High-Speed Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting 1550-nm-Range Lasers Manufactured by the Wafer Fusion Technology
The results of studies of the characteristics of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers of 1550-nm spectral range with active region based on quantum InGaAs wells implemented within wafer fusion technology. Current and optical confinements are provided by buried tunnel junction n + / p + -InAlGaAs....
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute 2023-08, Vol.50 (Suppl 2), p.S140-S147 |
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| creator | Blokhin, S. A. Babichev, A. V. Karachinsky, L. Ya Novikov, I. I. Blokhin, A. A. Bobrov, M. A. Kuzmenkov, A. G. Maleev, N. A. Andryushkin, V. V. Bugrov, V. E. Gladyshev, A. G. Kryzhanovskaya, N. V. Voropaev, K. O. Zhumaeva, I. O. Ustinov, V. M. Egorov, A. Yu |
| description | The results of studies of the characteristics of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers of 1550-nm spectral range with active region based on quantum InGaAs wells implemented within wafer fusion technology. Current and optical confinements are provided by buried tunnel junction
n
+
/
p
+
-InAlGaAs. In a wide range of temperatures, lasers with a mesa diameter of the buried tunnel junction of 7 μm demonstrated a threshold current ~1.5 mA, differential efficiency of ~0.49 W/A, the maximum output optical power of more than 4 mW, and the –3dB modulation bandwidth of approximately 9 GHz. It is revealed that, as the length of the optical link increases, the chromatic dispersion of the SMF-28 fiber and the parasitic frequency modulation of laser cause considerable distortions of the shape of output optical pulses, as well as the strengthening of intersymbol interference, which finally leads to disappearance of opening of the eye diagram. The maximum data rate using direct current modulation by the amplitude NRZ format reaches 30 Gb/s at 20°C for a short communication link (BTB configuration), and for a communication link of 2 km the maximum data rate is no more than 25 Gb/s. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3103/S1068335623140026 |
| format | Article |
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n
+
/
p
+
-InAlGaAs. In a wide range of temperatures, lasers with a mesa diameter of the buried tunnel junction of 7 μm demonstrated a threshold current ~1.5 mA, differential efficiency of ~0.49 W/A, the maximum output optical power of more than 4 mW, and the –3dB modulation bandwidth of approximately 9 GHz. It is revealed that, as the length of the optical link increases, the chromatic dispersion of the SMF-28 fiber and the parasitic frequency modulation of laser cause considerable distortions of the shape of output optical pulses, as well as the strengthening of intersymbol interference, which finally leads to disappearance of opening of the eye diagram. The maximum data rate using direct current modulation by the amplitude NRZ format reaches 30 Gb/s at 20°C for a short communication link (BTB configuration), and for a communication link of 2 km the maximum data rate is no more than 25 Gb/s.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1068-3356</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1934-838X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3103/S1068335623140026</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Moscow: Pleiades Publishing</publisher><subject>Current modulation ; Direct current ; Frequency modulation ; Lasers ; Optical pulses ; Physics ; Physics and Astronomy ; Spectral emittance ; Threshold currents ; Tunnel junctions ; Vertical cavity surface emission lasers</subject><ispartof>Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute, 2023-08, Vol.50 (Suppl 2), p.S140-S147</ispartof><rights>Allerton Press, Inc. 2023. ISSN 1068-3356, Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute, 2023, Vol. 50, Suppl. 2, pp. S140–S147. © Allerton Press, Inc., 2023. Russian Text © The Author(s), 2022, published in Kvantovaya Elektronika, 2022, Vol. 52, No. 10, pp. 878–884.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c268t-9922083e60e65b92e66fe72db8a1fafa1d6f21568cae0d324fa3dd64b4193e243</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3103/S1068335623140026$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.3103/S1068335623140026$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Blokhin, S. