Cast away on Mindoro island: lack of space limits population growth of the endangered tamaraw
Endangered species, despite often living at low population densities, may undergo unexpected density‐dependent feedbacks in the case of successful recovery or marked reduction in range. Because density‐dependence dynamics can increase risk of extinction, these effects can hamper conservation efforts...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Animal conservation 2023-08, Vol.26 (4), p.546-557 |
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| creator | Bonenfant, C. Rutschmann, A. Burton, J. Boyles, R. García, F. Tilker, A. Schütz, E. |
| description | Endangered species, despite often living at low population densities, may undergo unexpected density‐dependent feedbacks in the case of successful recovery or marked reduction in range. Because density‐dependence dynamics can increase risk of extinction, these effects can hamper conservation efforts. In this study, we analyze the dynamics of the largest population of the tamaraw Bubalus mindorensis, a critically endangered ungulate species endemic to Mindoro island, Philippines. The population is located within a |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/acv.12842 |
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The main tamaraw population on Mindoro Island, Philippines, is currently confined to a 1600 ha area with heavy protection and where hunting is prohibited. Poaching however occurs around this heavily protected zone, creating a source‐sink population dynamics, evidenced by negative growth of abundance at the periphery and positive growth in the core area. This continuous increase in abundance inside the protected area triggers density‐dependence which, in the long run, may lead to lower growth and limited ability to export animals for reinforcement operations on the island. Protected corridors for emigration are badly needed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1367-9430</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1469-1795</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/acv.12842</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Anthropogenic factors ; Bubalus mindorensis ; demographic isolation ; density‐dependence ; Dynamics ; Endangered & extinct species ; Endangered species ; Endemic species ; exponential model ; Growth rate ; large herbivores ; Mindoro dwarf buffalo ; poaching ; Population density ; Population dynamics ; Population growth ; Protected areas ; protection measures ; Rare species ; Reduction ; Sampling error ; Source-sink relationships ; Species extinction ; Wildlife conservation</subject><ispartof>Animal conservation, 2023-08, Vol.26 (4), p.546-557</ispartof><rights>2022 Zoological Society of London.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2023 The Zoological Society of London</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2972-4fb080d6759a4919c94b9e4d96249ec7c327a87d4b657fff31108947e0e3941c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2972-4fb080d6759a4919c94b9e4d96249ec7c327a87d4b657fff31108947e0e3941c3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-9924-419X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Facv.12842$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Facv.12842$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27903,27904,45553,45554</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bonenfant, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rutschmann, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burton, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boyles, R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>García, F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tilker, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schütz, E.</creatorcontrib><title>Cast away on Mindoro island: lack of space limits population growth of the endangered tamaraw</title><title>Animal conservation</title><description>Endangered species, despite often living at low population densities, may undergo unexpected density‐dependent feedbacks in the case of successful recovery or marked reduction in range. Because density‐dependence dynamics can increase risk of extinction, these effects can hamper conservation efforts. In this study, we analyze the dynamics of the largest population of the tamaraw Bubalus mindorensis, a critically endangered ungulate species endemic to Mindoro island, Philippines. The population is located within a <3000 ha area in Mounts Iglit‐Baco Natural Park, with limited expansion possibilities. We took advantage of a 22 year time series of tamaraw counts to estimate annual population growth rate and possible density‐dependence, accounting for sampling errors in the counts. The tamaraw population has been increasing at an average rate of +5% per year, as would be expected given its protected status by law. Population growth showed strong spatial structuring, with a population growth close to +10% in the core area of protection, and a reduction of abundance of −5% at the periphery of its range, inside the protected area. This range constriction is concerning because our best population dynamics model suggests significant negative density‐dependence (Bayes factor = 0.9). The contraction of tamaraw range is likely caused by anthropogenic pressures forcing the species to live at relatively high densities in the core zone where protection is most effective, creating source‐sink dynamics. Our study highlights the fact that, despite the continuous population growth over the last two decades, the long‐term viability of the Mounts Iglit‐Baco Natural Park tamaraw population remains uncertain.
