Cryogenic design of a superconducting magnet with a copper cable-in-conduit conductor filled with static superfluid helium
In the field of dark matter research, the MAgnetized Disk and Mirror Axion eXperiment (MADMAX) aims for the direct search of axions in a mass range around 100μeV. To have enough sensitivity on this range a dipole composed of 18 coils must reach a figure of merit of 100 T \mathbf {^{2}} m\mathbf {^{2...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity 2023-10, Vol.33 (7), p.1-12 |
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| creator | Pontarollo, T. Maksoud, W. Abdel Berriaud, C. Correia-Machado, R. Donga, T. Drouen, Y. Duranona, U. Godon, P. Godon, R. Jurie, S. Lorin, C. Scola, L. Segrestan, L. Solenne, N. Stacchi, F. |
| description | In the field of dark matter research, the MAgnetized Disk and Mirror Axion eXperiment (MADMAX) aims for the direct search of axions in a mass range around 100μeV. To have enough sensitivity on this range a dipole composed of 18 coils must reach a figure of merit of 100 T \mathbf {^{2}} m\mathbf {^{2}}. For this purpose, the use of a cable-in-conduit conductor (CICC) with a copper profile filled with static superfluid helium is under investigation. In order to prove the reliability of such a conductor in this magnet design as well as characterizing the quench propagation, a magnet solenoid mockup is tested within the JT60SA Cold Test Facility (CTF). To reproduce the thermal configuration of a MADMAX coil, the solenoid mockup is cooled down at 1.8 K directly through the void section of the CICC by pressurised superfluid helium and the mandrel, by conduction, without being immersed in a helium bath. The long distance to the heat exchanger coupled with the narrow helium section in the CICC limits the Gorter-Mellink heat transport, thus the cool down efficiency and heat losses must be tackled. This paper describes the thermal design of the experimental facility, the explanation of a thermal model for superfluid helium cool down and operation and the first experimental results. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/TASC.2023.3309152 |
| format | Article |
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Abdel ; Berriaud, C. ; Correia-Machado, R. ; Donga, T. ; Drouen, Y. ; Duranona, U. ; Godon, P. ; Godon, R. ; Jurie, S. ; Lorin, C. ; Scola, L. ; Segrestan, L. ; Solenne, N. ; Stacchi, F.</creator><creatorcontrib>Pontarollo, T. ; Maksoud, W. Abdel ; Berriaud, C. ; Correia-Machado, R. ; Donga, T. ; Drouen, Y. ; Duranona, U. ; Godon, P. ; Godon, R. ; Jurie, S. ; Lorin, C. ; Scola, L. ; Segrestan, L. ; Solenne, N. ; Stacchi, F.</creatorcontrib><description><![CDATA[In the field of dark matter research, the MAgnetized Disk and Mirror Axion eXperiment (MADMAX) aims for the direct search of axions in a mass range around 100μeV. To have enough sensitivity on this range a dipole composed of 18 coils must reach a figure of merit of 100 T <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">\mathbf {^{2}}</tex-math></inline-formula> m<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">\mathbf {^{2}}</tex-math></inline-formula>. For this purpose, the use of a cable-in-conduit conductor (CICC) with a copper profile filled with static superfluid helium is under investigation. In order to prove the reliability of such a conductor in this magnet design as well as characterizing the quench propagation, a magnet solenoid mockup is tested within the JT60SA Cold Test Facility (CTF). To reproduce the thermal configuration of a MADMAX coil, the solenoid mockup is cooled down at 1.8 K directly through the void section of the CICC by pressurised superfluid helium and the mandrel, by conduction, without being immersed in a helium bath. The long distance to the heat exchanger coupled with the narrow helium section in the CICC limits the Gorter-Mellink heat transport, thus the cool down efficiency and heat losses must be tackled. This paper describes the thermal design of the experimental facility, the explanation of a thermal model for superfluid helium cool down and operation and the first experimental results.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 1051-8223</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1558-2515</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2023.3309152</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ITASE9</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: IEEE</publisher><subject>Axion ; CICC ; Coils ; Conductors ; Copper ; Dark matter ; Dipoles ; Figure of merit ; Fluids ; Gorter-Mellink ; Heat exchangers ; Heating systems ; Helium ; Liquid helium ; Magnetic noise ; Magnetic shielding ; Mockups ; Nb-Ti ; Solenoids ; Superconducting magnets ; superfluid ; Superfluidity ; Test facilities ; Thermal analysis ; Thermal design</subject><ispartof>IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity, 