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Babichev, A. V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karachinsky, L. Ya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Novikov, I. I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blokhin, A. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bobrov, M. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kuzmenkov, A. G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maleev, N. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andryushkin, V. V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bugrov, V. E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gladyshev, A. G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kryzhanovskaya, N. V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Voropaev, K. O.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhumaeva, I. O.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ustinov, V. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Egorov, A. Yu</creatorcontrib><title>High-Speed Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting 1550-nm-Range Lasers Manufactured by the Wafer Fusion Technology</title><title>Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute</title><addtitle>Bull. Lebedev Phys. Inst</addtitle><description>The results of studies of the characteristics of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers of 1550-nm spectral range with active region based on quantum InGaAs wells implemented within wafer fusion technology. Current and optical confinements are provided by buried tunnel junction
n
+
/
p
+
-InAlGaAs. In a wide range of temperatures, lasers with a mesa diameter of the buried tunnel junction of 7 μm demonstrated a threshold current ~1.5 mA, differential efficiency of ~0.49 W/A, the maximum output optical power of more than 4 mW, and the –3dB modulation bandwidth of approximately 9 GHz. It is revealed that, as the length of the optical link increases, the chromatic dispersion of the SMF-28 fiber and the parasitic frequency modulation of laser cause considerable distortions of the shape of output optical pulses, as well as the strengthening of intersymbol interference, which finally leads to disappearance of opening of the eye diagram. The maximum data rate using direct current modulation by the amplitude NRZ format reaches 30 Gb/s at 20°C for a short communication link (BTB configuration), and for a communication link of 2 km the maximum data rate is no more than 25 Gb/s.</description><subject>Current modulation</subject><subject>Direct current</subject><subject>Frequency modulation</subject><subject>Lasers</subject><subject>Optical pulses</subject><subject>Physics</subject><subject>Physics and Astronomy</subject><subject>Spectral emittance</subject><subject>Threshold currents</subject><subject>Tunnel junctions</subject><subject>Vertical cavity surface emission lasers</subject><issn>1068-3356</issn><issn>1934-838X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kN1LwzAUxYMoOKd_gG8Bn6P5aLL0UcbmhIng5sdbSdubrqNrZ5IK_e_NmOCD-HQvnN85l3sQumb0VjAq7laMKi2EVFywhFKuTtCIpSIhWuiP07hHmRz0c3Th_ZZSKXUqR6hZ1NWGrPYAJX4DF-rCNGRqvuow4FXvrCmAzHZ1CHVbYSYlJe2OvJi2Arw0HpzHT6btIxZ6FyPyAYcN4HdjweF57-uuxWsoNm3XdNVwic6saTxc_cwxep3P1tMFWT4_PE7vl6TgSgeSppxTLUBRUDJPOShlYcLLXBtmjTWsVJYzqXRhgJaCJ9aIslRJnsSPgSdijG6OuXvXffbgQ7btetfGkxnX8lCUUpNIsSNVuM57Bzbbu3pn3JAxmh1Kzf6UGj386PGRjSW43-T_Td9ozHhK</recordid><startdate>20230801</startdate><enddate>20230801</enddate><creator>Blokhin, S. A.</creator><creator>Babichev, A. V.</creator><creator>Karachinsky, L. Ya</creator><creator>Novikov, I. I.</creator><creator>Blokhin, A. A.</creator><creator>Bobrov, M. A.</creator><creator>Kuzmenkov, A. G.</creator><creator>Maleev, N. A.</creator><creator>Andryushkin, V. V.</creator><creator>Bugrov, V. E.</creator><creator>Gladyshev, A. G.</creator><creator>Kryzhanovskaya, N. V.</creator><creator>Voropaev, K. O.</creator><creator>Zhumaeva, I. O.</creator><creator>Ustinov, V. M.