Distribution of hydrophobic organic contaminants in marine sediment fines—An alternative normalization strategy?
The necessary normalization of contaminant concentrations, in order to be able to compare contaminant content in sediments with different sediment properties, is currently not standardized within environmental monitoring and assessment programs. Therefore, this study investigates an alternative norm...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Integrated environmental assessment and management 2023-09, Vol.19 (5), p.1348-1360 |
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| description | The necessary normalization of contaminant concentrations, in order to be able to compare contaminant content in sediments with different sediment properties, is currently not standardized within environmental monitoring and assessment programs. Therefore, this study investigates an alternative normalization strategy for hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) by removing the coarse and chemically inert sediment fraction using an improved, half‐automated wet‐sieving method. We compare the results to commonly used TOC normalization (2.5% total organic carbon [TOC], OSPAR). Simultaneously, the study provides a comprehensive overview of HOC concentrations in sediment fines (LOD were detected in sediment fines, leading to more informative data sets. In contrast to the commonly used normalization to 2.5% TOC, the statistical analyses carried out (principal component analysis with subsequent cluster analysis) additionally indicate that physical normalization allows better differentiation of sampling sites by contaminant sources and geographic location rather than their sediment characteristics. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:1348–1360. © 2023 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
Key Points
Spatial distributions of organic hydrophobic contaminant concentrations in sediment fines ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/ieam.4744 |
| format | Article |
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Key Points
Spatial distributions of organic hydrophobic contaminant concentrations in sediment fines (<63 µm) for the German Exclusive Economic Zone are provided.
Total organic carbon (TOC) (2.5%) normalized bulk sediment concentrations (OSPAR/ICES) and concentrations in sediment fines (physical normalization) are comparable.
Statistical analyses indicate that physical normalization allows better differentiation of sampling sites by contaminant sources and geographic location rather than their sediment characteristics compared to TOC normalization.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1551-3777</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1551-3793</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4744</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36688303</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Aromatic compounds ; Aromatic hydrocarbons ; Bioavailability ; Chlorine compounds ; Cluster analysis ; Contaminants ; Detection limits ; Economics ; Environmental assessment ; Environmental Impact Assessment ; Environmental management ; Environmental monitoring ; Exclusive economic zone ; Exclusive economic zones ; Geographical locations ; Hydrophobicity ; Integrated environmental assessment ; Marine pollution ; Marine sediments ; Normalization of sediment data ; Normalizing (statistics) ; North Sea sediments ; Organic carbon ; Organic compounds ; Organic contaminants ; Organochlorine pesticides ; PCB ; Pesticides ; Polychlorinated biphenyls ; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ; Principal components analysis ; Sample preparation ; Sediment ; Sediment samplers ; Sediment samples ; Sediment sieving ; Sediments ; Soil properties ; Statistical analysis ; Statistical methods ; Total organic carbon ; Toxicology</subject><ispartof>Integrated environmental assessment and management, 2023-09, Vol.19 (5), p.1348-1360</ispartof><rights>2023 The Authors. published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC)</rights><rights>2023 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).</rights><rights>2023. This article is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3484-4d62738bae0452fc04e98596cd44b9bd6f0b5aafbab032d0f2082fef16d1e7a43</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-5787-0435</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fieam.4744$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fieam.4744$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27923,27924,45573,45574</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36688303$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Logemann, Anna E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Röhrs, Steffen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brockmeyer, Berit</creatorcontrib><title>Distribution of hydrophobic organic contaminants in marine sediment fines—An alternative normalization strategy?</title><title>Integrated environmental assessment and management</title><addtitle>Integr Environ Assess Manag</addtitle><description>The necessary normalization of contaminant concentrations, in order to be able to compare contaminant content in sediments with different sediment properties, is currently not standardized within environmental monitoring and assessment programs. Therefore, this study investigates an alternative normalization strategy for hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) by removing the coarse and chemically inert sediment fraction using an improved, half‐automated wet‐sieving method. We compare the results to commonly used TOC normalization (2.5% total organic carbon [TOC], OSPAR). Simultaneously, the study provides a comprehensive overview of HOC concentrations in sediment fines (<63 µm) for the German Exclusive Economic Zone and therefore gathers information about the more bioavailable and mobile part of the sediment that particularly accumulates HOCs due to its high surface area. We analyzed bulk sediment samples and their corresponding fine grain fractions from 25 stations in the German Exclusive Economic Zone for 41 HOCs including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, and organochlorine pesticides. The results indicate that the wet‐sieving procedure is capable of physically normalizing the concentrations of the investigated HOCs and is useful for the comparison of concentrations in different sediment types. The wet‐sieving procedure is more time consuming than the normalization to the TOC content. However, it offers the possibility of lowering the detection limits (LODs) through the analytical sample preparation procedure used, as sieving concentrates the contaminants. Therefore, a higher number of results >LOD were detected in sediment fines, leading to more informative data sets. In contrast to the commonly used normalization to 2.5% TOC, the statistical analyses carried out (principal component analysis with subsequent cluster analysis) additionally indicate that physical normalization allows better differentiation of sampling sites by contaminant sources and geographic location rather than their sediment characteristics. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:1348–1360. © 2023 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
Key Points
Spatial distributions of organic hydrophobic contaminant concentrations in sediment fines (<63 µm) for the German Exclusive Economic Zone are provided.