The main tamaraw population on Mindoro Island, Philippines, is currently confined to a 1600 ha area with heavy protection and where hunting is prohibited. Poaching however occurs around this heavily protected zone, creating a source‐sink population dynamics, evidenced by negative growth of abundance at the periphery and positive growth in the core area. This continuous increase in abundance inside the protected area triggers density‐dependence which, in the long run, may lead to lower growth and limited ability to export animals for reinforcement operations on the island. Protected corridors for emigration are badly needed.</description><subject>Anthropogenic factors</subject><subject>Bubalus mindorensis</subject><subject>demographic isolation</subject><subject>density‐dependence</subject><subject>Dynamics</subject><subject>Endangered & extinct species</subject><subject>Endangered species</subject><subject>Endemic species</subject><subject>exponential model</subject><subject>Growth rate</subject><subject>large herbivores</subject><subject>Mindoro dwarf buffalo</subject><subject>poaching</subject><subject>Population density</subject><subject>Population dynamics</subject><subject>Population growth</subject><subject>Protected areas</subject><subject>protection measures</subject><subject>Rare species</subject><subject>Reduction</subject><subject>Sampling error</subject><subject>Source-sink relationships</subject><subject>Species extinction</subject><subject>Wildlife conservation</subject><issn>1367-9430</issn><issn>1469-1795</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp10LtOwzAUBmALgUQpDLyBJSaGFNtx4pitirhJRSzAhqxTx25T0jjYKVHfHpew4uV4-M5FP0KXlMxofDegv2eUFZwdoQnluUyokNlx_Ke5SCRPySk6C2FDSEQpnaCPEkKPYYA9di1-rtvKeYfr0EBb3eIG9Cd2FocOtMFNva37gDvX7Rro6-hX3g39-iD6tcGmraBdGW8q3MMWPAzn6MRCE8zFX52it_u71_IxWbw8PJXzRaKZFCzhdkkKUuUik8AllVrypTS8kjnj0mihUyagEBVf5pmw1qaUkkJyYYhJJac6naKrcW7n3dfOhF5t3M63caViRcYzJgijUV2PSnsXgjdWdb6Od-4VJeqQnorpqd_0or0Z7VA3Zv8_VPPyfez4AQ9ZcB0</recordid><startdate>202308</startdate><enddate>202308</enddate><creator>Bonenfant, C.</creator><creator>Rutschmann, A.</creator><creator>Burton, J.</creator><creator>Boyles, R.</creator><creator>García, F.</creator><creator>Tilker, A.</creator><creator>Schütz, E.</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7U6</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9924-419X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202308</creationdate><title>Cast away on Mindoro island: lack of space limits population growth of the endangered tamaraw</title><author>Bonenfant, C. ; Rutschmann, A. ; Burton, J. ; Boyles, R. ; García, F. ; Tilker, A. ; Schütz, E.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2972-4fb080d6759a4919c94b9e4d96249ec7c327a87d4b657fff31108947e0e3941c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Anthropogenic factors</topic><topic>Bubalus mindorensis</topic><topic>demographic isolation</topic><topic>density‐dependence</topic><topic>Dynamics</topic><topic>Endangered & extinct species</topic><topic>Endangered species</topic><topic>Endemic species</topic><topic>exponential model</topic><topic>Growth rate</topic><topic>large herbivores</topic><topic>Mindoro dwarf buffalo</topic><topic>poaching</topic><topic>Population density</topic><topic>Population dynamics</topic><topic>Population growth</topic><topic>Protected areas</topic><topic>protection measures</topic><topic>Rare species</topic><topic>Reduction</topic><topic>Sampling error</topic><topic>Source-sink relationships</topic><topic>Species extinction</topic><topic>Wildlife conservation</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bonenfant, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rutschmann, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burton, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boyles, R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>García, F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tilker, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schütz, E.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Sustainability Science Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Animal conservation</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bonenfant, C.</au><au>Rutschmann, A.</au><au>Burton, J.</au><au>Boyles, R.</au><au>García, F.</au><au>Tilker, A.</au><au>Schütz, E.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Cast away on Mindoro island: lack of space limits population growth of the endangered tamaraw</atitle><jtitle>Animal conservation</jtitle><date>2023-08</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>26</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>546</spage><epage>557</epage><pages>546-557</pages><issn>1367-9430</issn><eissn>1469-1795</eissn><abstract>Endangered species, despite often living at low population densities, may undergo unexpected density‐dependent feedbacks in the case of successful recovery or marked reduction in range. Because density‐dependence dynamics can increase risk of extinction, these effects can hamper conservation efforts. In this study, we analyze the dynamics of the largest population of the tamaraw Bubalus mindorensis, a critically endangered ungulate species endemic to Mindoro island, Philippines. The population is located within a <3000 ha area in Mounts Iglit‐Baco Natural Park, with limited expansion possibilities. We took advantage of a 22 year time series of tamaraw counts to estimate annual population growth rate and possible density‐dependence, accounting for sampling errors in the counts. The tamaraw population has been increasing at an average rate of +5% per year, as would be expected given its protected status by law. Population growth showed strong spatial structuring, with a population growth close to +10% in the core area of protection, and a reduction of abundance of −5% at the periphery of its range, inside the protected area. This range constriction is concerning because our best population dynamics model suggests significant negative density‐dependence (Bayes factor = 0.9). The contraction of tamaraw range is likely caused by anthropogenic pressures forcing the species to live at relatively high densities in the core zone where protection is most effective, creating source‐sink dynamics. Our study highlights the fact that, despite the continuous population growth over the last two decades, the long‐term viability of the Mounts Iglit‐Baco Natural Park tamaraw population remains uncertain.
The main tamaraw population on Mindoro Island, Philippines, is currently confined to a 1600 ha area with heavy protection and where hunting is prohibited. Poaching however occurs around this heavily protected zone, creating a source‐sink population dynamics, evidenced by negative growth of abundance at the periphery and positive growth in the core area. This continuous increase in abundance inside the protected area triggers density‐dependence which, in the long run, may lead to lower growth and limited ability to export animals for reinforcement operations on the island. Protected corridors for emigration are badly needed.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><doi>10.1111/acv.12842</doi><tpages>557</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9924-419X</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| source | Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete |
| subjects | Anthropogenic factors Bubalus mindorensis demographic isolation density‐dependence Dynamics Endangered & extinct species Endangered species Endemic species exponential model Growth rate large herbivores Mindoro dwarf buffalo poaching Population density Population dynamics Population growth Protected areas protection measures Rare species Reduction Sampling error Source-sink relationships Species extinction Wildlife conservation |
| title | Cast away on Mindoro island: lack of space limits population growth of the endangered tamaraw |
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