2023-10, Vol.33 (7), p.1-12</ispartof><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2023</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c294t-40ca602d7fc581bdced23a02a49e82f6ea29a23d2e0192961556c7fb968948303</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c294t-40ca602d7fc581bdced23a02a49e82f6ea29a23d2e0192961556c7fb968948303</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0256-4331 ; 0000-0003-1306-5682 ; 0000-0001-5286-6875 ; 0009-0002-6538-671X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10232872$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,796,27923,27924,54757</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10232872$$EView_record_in_IEEE$$FView_record_in_$$GIEEE</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Pontarollo, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maksoud, W. Abdel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Berriaud, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Correia-Machado, R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Donga, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Drouen, Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duranona, U.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Godon, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Godon, R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jurie, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lorin, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scola, L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Segrestan, L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Solenne, N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stacchi, F.</creatorcontrib><title>Cryogenic design of a superconducting magnet with a copper cable-in-conduit conductor filled with static superfluid helium</title><title>IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity</title><addtitle>TASC</addtitle><description><![CDATA[In the field of dark matter research, the MAgnetized Disk and Mirror Axion eXperiment (MADMAX) aims for the direct search of axions in a mass range around 100μeV. To have enough sensitivity on this range a dipole composed of 18 coils must reach a figure of merit of 100 T <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">\mathbf {^{2}}</tex-math></inline-formula> m<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">\mathbf {^{2}}</tex-math></inline-formula>. For this purpose, the use of a cable-in-conduit conductor (CICC) with a copper profile filled with static superfluid helium is under investigation. In order to prove the reliability of such a conductor in this magnet design as well as characterizing the quench propagation, a magnet solenoid mockup is tested within the JT60SA Cold Test Facility (CTF). To reproduce the thermal configuration of a MADMAX coil, the solenoid mockup is cooled down at 1.8 K directly through the void section of the CICC by pressurised superfluid helium and the mandrel, by conduction, without being immersed in a helium bath. The long distance to the heat exchanger coupled with the narrow helium section in the CICC limits the Gorter-Mellink heat transport, thus the cool down efficiency and heat losses must be tackled. This paper describes the thermal design of the experimental facility, the explanation of a thermal model for superfluid helium cool down and operation and the first experimental results.]]></description><subject>Axion</subject><subject>CICC</subject><subject>Coils</subject><subject>Conductors</subject><subject>Copper</subject><subject>Dark matter</subject><subject>Dipoles</subject><subject>Figure of merit</subject><subject>Fluids</subject><subject>Gorter-Mellink</subject><subject>Heat exchangers</subject><subject>Heating systems</subject><subject>Helium</subject><subject>Liquid helium</subject><subject>Magnetic noise</subject><subject>Magnetic shielding</subject><subject>Mockups</subject><subject>Nb-Ti</subject><subject>Solenoids</subject><subject>Superconducting magnets</subject><subject>superfluid</subject><subject>Superfluidity</subject><subject>Test facilities</subject><subject>Thermal analysis</subject><subject>Thermal design</subject><issn>1051-8223</issn><issn>1558-2515</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><recordid>eNpNkM9LwzAUx4MoOKd_gOAh4LkzeWm65DiGv2DgwXkuWfraZXRtTVpk_vVm6w6e3oPvj8f7EHLP2Yxzpp_Wi8_lDBiImRBMcwkXZMKlVAlILi_jziRPFIC4Jjch7BjjqUrlhPwu_aGtsHGWFhhc1dC2pIaGoUNv26YYbO-aiu5N1WBPf1y_japtuyhTazY1Jq5JTkbX03Og9bR0dY3F6A-96WP9qbKsB1fQLdZu2N-Sq9LUAe_Oc0q-Xp7Xy7dk9fH6vlysEgs67ZOUWZMxKOallYpvCosFCMPApBoVlBka0AZEAci4Bp3FrzM7Lzc6UzpVgokpeRx7O99-Dxj6fNcOvoknc1CZFkKnkcuU8NFlfRuCxzLvvNsbf8g5y4-I8yPi_Ig4PyOOmYcx4xDxnx8EqDmIPxN1eYQ</recordid><startdate>20231001</startdate><enddate>20231001</enddate><creator>Pontarollo, T.</creator><creator>Maksoud, W. 