Dephosphorylation of Nitrate Reductase Protein Regulates Growth of Rice and Adaptability to Low Temperature
Nitrate reductase (NR) is an important enzyme for nitrate assimilation in plants, and its activity is regulated by post-translational phosphorylation. The change of nitrogen uptake affects the response of rice to low temperature and its growth. To investigate the effect of NIA1 protein dephosphoryla...
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| description | Nitrate reductase (NR) is an important enzyme for nitrate assimilation in plants, and its activity is regulated by post-translational phosphorylation. The change of nitrogen uptake affects the response of rice to low temperature and its growth. To investigate the effect of NIA1 protein dephosphorylation on the growth of rice and its adaptability to low temperature, we analyzed phenotype, chlorophyll content, nitrogen utilization, and antioxidant capacity at low temperature in lines with a mutated NIA1 phosphorylation site (
S532D
and
S532A
), an
OsNia1
over-expression line (
OE
), and wild-type Kitaake rice (WT). Plant height, dry matter weight, and chlorophyll content of
S532D
and
S532A
were lower than those of WT and
OE
under normal growth conditions but were higher than those of WT and
OE
at low temperature. Compared with WT and
OE
, the nitrite, H
2
O
2
, and MDA contents of
S532D
and
S532A
leaves were higher under normal growth conditions. The difference in leaf nitrite content between transgenic lines and WT was narrower at low temperature, especially in
S532D
and
S532A
, while H
2
O
2
and MDA contents of
S532D
and
S532A
leaves were lower than those in WT and
OE
leaves. The NH
4
+
-N and amino acid contents of
S532D
and
S532A
leaves were higher than those of WT and
OE
leaves under normal or low temperature. qRT-PCR results revealed that transcription levels of
OsNrt2.4
,
OsNia2
, and
OsNADH-GOGAT
were positively correlated with those of
OsNia1
, and the transcription levels of
OsNrt2.4
,
OsNia2
, and
OsNADH-GOGAT
were significantly higher in transgenic lines than in WT under both normal and low temperature. Phosphorylation of NR is a steady-state regulatory mechanism of nitrogen metabolism, and dephosphorylation of NIA1 protein improved NR activity and nitrogen utilization efficiency in rice. Excessive accumulation of nitrite under normal growth conditions inhibits the growth of rice; however, accumulation of nitrite is reduced at low temperature, enhancing the cold tolerance of rice. These results provide a new insight for improving cold tolerance of rice. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00344-023-10985-2 |
| format | Article |
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S532D
and
S532A
), an
OsNia1
over-expression line (
OE
), and wild-type Kitaake rice (WT). Plant height, dry matter weight, and chlorophyll content of
S532D
and
S532A
were lower than those of WT and
OE
under normal growth conditions but were higher than those of WT and
OE
at low temperature. Compared with WT and
OE
, the nitrite, H
2
O
2
, and MDA contents of
S532D
and
S532A
leaves were higher under normal growth conditions. The difference in leaf nitrite content between transgenic lines and WT was narrower at low temperature, especially in
S532D
and
S532A
, while H
2
O
2
and MDA contents of
S532D
and
S532A
leaves were lower than those in WT and
OE
leaves. The NH
4
+
-N and amino acid contents of
S532D
and
S532A
leaves were higher than those of WT and
OE
leaves under normal or low temperature. qRT-PCR results revealed that transcription levels of
OsNrt2.4
,
OsNia2
, and
OsNADH-GOGAT
were positively correlated with those of
OsNia1
, and the transcription levels of
OsNrt2.4
,
OsNia2
, and
OsNADH-GOGAT
were significantly higher in transgenic lines than in WT under both normal and low temperature. Phosphorylation of NR is a steady-state regulatory mechanism of nitrogen metabolism, and dephosphorylation of NIA1 protein improved NR activity and nitrogen utilization efficiency in rice. Excessive accumulation of nitrite under normal growth conditions inhibits the growth of rice; however, accumulation of nitrite is reduced at low temperature, enhancing the cold tolerance of rice. These results provide a new insight for improving cold tolerance of rice.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0721-7595</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1435-8107</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00344-023-10985-2</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Springer US</publisher><subject>Accumulation ; Adaptability ; Agriculture ; Amino acids ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Chlorophyll ; Cold tolerance ; Dephosphorylation ; Dry matter ; Growth conditions ; Hydrogen peroxide ; Leaves ; Life Sciences ; Low temperature ; Nitrate reductase ; Nitrates ; Nitrites ; Nitrogen ; Nitrogen metabolism ; Overexpression ; Phenotypes ; Phosphorylation ; Plant Anatomy/Development ; Plant Physiology ; Plant Sciences ; Post-translation ; Protein turnover ; Proteins ; Reductases ; Regulatory mechanisms (biology) ; Rice ; State regulations ; Temperature tolerance</subject><ispartof>Journal