion and thermal treatment were the most significant variables with VIP scores at 2.73,2.02, and 1.38, respectively. The morphology was examined using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The thermal properties of nanocomposites were described by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) to define the glass transition temperature for epoxy-nanocomposites. The mechanical properties were measured to assess the storage modulus via the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Epoxy/TiO2/Al2O3 nanocomposite exhibited a uniform particle distribution, as indicated by the FESEM image. Adding nanoparticles significantly raised the glass transition temperature. The presence of nanoparticles can be used to enhance storage modulus functionally.</description><subject>Acids</subject><subject>Adhesion</subject><subject>Aluminum oxide</subject><subject>Bend properties</subject><subject>Design analysis</subject><subject>Design of experiments</subject><subject>Discriminant analysis</subject><subject>Dispersants</subject><subject>Dynamic mechanical analysis</subject><subject>Epoxy resins</subject><subject>Field emission microscopy</subject><subject>Food packaging</subject><subject>Glass transition temperature</subject><subject>Heat resistance</subject><subject>Heat treatment</subject><subject>Investigations</subject><subject>Least squares</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Nanocomposites</subject><subject>Nanoparticles</subject><subject>Optimization</subject><subject>Phenols</subject><subject>Polymers</subject><subject>Storage modulus</subject><subject>Test methods</subject><subject>Thermodynamic properties</subject><subject>Titanium dioxide</subject><subject>Ultrasonic imaging</subject><issn>2008-8868</issn><issn>2228-5059</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNotTstqwzAQNKWFhjT_IOjZIK0iSz6G9AmhvqTnINurVKktOZbcNr_RL66admGZYWZ22ItsBgAqF1SUl4lTqnKlCnWdLUI40DQFBV6oWfb94j-wIzj4rxNx2vnG94MPNiL5tPHtLJGtrYBo15JVBxUn9Ync5X6IttcdSfnaOmxJi8Hu3Tk26DHa5HWoQyThOOkRA2ltaEbbW6dTuXa6OwUbiPFjWv971LzrvXX7m-zK6C7g4h_n2evD_Xb9lG-qx-f1apMPjPGYg2CAWBdLUC0ILE1RSMoU56IWhjW8VhIbpsCw0siWL0sQxgCnsjaMoaR8nt3-9Q6jP04Y4u7gpzH9FXagSpCsZFzyH57kZAw</recordid><startdate>20231201</startdate><enddate>20231201</enddate><creator>Araghi, Samira Siami</creator><creator>Mousavi, Seyed Mohamad Ali Ebrahimzadeh</creator><creator>Safekordi, Ali Akbar</creator><creator>Dinpanah, Reza</creator><general>OICC Press</general><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>CWDGH</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20231201</creationdate><title>Novel epoxy nanocomposite with nano TiO2 and Al2O3 by D-optimal combined design and partial least squares discriminate analysis for food packaging</title><author>Araghi, Samira Siami ; Mousavi, Seyed Mohamad Ali Ebrahimzadeh ; Safekordi, Ali Akbar ; Dinpanah, Reza</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-p113t-2512eeb6428d25e9f667018335b5f1c3b87ec182f19f7d34925ff2307bf11e703</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Acids</topic><topic>Adhesion</topic><topic>Aluminum oxide</topic><topic>Bend properties</topic><topic>Design analysis</topic><topic>Design of experiments</topic><topic>Discriminant analysis</topic><topic>Dispersants</topic><topic>Dynamic mechanical analysis</topic><topic>Epoxy resins</topic><topic>Field emission microscopy</topic><topic>Food packaging</topic><topic>Glass transition temperature</topic><topic>Heat resistance</topic><topic>Heat treatment</topic><topic>Investigations</topic><topic>Least squares</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Nanocomposites</topic><topic>Nanoparticles</topic><topic>Optimization</topic><topic>Phenols</topic><topic>Polymers</topic><topic>Storage modulus</topic><topic>Test methods</topic><topic>Thermodynamic properties</topic><topic>Titanium dioxide</topic><topic>Ultrasonic imaging</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Araghi, Samira Siami</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mousavi, Seyed Mohamad Ali Ebrahimzadeh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Safekordi, Ali Akbar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dinpanah, Reza</creatorcontrib><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Middle East & Africa Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><jtitle>International journal of nano dimension</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Araghi, Samira Siami</au><au>Mousavi, Seyed Mohamad Ali Ebrahimzadeh</au><au>Safekordi, Ali Akbar</au><au>Dinpanah, Reza</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Novel epoxy nanocomposite with nano TiO2 and Al2O3 by D-optimal combined design and partial least squares discriminate analysis for food packaging</atitle><jtitle>International journal of nano dimension</jtitle><date>2023-12-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>304</spage><epage>319</epage><pages>304-319</pages><issn>2008-8868</issn><eissn>2228-5059</eissn><abstract>This study aimed to use D-optimal combined design, and partial least squares discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) to investigate the mechanical properties, and chemical compatibilities of improved epoxy nanocomposites by nano TiO2/Al2O3. Experimental design of adhesion, and wedge bend properties led the results into the optimum values of TiO2 = 0.66%, A12O3= 1.33%, dispersant= 0.000017%. The variable importance of the projection (VIP) score and PLS-DA modeling were used to categorize mechanical properties and chemical compatibilities. The best point could be identified from the other samples, based on the results. PLS-DA could explain 94.32% of the total variance in the data and wedge bend, adhesion and thermal treatment were the most significant variables with VIP scores at 2.73,2.02, and 1.38, respectively. The morphology was examined using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The thermal properties of nanocomposites were described by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) to define the glass transition temperature for epoxy-nanocomposites. The mechanical properties were measured to assess the storage modulus via the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Epoxy/TiO2/Al2O3 nanocomposite exhibited a uniform particle distribution, as indicated by the FESEM image. Adding nanoparticles significantly raised the glass transition temperature. The presence of nanoparticles can be used to enhance storage modulus functionally.</abstract><cop>Witney</cop><pub>OICC Press</pub><tpages>16</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Acids Adhesion Aluminum oxide Bend properties Design analysis Design of experiments Discriminant analysis Dispersants Dynamic mechanical analysis Epoxy resins Field emission microscopy Food packaging Glass transition temperature Heat resistance Heat treatment Investigations Least squares Mechanical properties Nanocomposites Nanoparticles Optimization Phenols Polymers Storage modulus Test methods Thermodynamic properties Titanium dioxide Ultrasonic imaging |
| title | Novel epoxy nanocomposite with nano TiO2 and Al2O3 by D-optimal combined design and partial least squares discriminate analysis for food packaging |
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