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(IEEE)</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0256-4331</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1306-5682</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5286-6875</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6538-671X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20231001</creationdate><title>Cryogenic design of a superconducting magnet with a copper cable-in-conduit conductor filled with static superfluid helium</title><author>Pontarollo, T. ; Maksoud, W. Abdel ; Berriaud, C. ; Correia-Machado, R. ; Donga, T. ; Drouen, Y. ; Duranona, U. ; Godon, P. ; Godon, R. ; Jurie, S. ; Lorin, C. ; Scola, L. ; Segrestan, L. ; Solenne, N. ; Stacchi, F.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c294t-40ca602d7fc581bdced23a02a49e82f6ea29a23d2e0192961556c7fb968948303</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Axion</topic><topic>CICC</topic><topic>Coils</topic><topic>Conductors</topic><topic>Copper</topic><topic>Dark matter</topic><topic>Dipoles</topic><topic>Figure of merit</topic><topic>Fluids</topic><topic>Gorter-Mellink</topic><topic>Heat exchangers</topic><topic>Heating systems</topic><topic>Helium</topic><topic>Liquid helium</topic><topic>Magnetic noise</topic><topic>Magnetic shielding</topic><topic>Mockups</topic><topic>Nb-Ti</topic><topic>Solenoids</topic><topic>Superconducting magnets</topic><topic>superfluid</topic><topic>Superfluidity</topic><topic>Test facilities</topic><topic>Thermal analysis</topic><topic>Thermal design</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Pontarollo, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maksoud, W. 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Abdel</au><au>Berriaud, C.</au><au>Correia-Machado, R.</au><au>Donga, T.</au><au>Drouen, Y.</au><au>Duranona, U.</au><au>Godon, P.</au><au>Godon, R.</au><au>Jurie, S.</au><au>Lorin, C.</au><au>Scola, L.</au><au>Segrestan, L.</au><au>Solenne, N.</au><au>Stacchi, F.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Cryogenic design of a superconducting magnet with a copper cable-in-conduit conductor filled with static superfluid helium</atitle><jtitle>IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity</jtitle><stitle>TASC</stitle><date>2023-10-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>33</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>1</spage><epage>12</epage><pages>1-12</pages><issn>1051-8223</issn><eissn>1558-2515</eissn><coden>ITASE9</coden><abstract><![CDATA[In the field of dark matter research, the MAgnetized Disk and Mirror Axion eXperiment (MADMAX) aims for the direct search of axions in a mass range around 100μeV. To have enough sensitivity on this range a dipole composed of 18 coils must reach a figure of merit of 100 T <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">\mathbf {^{2}}</tex-math></inline-formula> m<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">\mathbf {^{2}}</tex-math></inline-formula>. For this purpose, the use of a cable-in-conduit conductor (CICC) with a copper profile filled with static superfluid helium is under investigation. In order to prove the reliability of such a conductor in this magnet design as well as characterizing the quench propagation, a magnet solenoid mockup is tested within the JT60SA Cold Test Facility (CTF). To reproduce the thermal configuration of a MADMAX coil, the solenoid mockup is cooled down at 1.8 K directly through the void section of the CICC by pressurised superfluid helium and the mandrel, by conduction, without being immersed in a helium bath. The long distance to the heat exchanger coupled with the narrow helium section in the CICC limits the Gorter-Mellink heat transport, thus the cool down efficiency and heat losses must be tackled. This paper describes the thermal design of the experimental facility, the explanation of a thermal model for superfluid helium cool down and operation and the first experimental results.]]></abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/TASC.2023.3309152</doi><tpages>12</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0256-4331</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1306-5682</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5286-6875</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6538-671X</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| issn | 1051-8223 1558-2515 |
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| subjects | Axion CICC Coils Conductors Copper Dark matter Dipoles Figure of merit Fluids Gorter-Mellink Heat exchangers Heating systems Helium Liquid helium Magnetic noise Magnetic shielding Mockups Nb-Ti Solenoids Superconducting magnets superfluid Superfluidity Test facilities Thermal analysis Thermal design |
| title | Cryogenic design of a superconducting magnet with a copper cable-in-conduit conductor filled with static superfluid helium |
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