Preparation of bismuth oxycarbodiimide Bi2O2NCN by a liquid-phase process

Bismuth oxychalcogenides such as Bi 2 O 2 Ch ( Ch  = S, Se, and Te) have attracted significant attention in the field of materials science because of their unique structure, chemical stability, and high carrier mobility, which make them potential candidates as novel functional materials for various...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of sol-gel science and technology 2023-12, Vol.108 (3), p.704-712
Hauptverfasser: Sumioka, Oomi, Tarutani, Naoki, Katagiri, Kiyofumi, Inumaru, Kei
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Tarutani, Naoki
Katagiri, Kiyofumi
Inumaru, Kei
description Bismuth oxychalcogenides such as Bi 2 O 2 Ch ( Ch  = S, Se, and Te) have attracted significant attention in the field of materials science because of their unique structure, chemical stability, and high carrier mobility, which make them potential candidates as novel functional materials for various applications. Recently, it was reported that an analogous material of Bi 2 O 2 Ch , bismuth oxycarbodiimide (Bi 2 O 2 NCN), can be synthesized and used in photoelectrodes. Bi 2 O 2 NCN contains the carbodiimide ion (NCN 2− ), which is a well-known pseudochalcogenide ion, instead of a chalcogenide ion. However, the preparation of metal (oxy)carbodiimides, including Bi 2 O 2 NCN, is limited to a few methods such as solid-phase metathesis. In this study, a simple liquid-phase preparation method for Bi 2 O 2 NCN was developed. Bi(NO 3 ) 3 ·5H 2 O, which was used as the Bi precursor, formed insoluble basic bismuth nitrate clusters when reacted with water under neutral pH conditions. Strong acidic conditions were required for the complete dissolution of these clusters. When the Bi precursor and H 2 NCN were homogeneously dissolved under strongly acidic conditions, and ammonia water was added, Bi 2 O 2 NCN was obtained with impurities. In contrast, when basic bismuth nitrate was undissolved, and ammonia water was added in the presence of H 2 NCN in an inhomogeneous system, basic bismuth nitrate clusters were rapidly converted to Bi 2 O 2 NCN with high crystallinity and purity. This method can be potentially applied to the preparation of various metal (oxy)carbodiimides by the liquid-phase process because of its simplicity, low cost, and low energy consumption. Graphical Abstract Highlights Bismuth oxycarbodiimide was prepared using bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and cyanamide as precursors. Bismuth oxycarbodiimide, which was obtained from a homogeneous solution in which the Bi precursor was completely dissolved, contained impurities. In an inhomogeneous system that contained dispersions of insoluble basic bismuth nitrate clusters, bismuth oxycarbodiimide was rapidly obtained via basification in the presence of cyanamide. The bismuth oxycarbodiimide prepared via an inhomogeneous liquid-phase process showed high purity and crystallinity.
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Recently, it was reported that an analogous material of Bi 2 O 2 Ch , bismuth oxycarbodiimide (Bi 2 O 2 NCN), can be synthesized and used in photoelectrodes. Bi 2 O 2 NCN contains the carbodiimide ion (NCN 2− ), which is a well-known pseudochalcogenide ion, instead of a chalcogenide ion. However, the preparation of metal (oxy)carbodiimides, including Bi 2 O 2 NCN, is limited to a few methods such as solid-phase metathesis. In this study, a simple liquid-phase preparation method for Bi 2 O 2 NCN was developed. Bi(NO 3 ) 3 ·5H 2 O, which was used as the Bi precursor, formed insoluble basic bismuth nitrate clusters when reacted with water under neutral pH conditions. Strong acidic conditions were required for the complete dissolution of these clusters. When the Bi precursor and H 2 NCN were homogeneously dissolved under strongly acidic conditions, and ammonia water was added, Bi 2 O 2 NCN was obtained with impurities. In contrast, when basic bismuth nitrate was undissolved, and ammonia water was added in the presence of H 2 NCN in an inhomogeneous system, basic bismuth nitrate clusters were rapidly converted to Bi 2 O 2 NCN with high crystallinity and purity. This method can be potentially applied to the preparation of various metal (oxy)carbodiimides by the liquid-phase process because of its simplicity, low cost, and low energy consumption. Graphical Abstract Highlights Bismuth oxycarbodiimide was prepared using bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and cyanamide as precursors. Bismuth oxycarbodiimide, which was obtained from a homogeneous solution in which the Bi precursor was completely dissolved, contained impurities. In an inhomogeneous system that contained dispersions of insoluble basic bismuth nitrate clusters, bismuth oxycarbodiimide was rapidly obtained via basification in the presence of cyanamide. The bismuth oxycarbodiimide prepared via an inhomogeneous liquid-phase process showed high purity and crystallinity.