</creator><creator>Egorov, A. Yu</creator><general>Pleiades Publishing</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20230801</creationdate><title>High-Speed Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting 1550-nm-Range Lasers Manufactured by the Wafer Fusion Technology</title><author>Blokhin, S. A. ; Babichev, A. V. ; Karachinsky, L. Ya ; Novikov, I. I. ; Blokhin, A. A. ; Bobrov, M. A. ; Kuzmenkov, A. G. ; Maleev, N. A. ; Andryushkin, V. V. ; Bugrov, V. E. ; Gladyshev, A. G. ; Kryzhanovskaya, N. V. ; Voropaev, K. O. ; Zhumaeva, I. O. ; Ustinov, V. M. ; Egorov, A. Yu</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c268t-9922083e60e65b92e66fe72db8a1fafa1d6f21568cae0d324fa3dd64b4193e243</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Current modulation</topic><topic>Direct current</topic><topic>Frequency modulation</topic><topic>Lasers</topic><topic>Optical pulses</topic><topic>Physics</topic><topic>Physics and Astronomy</topic><topic>Spectral emittance</topic><topic>Threshold currents</topic><topic>Tunnel junctions</topic><topic>Vertical cavity surface emission lasers</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Blokhin, S. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Babichev, A. V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karachinsky, L. Ya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Novikov, I. I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blokhin, A. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bobrov, M. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kuzmenkov, A. G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maleev, N. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andryushkin, V. V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bugrov, V. E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gladyshev, A. G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kryzhanovskaya, N. V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Voropaev, K. O.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhumaeva, I. O.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ustinov, V. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Egorov, A. Yu</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Blokhin, S. A.</au><au>Babichev, A. V.</au><au>Karachinsky, L. Ya</au><au>Novikov, I. I.</au><au>Blokhin, A. A.</au><au>Bobrov, M. A.</au><au>Kuzmenkov, A. G.</au><au>Maleev, N. A.</au><au>Andryushkin, V. V.</au><au>Bugrov, V. E.</au><au>Gladyshev, A. G.</au><au>Kryzhanovskaya, N. V.</au><au>Voropaev, K. O.</au><au>Zhumaeva, I. O.</au><au>Ustinov, V. M.</au><au>Egorov, A. Yu</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>High-Speed Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting 1550-nm-Range Lasers Manufactured by the Wafer Fusion Technology</atitle><jtitle>Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute</jtitle><stitle>Bull. Lebedev Phys. Inst</stitle><date>2023-08-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>50</volume><issue>Suppl 2</issue><spage>S140</spage><epage>S147</epage><pages>S140-S147</pages><issn>1068-3356</issn><eissn>1934-838X</eissn><abstract>The results of studies of the characteristics of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers of 1550-nm spectral range with active region based on quantum InGaAs wells implemented within wafer fusion technology. Current and optical confinements are provided by buried tunnel junction
n
+
/
p
+
-InAlGaAs. In a wide range of temperatures, lasers with a mesa diameter of the buried tunnel junction of 7 μm demonstrated a threshold current ~1.5 mA, differential efficiency of ~0.49 W/A, the maximum output optical power of more than 4 mW, and the –3dB modulation bandwidth of approximately 9 GHz. It is revealed that, as the length of the optical link increases, the chromatic dispersion of the SMF-28 fiber and the parasitic frequency modulation of laser cause considerable distortions of the shape of output optical pulses, as well as the strengthening of intersymbol interference, which finally leads to disappearance of opening of the eye diagram. The maximum data rate using direct current modulation by the amplitude NRZ format reaches 30 Gb/s at 20°C for a short communication link (BTB configuration), and for a communication link of 2 km the maximum data rate is no more than 25 Gb/s.</abstract><cop>Moscow</cop><pub>Pleiades Publishing</pub><doi>10.3103/S1068335623140026</doi></addata></record> |
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| source | SpringerNature Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals |
| subjects | Current modulation Direct current Frequency modulation Lasers Optical pulses Physics Physics and Astronomy Spectral emittance Threshold currents Tunnel junctions Vertical cavity surface emission lasers |
| title | High-Speed Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting 1550-nm-Range Lasers Manufactured by the Wafer Fusion Technology |
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