Total organic carbon (TOC) (2.5%) normalized bulk sediment concentrations (OSPAR/ICES) and concentrations in sediment fines (physical normalization) are comparable.
Statistical analyses indicate that physical normalization allows better differentiation of sampling sites by contaminant sources and geographic location rather than their sediment characteristics compared to TOC normalization.</description><subject>Aromatic compounds</subject><subject>Aromatic hydrocarbons</subject><subject>Bioavailability</subject><subject>Chlorine compounds</subject><subject>Cluster analysis</subject><subject>Contaminants</subject><subject>Detection limits</subject><subject>Economics</subject><subject>Environmental assessment</subject><subject>Environmental Impact Assessment</subject><subject>Environmental management</subject><subject>Environmental monitoring</subject><subject>Exclusive economic zone</subject><subject>Exclusive economic zones</subject><subject>Geographical locations</subject><subject>Hydrophobicity</subject><subject>Integrated environmental assessment</subject><subject>Marine pollution</subject><subject>Marine sediments</subject><subject>Normalization of sediment data</subject><subject>Normalizing (statistics)</subject><subject>North Sea sediments</subject><subject>Organic carbon</subject><subject>Organic compounds</subject><subject>Organic contaminants</subject><subject>Organochlorine pesticides</subject><subject>PCB</subject><subject>Pesticides</subject><subject>Polychlorinated biphenyls</subject><subject>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons</subject><subject>Principal components analysis</subject><subject>Sample preparation</subject><subject>Sediment</subject><subject>Sediment samplers</subject><subject>Sediment samples</subject><subject>Sediment sieving</subject><subject>Sediments</subject><subject>Soil properties</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Statistical methods</subject><subject>Total organic carbon</subject><subject>Toxicology</subject><issn>1551-3777</issn><issn>1551-3793</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>WIN</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kL9OwzAQhy0EoqUw8ALIEhNDW8d2EmdCVSlQqYgF5shO7NZVYhfbAZWJh-AJeRLSP3Rjujvp03d3PwAuIzSIEMJDLXk9oCmlR6AbxXHUJ2lGjg99mnbAmfdLhCjBBJ-CDkkSxggiXeDutA9OiyZoa6BVcLEunV0trNAFtG7OTVsLawKvteEmeKgNrLnTRkIvS11LE6BqJ__z9T0ykFdBOsODfpfQWFfzSn_yrbtdw4Ocr2_PwYnilZcX-9oDr_eTl_Fjf_b8MB2PZv2CUEb7tExwSpjgEtEYqwJRmbE4S4qSUpGJMlFIxJwrwQUiuEQKI4aVVFFSRjLllPTA9c67cvatkT7kS9u0t1U-xyxmEWIpTlrqZkcVznrvpMpXTrcPrvMI5Zt08026-Sbdlr3aGxtRy_JA_sXZAsMd8KEruf7flE8no6et8heIuohM</recordid><startdate>202309</startdate><enddate>202309</enddate><creator>Logemann, Anna E.</creator><creator>Röhrs, Steffen</creator><creator>Brockmeyer, Berit</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>WIN</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>SOI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5787-0435</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202309</creationdate><title>Distribution of hydrophobic organic contaminants in marine sediment fines—An alternative normalization strategy?</title><author>Logemann, Anna E. ; Röhrs, Steffen ; Brockmeyer, Berit</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3484-4d62738bae0452fc04e98596cd44b9bd6f0b5aafbab032d0f2082fef16d1e7a43</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Aromatic compounds</topic><topic>Aromatic hydrocarbons</topic><topic>Bioavailability</topic><topic>Chlorine compounds</topic><topic>Cluster analysis</topic><topic>Contaminants</topic><topic>Detection limits</topic><topic>Economics</topic><topic>Environmental assessment</topic><topic>Environmental Impact Assessment</topic><topic>Environmental management</topic><topic>Environmental monitoring</topic><topic>Exclusive economic zone</topic><topic>Exclusive economic zones</topic><topic>Geographical locations</topic><topic>Hydrophobicity</topic><topic>Integrated environmental assessment</topic><topic>Marine pollution</topic><topic>Marine sediments</topic><topic>Normalization of sediment data</topic><topic>Normalizing (statistics)</topic><topic>North Sea sediments</topic><topic>Organic carbon</topic><topic>Organic compounds</topic><topic>Organic contaminants</topic><topic>Organochlorine pesticides</topic><topic>PCB</topic><topic>Pesticides</topic><topic>Polychlorinated biphenyls</topic><topic>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons</topic><topic>Principal components analysis</topic><topic>Sample preparation</topic><topic>Sediment</topic><topic>Sediment samplers</topic><topic>Sediment samples</topic><topic>Sediment sieving</topic><topic>Sediments</topic><topic>Soil properties</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><topic>Statistical methods</topic><topic>Total organic carbon</topic><topic>Toxicology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Logemann, Anna E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Röhrs, Steffen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brockmeyer, Berit</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley-Blackwell Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Wiley Free Content</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Integrated environmental assessment and management</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Logemann, Anna E.