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0928-0707</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-4846</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10971-023-06175-x</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Springer US</publisher><subject>Ammonia ; Basic converters ; Bismuth ; Carbodiimides ; Carrier mobility ; Ceramics ; Chemistry and Materials Science ; Clusters ; Composites ; Crystallinity ; Energy consumption ; Functional materials ; Glass ; hybrids and solution chemistries ; Impurities ; Inhomogeneous systems ; Inorganic Chemistry ; Liquid phases ; Materials Science ; Metathesis ; Nanotechnology ; Natural Materials ; Nitrates ; Optical and Electronic Materials ; Original Paper: Sol-gel ; Precursors ; Purity ; Solid phases ; Structural stability</subject><ispartof>Journal of sol-gel science and technology, 2023-12, Vol.108 (3), p.704-712</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2023. 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Recently, it was reported that an analogous material of Bi 2 O 2 Ch , bismuth oxycarbodiimide (Bi 2 O 2 NCN), can be synthesized and used in photoelectrodes. Bi 2 O 2 NCN contains the carbodiimide ion (NCN 2− ), which is a well-known pseudochalcogenide ion, instead of a chalcogenide ion. However, the preparation of metal (oxy)carbodiimides, including Bi 2 O 2 NCN, is limited to a few methods such as solid-phase metathesis. In this study, a simple liquid-phase preparation method for Bi 2 O 2 NCN was developed. Bi(NO 3 ) 3 ·5H 2 O, which was used as the Bi precursor, formed insoluble basic bismuth nitrate clusters when reacted with water under neutral pH conditions. Strong acidic conditions were required for the complete dissolution of these clusters. When the Bi precursor and H 2 NCN were homogeneously dissolved under strongly acidic conditions, and ammonia water was added, Bi 2 O 2 NCN was obtained with impurities. In contrast, when basic bismuth nitrate was undissolved, and ammonia water was added in the presence of H 2 NCN in an inhomogeneous system, basic bismuth nitrate clusters were rapidly converted to Bi 2 O 2 NCN with high crystallinity and purity. This method can be potentially applied to the preparation of various metal (oxy)carbodiimides by the liquid-phase process because of its simplicity, low cost, and low energy consumption. Graphical Abstract Highlights Bismuth oxycarbodiimide was prepared using bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and cyanamide as precursors. Bismuth oxycarbodiimide, which was obtained from a homogeneous solution in which the Bi precursor was completely dissolved, contained impurities. In an inhomogeneous system that contained dispersions of insoluble basic bismuth nitrate clusters, bismuth oxycarbodiimide was rapidly obtained via basification in the presence of cyanamide. 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Recently, it was reported that an analogous material of Bi 2 O 2 Ch , bismuth oxycarbodiimide (Bi 2 O 2 NCN), can be synthesized and used in photoelectrodes. Bi 2 O 2 NCN contains the carbodiimide ion (NCN 2− ), which is a well-known pseudochalcogenide ion, instead of a chalcogenide ion. However, the preparation of metal (oxy)carbodiimides, including Bi 2 O 2 NCN, is limited to a few methods such as solid-phase metathesis. In this study, a simple liquid-phase preparation method for Bi 2 O 2 NCN was developed. Bi(NO 3 ) 3 ·5H 2 O, which was used as the Bi precursor, formed insoluble basic bismuth nitrate clusters when reacted with water under neutral pH conditions. Strong acidic conditions were required for the complete dissolution of these clusters. When the Bi precursor and H 2 NCN were homogeneously dissolved under strongly acidic conditions, and ammonia water was added, Bi 2 O 2 NCN was obtained with impurities. In contrast, when basic bismuth nitrate was undissolved, and ammonia water was added in the presence of H 2 NCN in an inhomogeneous system, basic bismuth nitrate clusters were rapidly converted to Bi 2 O 2 NCN with high crystallinity and purity. This method can be potentially applied to the preparation of various metal (oxy)carbodiimides by the liquid-phase process because of its simplicity, low cost, and low energy consumption. Graphical Abstract Highlights Bismuth oxycarbodiimide was prepared using bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and cyanamide as precursors. Bismuth oxycarbodiimide, which was obtained from a homogeneous solution in which the Bi precursor was completely dissolved, contained impurities. In an inhomogeneous system that contained dispersions of insoluble basic bismuth nitrate clusters, bismuth oxycarbodiimide was rapidly obtained via basification in the presence of cyanamide. The bismuth oxycarbodiimide prepared via an inhomogeneous liquid-phase process showed high purity and crystallinity.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><doi>10.1007/s10971-023-06175-x</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0696-8082</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9548-9835</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6876-3854</orcidid></addata></record>
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subjects Ammonia
Basic converters
Bismuth
Carbodiimides
Carrier mobility
Ceramics
Chemistry and Materials Science
Clusters
Composites
Crystallinity
Energy consumption
Functional materials
Glass
hybrids and solution chemistries
Impurities
Inhomogeneous systems
Inorganic Chemistry
Liquid phases
Materials Science
Metathesis
Nanotechnology
Natural Materials
Nitrates
Optical and Electronic Materials
Original Paper: Sol-gel
Precursors
Purity
Solid phases
Structural stability
title Preparation of bismuth oxycarbodiimide Bi2O2NCN by a liquid-phase process
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