of plant growth regulation, 2023-11, Vol.42 (11), p.6920-6932</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c314t-723735d5769dca8a6ed8baa530e752516dac3e07e935ec9d22930e80df48af8e3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-8927-0976</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00344-023-10985-2$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00344-023-10985-2$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,27929,27930,41493,42562,51324</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Han, RuiCai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, YuPeng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, ChenYan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, ZiMing</creatorcontrib><title>Dephosphorylation of Nitrate Reductase Protein Regulates Growth of Rice and Adaptability to Low Temperature</title><title>Journal of plant growth regulation</title><addtitle>J Plant Growth Regul</addtitle><description>Nitrate reductase (NR) is an important enzyme for nitrate assimilation in plants, and its activity is regulated by post-translational phosphorylation. The change of nitrogen uptake affects the response of rice to low temperature and its growth. To investigate the effect of NIA1 protein dephosphorylation on the growth of rice and its adaptability to low temperature, we analyzed phenotype, chlorophyll content, nitrogen utilization, and antioxidant capacity at low temperature in lines with a mutated NIA1 phosphorylation site (
S532D
and
S532A
), an
OsNia1
over-expression line (
OE
), and wild-type Kitaake rice (WT). Plant height, dry matter weight, and chlorophyll content of
S532D
and
S532A
were lower than those of WT and
OE
under normal growth conditions but were higher than those of WT and
OE
at low temperature. Compared with WT and
OE
, the nitrite, H
2
O
2
, and MDA contents of
S532D
and
S532A
leaves were higher under normal growth conditions. The difference in leaf nitrite content between transgenic lines and WT was narrower at low temperature, especially in
S532D
and
S532A
, while H
2
O
2
and MDA contents of
S532D
and
S532A
leaves were lower than those in WT and
OE
leaves. The NH
4
+
-N and amino acid contents of
S532D
and
S532A
leaves were higher than those of WT and
OE
leaves under normal or low temperature. qRT-PCR results revealed that transcription levels of
OsNrt2.4
,
OsNia2
, and
OsNADH-GOGAT
were positively correlated with those of
OsNia1
, and the transcription levels of
OsNrt2.4
,
OsNia2
, and
OsNADH-GOGAT
were significantly higher in transgenic lines than in WT under both normal and low temperature. Phosphorylation of NR is a steady-state regulatory mechanism of nitrogen metabolism, and dephosphorylation of NIA1 protein improved NR activity and nitrogen utilization efficiency in rice. Excessive accumulation of nitrite under normal growth conditions inhibits the growth of rice; however, accumulation of nitrite is reduced at low temperature, enhancing the cold tolerance of rice. These results provide a new insight for improving cold tolerance of rice.</description><subject>Accumulation</subject><subject>Adaptability</subject><subject>Agriculture</subject><subject>Amino acids</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Chlorophyll</subject><subject>Cold tolerance</subject><subject>Dephosphorylation</subject><subject>Dry matter</subject><subject>Growth conditions</subject><subject>Hydrogen peroxide</subject><subject>Leaves</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Low temperature</subject><subject>Nitrate reductase</subject><subject>Nitrates</subject><subject>Nitrites</subject><subject>Nitrogen</subject><subject>Nitrogen metabolism</subject><subject>Overexpression</subject><subject>Phenotypes</subject><subject>Phosphorylation</subject><subject>Plant Anatomy/Development</subject><subject>Plant Physiology</subject><subject>Plant Sciences</subject><subject>Post-translation</subject><subject>Protein turnover</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Reductases</subject><subject>Regulatory mechanisms (biology)</subject><subject>Rice</subject><subject>State regulations</subject><subject>Temperature tolerance</subject><issn>0721-7595</issn><issn>1435-8107</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kE1LAzEQhoMoWKt_wFPAczQfmyZ7LH5UoaiUeg7pZrbd2m7WJEvpvze1gjcPwzAzz_sOvAhdM3rLKFV3kVJRFIRyQRgttST8BA1YISTRjKpTNKCKM6JkKc_RRYxrSlke1AB9PkC38jFX2G9sanyLfY1fmxRsAjwD11fJRsDvwSdo2rxZ9pmDiCfB79LqQM-aCrBtHR472yW7aDZN2uPk8dTv8By2HWSzPsAlOqvtJsLVbx-ij6fH-f0zmb5NXu7HU1IJViSiuFBCOqlGpaustiNwemGtFBSU5JKNnK0EUAWlkFCVjvMynzR1daFtrUEM0c3Rtwv-q4eYzNr3oc0vDdeqLKRWlGWKH6kq-BgD1KYLzdaGvWHUHEI1x1BNDtX8hGp4FomjKGa4XUL4s_5H9Q1IVntl</recordid><startdate>20231101</startdate><enddate>20231101</enddate><creator>Han, RuiCai</creator><creator>Wang, YuPeng</creator><creator>Li, ChenYan</creator><creator>Wu, ZiMing</creator><general>Springer US</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8927-0976</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20231101</creationdate><title>Dephosphorylation of Nitrate Reductase Protein Regulates Growth of Rice and Adaptability to Low Temperature</title><author>Han, RuiCai ; Wang, YuPeng ; Li, ChenYan ; Wu, ZiMing</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c314t-723735d5769dca8a6ed8baa530e752516dac3e07e935ec9d22930e80df48af8e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Accumulation</topic><topic>Adaptability</topic><topic>Agriculture</topic><topic>Amino acids</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Chlorophyll</topic><topic>Cold tolerance</topic><topic>Dephosphorylation</topic><topic>Dry matter</topic><topic>Growth conditions</topic><topic>Hydrogen peroxide</topic><topic>Leaves</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Low temperature</topic><topic>Nitrate reductase</topic><topic>Nitrates</topic><topic>Nitrites</topic><topic>Nitrogen</topic><topic>Nitrogen metabolism</topic><topic>Overexpression</topic><topic>Phenotypes</topic><topic>Phosphorylation</topic><topic>Plant Anatomy/Development</topic><topic>Plant Physiology</topic><topic>Plant Sciences</topic><topic>Post-translation</topic><topic>Protein turnover</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Reductases</topic><topic>Regulatory mechanisms (biology)</topic><topic>Rice</topic><topic>State regulations</topic><topic>Temperature tolerance</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Han, RuiCai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, YuPeng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, ChenYan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, ZiMing</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><jtitle>Journal of plant growth regulation</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Han, RuiCai</au><au>Wang, YuPeng</au><au>Li, ChenYan</au><au>Wu, ZiMing</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Dephosphorylation of Nitrate Reductase Protein Regulates Growth of Rice and Adaptability to Low Temperature</atitle><jtitle>Journal of plant growth regulation</jtitle><stitle>J Plant Growth Regul</stitle><date>2023-11-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>42</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>6920</spage><epage>6932</epage><pages>6920-6932</pages><issn>0721-7595</issn><eissn>1435-8107</eissn><abstract>Nitrate reductase (NR) is an important enzyme for nitrate assimilation in plants, and its activity is regulated by post-translational phosphorylation. The change of nitrogen uptake affects the response of rice to low temperature and its growth. To investigate the effect of NIA1 protein dephosphorylation on the growth of rice and its adaptability to low temperature, we analyzed phenotype, chlorophyll content, nitrogen utilization, and antioxidant capacity at low temperature in lines with a mutated NIA1 phosphorylation site (
S532D
and
S532A
), an
OsNia1
over-expression line (
OE
), and wild-type Kitaake rice (WT). Plant height, dry matter weight, and chlorophyll content of
S532D
and
S532A
were lower than those of WT and
OE
under normal growth conditions but were higher than those of WT and
OE
at low temperature. Compared with WT and
OE
, the nitrite, H
2
O
2
, and MDA contents of
S532D
and
S532A
leaves were higher under normal growth conditions. The difference in leaf nitrite content between transgenic lines and WT was narrower at low temperature, especially in
S532D
and
S532A
, while H
2
O
2
and MDA contents of
S532D
and
S532A
leaves were lower than those in WT and
OE
leaves. The NH
4
+
-N and amino acid contents of
S532D
and
S532A
leaves were higher than those of WT and
OE
leaves under normal or low temperature. qRT-PCR results revealed that transcription levels of
OsNrt2.4
,
OsNia2
, and
OsNADH-GOGAT
were positively correlated with those of
OsNia1
, and the transcription levels of
OsNrt2.4
,
OsNia2
, and
OsNADH-GOGAT
were significantly higher in transgenic lines than in WT under both normal and low temperature. Phosphorylation of NR is a steady-state regulatory mechanism of nitrogen metabolism, and dephosphorylation of NIA1 protein improved NR activity and nitrogen utilization efficiency in rice. Excessive accumulation of nitrite under normal growth conditions inhibits the growth of rice; however, accumulation of nitrite is reduced at low temperature, enhancing the cold tolerance of rice. These results provide a new insight for improving cold tolerance of rice.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><doi>10.1007/s00344-023-10985-2</doi><tpages>13</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8927-0976</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | SpringerNature Journals |
| subjects | Accumulation Adaptability Agriculture Amino acids Biomedical and Life Sciences Chlorophyll Cold tolerance Dephosphorylation Dry matter Growth conditions Hydrogen peroxide Leaves Life Sciences Low temperature Nitrate reductase Nitrates Nitrites Nitrogen Nitrogen metabolism Overexpression Phenotypes Phosphorylation Plant Anatomy/Development Plant Physiology Plant Sciences Post-translation Protein turnover Proteins Reductases Regulatory mechanisms (biology) Rice State regulations Temperature tolerance |
| title | Dephosphorylation of Nitrate Reductase Protein Regulates Growth of Rice and Adaptability to Low Temperature |
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