Impact of Biochar on Fusarium Wilt of Cotton and the Dynamics of Soil Microbial Community
The effects of biochar on leaf and soil-borne diseases of plants can be seen in addition to its ability to sequester carbon, improve soil quality, and enhance plant performance. However, the mechanisms by which soil-borne pathogens are suppressed and plant performance is enhanced are not well unders...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Sustainability 2023-09, Vol.15 (17), p.12936 |
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| creator | Asif, Mamoona Haider, Muhammad Saleem Akhter, Adnan |
| description | The effects of biochar on leaf and soil-borne diseases of plants can be seen in addition to its ability to sequester carbon, improve soil quality, and enhance plant performance. However, the mechanisms by which soil-borne pathogens are suppressed and plant performance is enhanced are not well understood. The present work aims to comprehensively establish the links between biochar-induced changes in the richness of the rhizosphere microbial population, in association with the reduction of soil-borne Fusarium wilt disease (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum), in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), with improved plant performance. Biochar made from organic waste significantly decreased the colonization and survival of Fusarium in soil, raised the culture-able counts of numerous microbes with biocontrol potential (microorganisms that boost plant growth and development), and inhibited Fusarium wilt of cotton. The biochar amendment significantly enhanced the cotton plant development and physiological parameters such as chlorophyll content, etc. Overall, 9% organic waste biochar had shown a significant impact on cotton growth as compared to other treatments with or without biochar. Compared to the soil-only control, the disease index was considerably reduced in all biochar-amended treatments. In terms of the plant’s resistance to Fusarium wilt, biochar-induced increases in the level of overall chlorophyll content and biochemicals such as phenolics, flavonoids, etc. Additionally, cotton plants grown with a 9% biochar composition had considerably greater NPK levels than other treatments with or without biochar. The biochar addition resulted in increased counts of Pseudomonas spp., Actinomycetes spp., and Trichoderma spp., while Acidobacteriales, Rhodospirillales, and Frankiales were less when compared with an un-amended (without biochar) soil control. Thus, the composition of rhizosphere bacteria in the treatments with and without modified biochar was found to differ significantly. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/su151712936 |
| format | Article |
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However, the mechanisms by which soil-borne pathogens are suppressed and plant performance is enhanced are not well understood. The present work aims to comprehensively establish the links between biochar-induced changes in the richness of the rhizosphere microbial population, in association with the reduction of soil-borne Fusarium wilt disease (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum), in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), with improved plant performance. Biochar made from organic waste significantly decreased the colonization and survival of Fusarium in soil, raised the culture-able counts of numerous microbes with biocontrol potential (microorganisms that boost plant growth and development), and inhibited Fusarium wilt of cotton. The biochar amendment significantly enhanced the cotton plant development and physiological parameters such as chlorophyll content, etc. Overall, 9% organic waste biochar had shown a significant impact on cotton growth as compared to other treatments with or without biochar. Compared to the soil-only control, the disease index was considerably reduced in all biochar-amended treatments. In terms of the plant’s resistance to Fusarium wilt, biochar-induced increases in the level of overall chlorophyll content and biochemicals such as phenolics, flavonoids, etc. Additionally, cotton plants grown with a 9% biochar composition had considerably greater NPK levels than other treatments with or without biochar. The biochar addition resulted in increased counts of Pseudomonas spp., Actinomycetes spp., and Trichoderma spp., while Acidobacteriales, Rhodospirillales, and Frankiales were less when compared with an un-amended (without biochar) soil control. Thus, the composition of rhizosphere bacteria in the treatments with and without modified biochar was found to differ significantly.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2071-1050</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2071-1050</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/su151712936</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Agricultural production ; Alternative energy sources ; Biological control ; Biomass ; Carbon content ; Carbon dioxide ; Chlorophyll ; Cotton ; Crop diseases ; Emissions ; Fossil fuels ; Fungi ; Loam soils ; Pests ; Physiological aspects ; Plant diseases ; Raw materials ; Soil microbiology ; Soils</subject><ispartof>Sustainability, 2023-09, Vol.15 (17), p.12936</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. 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| subjects | Agricultural production Alternative energy sources Biological control Biomass Carbon content Carbon dioxide Chlorophyll Cotton Crop diseases Emissions Fossil fuels Fungi Loam soils Pests Physiological aspects Plant diseases Raw materials Soil microbiology Soils |
| title | Impact of Biochar on Fusarium Wilt of Cotton and the Dynamics of Soil Microbial Community |
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