</au><au>Röhrs, Steffen</au><au>Brockmeyer, Berit</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Distribution of hydrophobic organic contaminants in marine sediment fines—An alternative normalization strategy?</atitle><jtitle>Integrated environmental assessment and management</jtitle><addtitle>Integr Environ Assess Manag</addtitle><date>2023-09</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>19</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1348</spage><epage>1360</epage><pages>1348-1360</pages><issn>1551-3777</issn><eissn>1551-3793</eissn><abstract>The necessary normalization of contaminant concentrations, in order to be able to compare contaminant content in sediments with different sediment properties, is currently not standardized within environmental monitoring and assessment programs. Therefore, this study investigates an alternative normalization strategy for hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) by removing the coarse and chemically inert sediment fraction using an improved, half‐automated wet‐sieving method. We compare the results to commonly used TOC normalization (2.5% total organic carbon [TOC], OSPAR). Simultaneously, the study provides a comprehensive overview of HOC concentrations in sediment fines (<63 µm) for the German Exclusive Economic Zone and therefore gathers information about the more bioavailable and mobile part of the sediment that particularly accumulates HOCs due to its high surface area. We analyzed bulk sediment samples and their corresponding fine grain fractions from 25 stations in the German Exclusive Economic Zone for 41 HOCs including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, and organochlorine pesticides. The results indicate that the wet‐sieving procedure is capable of physically normalizing the concentrations of the investigated HOCs and is useful for the comparison of concentrations in different sediment types. The wet‐sieving procedure is more time consuming than the normalization to the TOC content. However, it offers the possibility of lowering the detection limits (LODs) through the analytical sample preparation procedure used, as sieving concentrates the contaminants. Therefore, a higher number of results >LOD were detected in sediment fines, leading to more informative data sets. In contrast to the commonly used normalization to 2.5% TOC, the statistical analyses carried out (principal component analysis with subsequent cluster analysis) additionally indicate that physical normalization allows better differentiation of sampling sites by contaminant sources and geographic location rather than their sediment characteristics. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:1348–1360. © 2023 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
Key Points
Spatial distributions of organic hydrophobic contaminant concentrations in sediment fines (<63 µm) for the German Exclusive Economic Zone are provided.
Total organic carbon (TOC) (2.5%) normalized bulk sediment concentrations (OSPAR/ICES) and concentrations in sediment fines (physical normalization) are comparable.
Statistical analyses indicate that physical normalization allows better differentiation of sampling sites by contaminant sources and geographic location rather than their sediment characteristics compared to TOC normalization.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>36688303</pmid><doi>10.1002/ieam.4744</doi><tpages>13</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5787-0435</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Aromatic compounds Aromatic hydrocarbons Bioavailability Chlorine compounds Cluster analysis Contaminants Detection limits Economics Environmental assessment Environmental Impact Assessment Environmental management Environmental monitoring Exclusive economic zone Exclusive economic zones Geographical locations Hydrophobicity Integrated environmental assessment Marine pollution Marine sediments Normalization of sediment data Normalizing (statistics) North Sea sediments Organic carbon Organic compounds Organic contaminants Organochlorine pesticides PCB Pesticides Polychlorinated biphenyls Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Principal components analysis Sample preparation Sediment Sediment samplers Sediment samples Sediment sieving Sediments Soil properties Statistical analysis Statistical methods Total organic carbon Toxicology |
| title | Distribution of hydrophobic organic contaminants in marine sediment fines—An alternative normalization strategy? |
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