Application of response surface methodology in optimizing condition of phenolic compounds extraction from cocoa POD husk waste (T. cacao L.) using ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE) method

Cocoa pod husk is one of the most waste of cocoa, which not utilizes properly. As well as parts of the cocoa, cocoa pod husk also contains several active compounds like flavonoids and polyphenols. This research aims to analyze the content of phenolic compounds from cocoa pod husk extract. The Design Expert vs11 program with Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken Design modeling was used to select process conditions from a combination of factors producing the optimal responses. Phenolic compounds were extracted using the Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction (UAE) method. Extraction parameters that were varied included extraction duration, ultrasound power, and material:solvent ratio. Analysis of total phenol content was carried out using the Follin-Ciocalteu method and observed using visible light spectroscopy. Relationship between variables and the response of total phenol was modeled by y=145,50659 – 17,7693A+1,29148B+5563,3941C – 0,030108AB+343,34234AC+59, 54583BC+0,282160A2 - 0,008468 B2-1,10175 E+05C2 (A is duration extraction; B is the ultrasound power; C is material:solvent ratio). The optimum value of total phenol is 804.83 mg GAE/g with the condition extraction time of 25 min, power extraction of 180 watt, and the material:solvent ratio of 0.06 g/mL.